The document discusses obstetrics and gynecology nursing. It provides information on:
1) The importance of obstetrics and gynecology nursing in ensuring healthy pregnancies and deliveries, recognizing and preventing complications, and educating patients.
2) The structure of the female pelvis including the four bones (innominate, sacrum, coccyx), joints (symphysis pubis, sacroiliac, sacrococcygeal), and ligaments that hold the joints together.
3) The diameters and landmarks of the female pelvis that are important for labor and delivery, including the ischial spines and sacral promontory.
Amniotic sac. A thin-walled sac that surrounds the fetus during pregnancy. The sac is filled with liquid made by the fetus (amniotic fluid) and the membrane that covers the fetal side of the placenta (amnion). This protects the fetus from injury.
F E T A L L I E , P R E S E N T A T I O N , A T T I T U D E A N D P O S I T I...DR MUKESH SAH
Hysterectomy is a surgery to remove the uterus and cervix. “Abdominal” is the surgical technique that will be used. This means the surgery will be done through an incision in your abdomen. A bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is surgery to remove both of your ovaries and fallopian tubes. The hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy will both be done during one procedure. This surgery will remove the uterus, cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. After a hysterectomy you will no longer have periods or be able to become pregnant.
Why am I having this surgery?
There are multiple reasons why your provider may suggest a hysterectomy and salpingectomy:
Heavy periods
Endometriosis
Uterine fibroids
Cancer
You may also need to have a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy if you are high risk for ovarian cancer, have certain types of breast cancer, or have ovarian masses or cysts.
What happens during this surgery?
Before the procedure, you will be given general anesthesia to sleep. Depending on your reason for surgery, the incision may be made either vertically or horizontally. A horizontal incision is made in your lower abdomen along the pubic hair, or bikini, line. A vertical incision is made above or below your belly button down to right above the pubic bone. The surgeon will remove your uterus, cervix, ovaries, and/or fallopian tubes from this incision.
What are the risks?
This procedure has a small risk of:
Bleeding during surgery, which may require a blood transfusion
Infection of the bladder or surgical site
Damage to surrounding organs (bladder, bowel, and ureters)
Possible need for further surgery
What should I do to prepare for the procedure?
Do not eat or drink anything after midnight the night before your surgery.
You will be under anesthesia for the procedure so you will need someone to drive you to and from your appointment.
Be sure to arrive two hours before your estimated surgery start time.
Ask your provider any questions you may have before the procedure, especially instructions on stopping or continuing to take any existing medications.
Follow the instructions from our office to schedule your pre and post op appointments.
What should I expect during recovery?
After surgery, you will usually need to remain in the hospital for about 2 nights. You should expect a full recovery after surgery to take about 6 weeks.
It is normal to have vaginal bleeding and discharge for 1 to 2 weeks after surgery. The discharge and bleeding should gradually decrease.
For 6 weeks after surgery, you need to avoid strenuous exercise, lifting heavy objects, and sexual activity.
Call your provider if you experience:
Fever greater than 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit
Severe nausea / vomiting or abdominal pain
Heavy bleeding (more than 2 pads soaked per hour)
Redness, swelling, or discharge from your incisions
Amniotic sac. A thin-walled sac that surrounds the fetus during pregnancy. The sac is filled with liquid made by the fetus (amniotic fluid) and the membrane that covers the fetal side of the placenta (amnion). This protects the fetus from injury.
F E T A L L I E , P R E S E N T A T I O N , A T T I T U D E A N D P O S I T I...DR MUKESH SAH
Hysterectomy is a surgery to remove the uterus and cervix. “Abdominal” is the surgical technique that will be used. This means the surgery will be done through an incision in your abdomen. A bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is surgery to remove both of your ovaries and fallopian tubes. The hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy will both be done during one procedure. This surgery will remove the uterus, cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. After a hysterectomy you will no longer have periods or be able to become pregnant.
Why am I having this surgery?
There are multiple reasons why your provider may suggest a hysterectomy and salpingectomy:
Heavy periods
Endometriosis
Uterine fibroids
Cancer
You may also need to have a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy if you are high risk for ovarian cancer, have certain types of breast cancer, or have ovarian masses or cysts.
What happens during this surgery?
Before the procedure, you will be given general anesthesia to sleep. Depending on your reason for surgery, the incision may be made either vertically or horizontally. A horizontal incision is made in your lower abdomen along the pubic hair, or bikini, line. A vertical incision is made above or below your belly button down to right above the pubic bone. The surgeon will remove your uterus, cervix, ovaries, and/or fallopian tubes from this incision.
What are the risks?
This procedure has a small risk of:
Bleeding during surgery, which may require a blood transfusion
Infection of the bladder or surgical site
Damage to surrounding organs (bladder, bowel, and ureters)
Possible need for further surgery
What should I do to prepare for the procedure?
Do not eat or drink anything after midnight the night before your surgery.
You will be under anesthesia for the procedure so you will need someone to drive you to and from your appointment.
Be sure to arrive two hours before your estimated surgery start time.
Ask your provider any questions you may have before the procedure, especially instructions on stopping or continuing to take any existing medications.
Follow the instructions from our office to schedule your pre and post op appointments.
What should I expect during recovery?
After surgery, you will usually need to remain in the hospital for about 2 nights. You should expect a full recovery after surgery to take about 6 weeks.
It is normal to have vaginal bleeding and discharge for 1 to 2 weeks after surgery. The discharge and bleeding should gradually decrease.
For 6 weeks after surgery, you need to avoid strenuous exercise, lifting heavy objects, and sexual activity.
Call your provider if you experience:
Fever greater than 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit
Severe nausea / vomiting or abdominal pain
Heavy bleeding (more than 2 pads soaked per hour)
Redness, swelling, or discharge from your incisions
It explains the mechanism of normal labour to medical and para-medical staff.It also puts light on principle movements underlying mechanism of normal labour with pictures.Thank You Like an share it to the maximum.
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It explains the mechanism of normal labour to medical and para-medical staff.It also puts light on principle movements underlying mechanism of normal labour with pictures.Thank You Like an share it to the maximum.
1. pedologic anatomy with special emphasis on its appliedNivedita Jain
Pedologic Anatomy with special emphasis on it's applied aspect is a basic science seminar which is important to all Pediatric Dentists and BDS students both.
Growth and development /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The female pelvis is ideal for childbearing. Complete knowledge on it helps a obstetrician or midwife to conduct normal labour as well as detect any abnormalities related to abnormal pelvis.
The pelvis is the lower part of the trunk of the human body between the abdomen and the thighs.
Topographically it is made up of a bony and ligamentous framework which is lined internally and externally by soft tissue and it is closed inferior by a layer of muscle and fascia which constitute the pelvic floor.
The perineum lies below the pelvic floor.
The pelvis in its broadest sense is an anatomical region bounded behind by the sacrum and coccyx, on each side and anteriorly by the innominate bones which are the hip bones, or pelvic bones.
These bones form the skeletal base for the lower limb.
Anatomy of the pelvis, understand the clinical relevance and key landmarks,parts and function,blood and nerve supply and disorders associated with the pelvis.
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Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
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Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
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micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
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The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
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comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
2. Q.1) Importance of Obstetrics and Gynecology nursing (Marks:-5)
• Ensuring healthy antenatal period followed by a safe normal delivery with a healthy
child and an uneventful post partum period.
• Prompt and efficient cares during obstetrical 4 emergencies also prevent so many of
complications.
• The importance of the obstetric and gynecology nursing are:
- Equip the nurse with the knowledge and understanding of the Anatomy and physiology
of reproductive organ be able to apply it in practice.
- With a good knowledge of obstetric drugs including, the effect of diseases their
Complications and know how to deal with them.
- Develop skills in carrying out antenatal care and be able to detect any abnormality,
recognize and prevent complications.
- Select high risk cases for hospital delivery and provide health education.
3. - Develop skills in supporting the women in labour, maintain proper
records, and deliver her safely and resuscitate her new born when
necessary.
- Be able to care for the mother and baby during the post partum period
and be able to identify abnormalities and help them to get-over it.
- Be able to educate them on care of the baby, immunization, family
guidance and family spacing.
- Be ready to offer advice to support the mother and understand her
problems as a mature, kind and helpful nurse.
4. Q.2) DESCRIBE FEMALE PELVIS (Marks:-5/8)
Covered topics in this ques
• Structure
• Figure
• Parts
• Joints
• Landmarks
• Diameters
• Ligaments
5. Structure:-
• The female pelvis is structurally adapted for child bearing and
delivery.
• There are four pelvic bones :-
- innominate or hip bones (2)
- Sacrum (1)
- Coccyx (1)
7. Each innominate bone is composed of three parts.
1. The ilium the large flared out part :-
2. The ischium the thick lower part :-
It has a large prominance known as the ischial tuberosity
on which the body rests when sitting. Behind and a little above the
tuberosity is an inward projection, the ischial spine. In labour the station
of the fetal head is estimated in relation to ischial spines.
3. The pubis :- The pubic bone forms the anterior part. The
space enclosed by the body of the pubic bone the rami and the ischium
is called the obturator foramen.
8. The sacrum
- Awedge shaped bone consisting of five fused vertebrae.
* The upper border of the first sacral vertebra is known
as the sacral promontary.
* The anterior surface of the 7 sacrum is concave and is
referred to as the hallow of the sacrum.
9. The coccyx
The coccyx is avestigial tail.
It consists of four fused vertebrae forming a small triangular bone.
10. JOINTS
• There are four pelvic joints –
- One Symphysis pubis
- Two Sacro illiac joint
- One Sacro coccygeal joint
- The symphysis pubis is a cartilgeous joint formed by junction
of the two pubic bones along the midline. ƒ
- The sacro iliac joints are the strongest joints in the body.
- The sacro coccygeal joint is formed where the base of the
coccyx articulates with the tip of the sacrum.
In non pregnant state there is very little movement in these joints but
during pregnancy endocrine activity causes the ligaments to soften which
allows the joints to give & provide more room for the fetal head as it passes
through the pelvis.
12. Pelvic ligaments
Each of the pelvic joints is held together by ligaments
- Interpubic ligaments at the symphysis pubis (1)
- Sacro iliac ligaments (2)
- Sacro coccygeal ligaments (1)
- Sacro tuberous ligament (2)
- Sacro spinous ligament (2)