The immune system protects the body from pathogens and disease through structures like tonsils, lymph nodes, and white blood cells. Tonsils destroy harmful organisms entering through the mouth, lymph nodes filter foreign particles, and white blood cells are produced in bone marrow to fight infection. The document also describes diseases that compromise the immune system like HIV/AIDS, as well as autoimmune disorders such as lupus and mononucleosis. HIV attacks T-cells and causes them to produce more viruses, progressively destroying the immune system until the final stage of AIDS.

1. The IMMUNE SystemThe IMMUNE System
Unit 3
Transportation Systems

2. Functions of the Immune SystemFunctions of the Immune System
• Provide immunity to the body by protecting
against disease.
• Identify and kill pathogens and tumor cells.
• Produces white blood cells and antibodies.
• Filters out organisms that cause disease.

3. Structures of the Immune SystemStructures of the Immune System

4. TonsilsTonsils
• Lymphoid tissue located
on either side of the
throat.
• Destroy harmful
organisms that enter the
body through the mouth.

5. Lymph NodesLymph Nodes
• Filters or traps foreign
particles.
• Contain white blood
cells.
• Found throughout the
body in the neck,
armpit, chest,
abdomen, elbows,
groin, and knees.

6. White Blood CellsWhite Blood Cells
• Protect against infection and disease.
• Produced in the bone marrow and move to
other parts of the body until they’re needed
to fight infection.
• Not released into the bloodstream until
they’re needed.

7. Diseases andDiseases and
DisordersDisorders
• Human immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV)
• Lupus
• Mononucleosis

8. AIDSAIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
• Contagious disease comprising the immune
system.
• Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV).
• Capable of becoming multi drug-resistant.
• AIDS is the final stage of the HIV infection.
• Average incubation period for AIDS development is
10 years from point of infection.
• Characterized by opportunistic infections.
• There is no cure.

9. HIVHIV Human Immunodeficiency VirusHuman Immunodeficiency Virus
• Affects T cells within the
immune system.
• Attacks the RNA of the
T cell.
• Causes the T cell to alter
its DNA to become HIV.
• When infected T cell
replicates, the T cell
creates more HIV.

10. How AIDS & HIV Affect the BodyHow AIDS & HIV Affect the Body

11. LupusLupus
• Chronic,
inflammatory,
autoimmune disorder
affecting many organ
systems.
• Body’s defenses are
turned against itself
and immune cells
attack healthy
tissues.

12. MononucleosisMononucleosis
• Also known as the
kissing disease.
• Infectious
inflammatory disease
caused by the
Epstein-Barr virus.
• Most commonly
affects young adults
between the ages of
15 and 25.