Application-oriented ping-pong benchmarking: how to assess the real communica...Trieu Nguyen
Moving data between processes has often been discussed as one of the
major bottlenecks in parallel computing—there is a large body of research, striving
to improve communication latency and bandwidth on different networks, measured
with ping-pong benchmarks of different message sizes. In practice, the data to be
communicated generally originates from application data structures and needs to be
serialized before communicating it over serial network channels.
Functional Verification of Large-integers Circuits using a Cosimulation-base...IJECEIAES
Cryptography and computational algebra designs are complex systems based on modular arithmetic and build on multi-level modules where bit-width is generally larger than 64-bit. Because of their particularity, such designs pose a real challenge for verification, in part because large-integer‘s functions are not supported in actual hardware description languages (HDLs), therefore limiting the HDL testbench utility. In another hand, high-level verification approach proved its efficiency in the last decade over HDL testbench technique by raising the latter at a higher abstraction level. In this work, we propose a high-level platform to verify such designs, by leveraging the capabilities of a popular tool (Matlab/Simulink) to meet the requirements of a cycle accurate verification without bit-size restrictions and in multi-level inside the design architecture. The proposed high-level platform is augmented by an assertion-based verification to complete the verification coverage. The platform experimental results of the testcase provided good evidence of its performance and re-usability.
CODING SCHEMES FOR ENERGY CONSTRAINED IOT DEVICESijmnct
This paper investigates the application of advanced forward error correction techniques mainly: lowdensity parity checks (LDPC) code and polar code for IoT networks. These codes are under consideration
for 5G systems. Different code parameters such as code rate and a number of decoding iterations are used
to show their effect on the performance of the network. LDPC is performed better than polar code, over the
IoT network scenario considered in the work, for the same coding rate and the number of decoding
iterations. Considering bit error rate (BER) performance, LDPC with rate1/3 provided an improvement of
up to 2.6 dB for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, and 2 dB for SUI-3 (frequency selective
fading channel model). LDPC code gives an improvement in throughput of about 12% as compared to
polar code with a coding rate of 2/3 over AWGN channel. The corresponding values over SUI-3 channel
are about 10%. Finally, in comparison with LDPC, polar code shows better energy saving for large
number of decoding iterations and high coding rates.
CODING SCHEMES FOR ENERGY CONSTRAINED IOT DEVICESijmnct_journal
This paper investigates the application of advanced forward error correction techniques mainly: lowdensity parity checks (LDPC) code and polar code for IoT networks. These codes are under consideration for 5G systems. Different code parameters such as code rate and a number of decoding iterations are used
to show their effect on the performance of the network. LDPC is performed better than polar code, over the IoT network scenario considered in the work, for the same coding rate and the number of decoding iterations. Considering bit error rate (BER) performance, LDPC with rate1/3 provided an improvement of
up to 2.6 dB for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, and 2 dB for SUI-3 (frequency selective fading channel model). LDPC code gives an improvement in throughput of about 12% as compared to polar code with a coding rate of 2/3 over AWGN channel. The corresponding values over SUI-3 channel
are about 10%. Finally, in comparison with LDPC, polar code shows better energy saving for large number of decoding iterations and high coding rates.
Application-oriented ping-pong benchmarking: how to assess the real communica...Trieu Nguyen
Moving data between processes has often been discussed as one of the
major bottlenecks in parallel computing—there is a large body of research, striving
to improve communication latency and bandwidth on different networks, measured
with ping-pong benchmarks of different message sizes. In practice, the data to be
communicated generally originates from application data structures and needs to be
serialized before communicating it over serial network channels.
Functional Verification of Large-integers Circuits using a Cosimulation-base...IJECEIAES
Cryptography and computational algebra designs are complex systems based on modular arithmetic and build on multi-level modules where bit-width is generally larger than 64-bit. Because of their particularity, such designs pose a real challenge for verification, in part because large-integer‘s functions are not supported in actual hardware description languages (HDLs), therefore limiting the HDL testbench utility. In another hand, high-level verification approach proved its efficiency in the last decade over HDL testbench technique by raising the latter at a higher abstraction level. In this work, we propose a high-level platform to verify such designs, by leveraging the capabilities of a popular tool (Matlab/Simulink) to meet the requirements of a cycle accurate verification without bit-size restrictions and in multi-level inside the design architecture. The proposed high-level platform is augmented by an assertion-based verification to complete the verification coverage. The platform experimental results of the testcase provided good evidence of its performance and re-usability.
CODING SCHEMES FOR ENERGY CONSTRAINED IOT DEVICESijmnct
This paper investigates the application of advanced forward error correction techniques mainly: lowdensity parity checks (LDPC) code and polar code for IoT networks. These codes are under consideration
for 5G systems. Different code parameters such as code rate and a number of decoding iterations are used
to show their effect on the performance of the network. LDPC is performed better than polar code, over the
IoT network scenario considered in the work, for the same coding rate and the number of decoding
iterations. Considering bit error rate (BER) performance, LDPC with rate1/3 provided an improvement of
up to 2.6 dB for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, and 2 dB for SUI-3 (frequency selective
fading channel model). LDPC code gives an improvement in throughput of about 12% as compared to
polar code with a coding rate of 2/3 over AWGN channel. The corresponding values over SUI-3 channel
are about 10%. Finally, in comparison with LDPC, polar code shows better energy saving for large
number of decoding iterations and high coding rates.
CODING SCHEMES FOR ENERGY CONSTRAINED IOT DEVICESijmnct_journal
This paper investigates the application of advanced forward error correction techniques mainly: lowdensity parity checks (LDPC) code and polar code for IoT networks. These codes are under consideration for 5G systems. Different code parameters such as code rate and a number of decoding iterations are used
to show their effect on the performance of the network. LDPC is performed better than polar code, over the IoT network scenario considered in the work, for the same coding rate and the number of decoding iterations. Considering bit error rate (BER) performance, LDPC with rate1/3 provided an improvement of
up to 2.6 dB for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, and 2 dB for SUI-3 (frequency selective fading channel model). LDPC code gives an improvement in throughput of about 12% as compared to polar code with a coding rate of 2/3 over AWGN channel. The corresponding values over SUI-3 channel
are about 10%. Finally, in comparison with LDPC, polar code shows better energy saving for large number of decoding iterations and high coding rates.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Analysis of Impact of Channel Error Rate on Average PSNR in Multimedia TrafficIOSR Journals
Abstract : The performance of the multimedia traffic in Ad-Hoc networks is highly impacted with the Signal to Noise Ratio. The Average PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) is an important parameter for the evaluation of multimedia traffic in Ad-Hoc Networks. With the increase of bandwidth of the channels, it becomes necessary to take care of other network parameters like PSNR and ASNR( Average Signal to Noise Ratio) .Enhanced bandwidth with higher channel error rates demand a careful analysis of signal to noise ratio for optimum performance. In this paper, we have evaluated the effect of channel error rate on Average PSNR for the MPEG-4 traffic in Ad-hoc Networks. Keywords: MANETs, Evalvid, MPEG-4, Fragmentation, PSNR
Utilise Multipath Propagation to Improve the performance of BCH and RS CodesALYAA AL-BARRAK
In wireless communication, there exists a phenomenon
know as ‘multipath’. This phenomenon is considered as a
disadvantage because it causes interference. The multipath
phenomenon results in an antenna receiving two or more signals
from the same sent signal from different paths. This paper
considers them as redundant copies of the transmitted data and
utilises them to improve the performance of forward error
correction (FEC) codes without extra redundancy, in order to
improve data transmission reliability and increase the bit rate
over wireless communication channels.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Multi-Channel Preemptive Priority Model for SpectrumMobility in Cognitive Rad...IJECEIAES
Cognitive Radio techniques have been proposed for improving utilization of the spectrum by exploiting the unoccupied bands of the licensed spectrum. This paper proposes a preemptive multi-channel access model for prioritized cognitive radio networks using an iterative method of queuing theory to solve the spectrum scarcity problem. The proposed model formulates accurate closed form of an expected waiting time in the queue, an expected number of users in the queue, an expected waiting time in the system, and an expected number of users in the system. The results compared to the basic model (without preemptive priority) show that, the waiting time in queue and the waiting time in the system compared to the basic model will be improved by 92.99% and 33.15% respectively for class one secondary user. The results also show that, the waiting time in queue and the waiting time in the system will be improved by 43.25% and 15.42% respectively for class two secondary users. The proposed model investigates the desirable schedules of primary and secondary users.
A COOPERATIVE LOCALIZATION METHOD BASED ON V2I COMMUNICATION AND DISTANCE INF...IJCNCJournal
Relative positions are recent solutions to overcome the limited accuracy of GPS in urban environment.
Vehicle positions obtained using V2I communication are more accurate because the known roadside unit
(RSU) locations help predict errors in measurements over time. The accuracy of vehicle positions depends
more on the number of RSUs; however, the high installation cost limits the use of this approach. It also
depends on nonlinear localization nature. They were neglected in several research papers. In these studies,
the accumulated errors increased with time due to the linearity localization problem. In the present study,
a cooperative localization method based on V2I communication and distance information in vehicular
networks is proposed for improving the estimates of vehicles’ initial positions. This method assumes that
the virtual RSUs based on mobility measurements help reduce installation costs and facilitate in handling
fault environments. The extended Kalman filter algorithm is a well-known estimator in nonlinear problem,
but it requires well initial vehicle position vector and adaptive noise in measurements. Using the proposed
method, vehicles’ initial positions can be estimated accurately. The experimental results confirm that the
proposed method has superior accuracy than existing methods, giving a root mean square error of
approximately 1 m. In addition, it is shown that virtual RSUs can assist in estimating initial positions in
fault environments.
DESIGN OF A COMPACT CIRCULAR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR WLAN APPLICATIONS pijans
This paper presents the design of a compact circular microstrip patch antenna for WLAN applications which covers the band 5.15 to 5.825 GHz. The antenna is designed using 1.4mm thick FR-4 (lossy)substrate with relative permittivity 4.4 and a microstrip line feed is used. The radius of the circular patch is chosen as 7.62mm. To reduce the size and enhance the performance of the proposed antenna, a circular slot is loaded on circular patch and a square slot is etched on the ground plane of dimension 30mm×30mm. Design of the antenna is carried out using CST Microsoft Studio Sonimulation Software. The proposed antenna resonates at 5.5 GHz with a wider bandwidth of 702 MHz and it provides low return loss of -31.58 dB, good gain of 3.23 dB and directivity of 4.28 dBi and high efficiency of around 79% against the resonance frequency. The geometry of the proposed circular antenna with reduced size and its various performance parameters such as return loss, bandwidth, VSWR, gain, directivity, efficiency and radiation pattern plots are presented and discussed.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Analysis of Impact of Channel Error Rate on Average PSNR in Multimedia TrafficIOSR Journals
Abstract : The performance of the multimedia traffic in Ad-Hoc networks is highly impacted with the Signal to Noise Ratio. The Average PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) is an important parameter for the evaluation of multimedia traffic in Ad-Hoc Networks. With the increase of bandwidth of the channels, it becomes necessary to take care of other network parameters like PSNR and ASNR( Average Signal to Noise Ratio) .Enhanced bandwidth with higher channel error rates demand a careful analysis of signal to noise ratio for optimum performance. In this paper, we have evaluated the effect of channel error rate on Average PSNR for the MPEG-4 traffic in Ad-hoc Networks. Keywords: MANETs, Evalvid, MPEG-4, Fragmentation, PSNR
Utilise Multipath Propagation to Improve the performance of BCH and RS CodesALYAA AL-BARRAK
In wireless communication, there exists a phenomenon
know as ‘multipath’. This phenomenon is considered as a
disadvantage because it causes interference. The multipath
phenomenon results in an antenna receiving two or more signals
from the same sent signal from different paths. This paper
considers them as redundant copies of the transmitted data and
utilises them to improve the performance of forward error
correction (FEC) codes without extra redundancy, in order to
improve data transmission reliability and increase the bit rate
over wireless communication channels.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Multi-Channel Preemptive Priority Model for SpectrumMobility in Cognitive Rad...IJECEIAES
Cognitive Radio techniques have been proposed for improving utilization of the spectrum by exploiting the unoccupied bands of the licensed spectrum. This paper proposes a preemptive multi-channel access model for prioritized cognitive radio networks using an iterative method of queuing theory to solve the spectrum scarcity problem. The proposed model formulates accurate closed form of an expected waiting time in the queue, an expected number of users in the queue, an expected waiting time in the system, and an expected number of users in the system. The results compared to the basic model (without preemptive priority) show that, the waiting time in queue and the waiting time in the system compared to the basic model will be improved by 92.99% and 33.15% respectively for class one secondary user. The results also show that, the waiting time in queue and the waiting time in the system will be improved by 43.25% and 15.42% respectively for class two secondary users. The proposed model investigates the desirable schedules of primary and secondary users.
A COOPERATIVE LOCALIZATION METHOD BASED ON V2I COMMUNICATION AND DISTANCE INF...IJCNCJournal
Relative positions are recent solutions to overcome the limited accuracy of GPS in urban environment.
Vehicle positions obtained using V2I communication are more accurate because the known roadside unit
(RSU) locations help predict errors in measurements over time. The accuracy of vehicle positions depends
more on the number of RSUs; however, the high installation cost limits the use of this approach. It also
depends on nonlinear localization nature. They were neglected in several research papers. In these studies,
the accumulated errors increased with time due to the linearity localization problem. In the present study,
a cooperative localization method based on V2I communication and distance information in vehicular
networks is proposed for improving the estimates of vehicles’ initial positions. This method assumes that
the virtual RSUs based on mobility measurements help reduce installation costs and facilitate in handling
fault environments. The extended Kalman filter algorithm is a well-known estimator in nonlinear problem,
but it requires well initial vehicle position vector and adaptive noise in measurements. Using the proposed
method, vehicles’ initial positions can be estimated accurately. The experimental results confirm that the
proposed method has superior accuracy than existing methods, giving a root mean square error of
approximately 1 m. In addition, it is shown that virtual RSUs can assist in estimating initial positions in
fault environments.
DESIGN OF A COMPACT CIRCULAR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR WLAN APPLICATIONS pijans
This paper presents the design of a compact circular microstrip patch antenna for WLAN applications which covers the band 5.15 to 5.825 GHz. The antenna is designed using 1.4mm thick FR-4 (lossy)substrate with relative permittivity 4.4 and a microstrip line feed is used. The radius of the circular patch is chosen as 7.62mm. To reduce the size and enhance the performance of the proposed antenna, a circular slot is loaded on circular patch and a square slot is etched on the ground plane of dimension 30mm×30mm. Design of the antenna is carried out using CST Microsoft Studio Sonimulation Software. The proposed antenna resonates at 5.5 GHz with a wider bandwidth of 702 MHz and it provides low return loss of -31.58 dB, good gain of 3.23 dB and directivity of 4.28 dBi and high efficiency of around 79% against the resonance frequency. The geometry of the proposed circular antenna with reduced size and its various performance parameters such as return loss, bandwidth, VSWR, gain, directivity, efficiency and radiation pattern plots are presented and discussed.
Selenium is not a test automation framework. It's just an automation framework, you still need the testing part added in order to have a test automation framework.
All in all, summer season is one of the most favourite seasons of entire world. People also arrange different types of events and festivals in summer season to have some get-togethers and to beat the heat. One of the best things is that many outdoor activities for kids are there is the season.
Material from the 2nd Spiritist Educators'Seminar, held at the Spiritist Society Seeds of Light, in Ft. Myers (FL), on January 31st and February 1st, 2015.
materi FISIKA SMP kelas 9 semester 1 sampai semester 2. SEDERHANA TAPI SEMOGA BERGUNA.
Note : MOHON MAAF JIKA SELAMA INI PPT FISIKA INI TIDAK BISA DI DOWNLOAD. SAYA LUPA UNTUK MENGKLIK BOLEH DI UNDUH. SELAIN ITU SAYA BARU SEMPAT MEMBUKA AKUN INI. TADI SEDANG MEMBUKA EMAIL LAMA DAN ADA KOMENTAR TENTANG MENGUNDUH FILE INI. SEKALI LAGI SAYA MOHON MAAF. MUNGKIN TERLAMBAT TAPI SEMOGA MASIH BERMANFAAT. TERIMA KASIH BUAT YANG SUDAH MELIHAT :)
A Distortion-Resistant Routing Framework for Video Traffic in Wireless Multih...1crore projects
IEEE PROJECTS 2015
1 crore projects is a leading Guide for ieee Projects and real time projects Works Provider.
It has been provided Lot of Guidance for Thousands of Students & made them more beneficial in all Technology Training.
Dot Net
DOTNET Project Domain list 2015
1. IEEE based on datamining and knowledge engineering
2. IEEE based on mobile computing
3. IEEE based on networking
4. IEEE based on Image processing
5. IEEE based on Multimedia
6. IEEE based on Network security
7. IEEE based on parallel and distributed systems
Java Project Domain list 2015
1. IEEE based on datamining and knowledge engineering
2. IEEE based on mobile computing
3. IEEE based on networking
4. IEEE based on Image processing
5. IEEE based on Multimedia
6. IEEE based on Network security
7. IEEE based on parallel and distributed systems
ECE IEEE Projects 2015
1. Matlab project
2. Ns2 project
3. Embedded project
4. Robotics project
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Final Year students of
1. BSc (C.S)
2. BCA/B.E(C.S)
3. B.Tech IT
4. BE (C.S)
5. MSc (C.S)
6. MSc (IT)
7. MCA
8. MS (IT)
9. ME(ALL)
10. BE(ECE)(EEE)(E&I)
TECHNOLOGY USED AND FOR TRAINING IN
1. DOT NET
2. C sharp
3. ASP
4. VB
5. SQL SERVER
6. JAVA
7. J2EE
8. STRINGS
9. ORACLE
10. VB dotNET
11. EMBEDDED
12. MAT LAB
13. LAB VIEW
14. Multi Sim
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website:1croreprojects.com
Phone : +91 97518 00789 / +91 72999 51536
Design and implementation of a java based virtual laboratory for data communi...IJECEIAES
Students in this modern age find engineering courses taught in the university very abstract and difficult, and cannot relate theoretical calculations to real life scenarios. They consequently lose interest in their coursework and perform poorly in their grades. Simulation of classroom concepts with simulation software like MATLAB, were developed to facilitate learning experience. This paper involves the development of a virtual laboratory simulation package for teaching data communication concepts such as coding schemes, modulation and filtering. Unlike other simulation packages, no prior knowledge of computer programming is required for students to grasp these concepts.
Experimental simulation and real world study on wi fi ad-hoc mode for differe...Nazmul Hossain Rakib
The Ad-Hoc mode for wireless communication is not used frequently. But the demand for Wi-Fi communication is continuously increasing as use of Smart-phones and Laptops has enormously popular recent years. Through Ad-Hoc mode users can communicate point to point with mobility feature without using any central BSS. Wireless Ad-Hoc mode uses electromagnetic wave and so this technology has losses and limitations caused by free space propagation media as well as attenuation for interferences.
Performance analysis of voip over wired and wireless networks network impleme...eSAT Journals
Abstract In this Paper, the objective of simulation models is presented to investigate the performance of VoIP codecs over WiMAX and
FDDI networks that specially design for Aden University. To assure if the University IP network is prepared and adequate for this
new type of traffic before adding any new components, Aden University IP network will be simulated by using OPNET simulation
software then the new VoIP service will be added to the University networks. Different parameters that represent the QoS like end
to end delay, jitter, traffic sends and traffic received, MOS are calculated and analyzed in both network scenarios.
Keywords: VoIP, Codecs, QoS, WiMAX, FDDI
1. International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)
Volume 1,Issue 6,June 2014, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470 , print-ISSN:2348-6406
@IJAERD-2014, All rights Reserved 1
DEVELOPING DIGITAL COMMUNICATION LINK USING
MATLAB/SIMULINK
COMMUNICATION LINK
ADITYA C1
,VIGNESH K2, SHREYAS H3
,MANOJ H.4
1
TELECOMMUNICATION,RVCE,adi.rv93@gmail.com
2
TELECOMMUNICATION,RVCE,vigneshkrishnan842@gmail.com
3
TELECOMMUNICATION,RVCE,shreyasy94@gmail.co
4
TELECOMMUNICATION,RVCE,manojhegde95@gmail.com
ABSTRACT-- This report explores the communication link design concepts with respect to the
aerospace applications. The communication link is like a nervous system as it allows data transfer
between the aircraft and the ground station. This work also describes the realization of
communication links using MATLAB-SIMULINK platform.
KEYWORDS- Channel capacity, Bit error rate and symbol error rate, error robust coding techniques
with error detection and correction capabilities,error robust protocols, minimization of the
electromagnetic exposure of jammers with by for example directed or narrow beam antennas,
frequency hopping methods, spread spectrum techniques.
I. INTRODUCTION
Wireless communication has revolutionized the technological developments in almost all the fields.
Designing a reliable and secure communication link is a challenging task and requires thorough
understanding of DSP concepts. MATLAB-SIMULINK provides a useful platform for design and
analysis of communication links. This report describes the communication link with respect to
Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV).
In civil aviation, a data-link system (known as Controller Pilot Data Link Communications) is used
to send information between aircraft and air traffic controllers when an aircraft is too far from the
ATC to make voice radio communication and radar observations possible (Telemetry). This system
uses the aircraft's flight management computer to send location, speed and altitude information about
the aircraft to the ATC. ATC can then send messages to the aircraft regarding any necessary change
of course (Tele-command). In military aviation, a data-link may also carry weapons targeting
information or information to help warplanes land on aircraft carriers.
The communication going from an aircraft to ground is called a downlink and when it is going from
ground to an aircraft it is called uplink.
II.CHANNELMODELLING
Communication between a transmitter and receiver is largely dependent on the propagation channel
characteristics between them. Hence, there is a need to create accurate generalized models to
characterize the propagation channel. The propagation channel is usually characterized in a statistical
manner based on measurements.
II.A Elements of statistical channel model
Statistical models are required to characterize the propagation channel for system design. These
models can be broadly classified into three categories based on the phenomenon which they
characterize.
Large scale path loss models are used to estimate the average signal strength for a given
2. International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)
Volume 1,Issue 6,June 2014, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470 , print-ISSN:2348-6406
@IJAERD-2014, All rights Reserved 2
distance (electrically large) between the transmitter and the receiver.
Shadowing model is used to estimate the attenuation of the signal due to electrically large
obstacles.
Small scale models are used to predict the fading characteristics, i.e. the fluctuation of the
field strengths in the near vicinity of the receiver for very short distances.
.
Figure 1 : Different types of fading channel
III.SIMULINK
Simulink is a block diagram environment for multi domain simulation and Model-Based Design. It
supports system-level design, simulation, automatic code generation, and continuous test and
verification of embedded systems. A Model-Based Design improves the product quality and reduces
development time by 50% or more. Simulink and add-on products enable Event-Based Modeling,
Physical Modeling, Control System Design and Analysis, Signal Processing and Communications,
Code Generation, Rapid Prototyping and HIL Simulation, Verification, Validation, and Test,
Simulation Graphics and Reporting.
III.A Realization of Data link and Video link
Figure 2: SIMULINK model for data link
III.A.1Description Of The Blocks Used in Realizing the model
Input simulation
For Data link - A uniform random data generated from Simulink model is used as the information
3. International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)
Volume 1,Issue 6,June 2014, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470 , print-ISSN:2348-6406
@IJAERD-2014, All rights Reserved 3
being transmitted.
For Video link - The From Multimedia File block reads audio samples, video frames, or both from a
multimedia file. The block imports data from the file into a Simulink model.
Setting up of Sample Rates
The sample rate that the block uses depends on the audio and video sample rate. While the FMMF
block operates at a single rate in Simulink, the underlying audio and video streams can produce
different rates. In some cases, when the block outputs both audio and video, makes a small
adjustment to video rate.
Source block parameters: from multimedia
Figure 3 : configuration block from multimedia file
File name:
Specify the name of the multimedia file from which to read. The block determines the type of file
(audio and video, audio only, or video only) and provides the associated parameters. If the location
of the file does not appear on your MATLAB path, use the Browse button to specify the full path.
Otherwise, if the location of this file appears on your MATLAB path, enter only the file name. On
Windows platforms, this parameter supports URLs that point to MMS (Microsoft Media Server)
streams.
Inherit sample time from file:
Select the Inherit sample time from file check box if you want the block sample time to be the
same as the multimedia file. If you clear this check box, enter the block sample time in the Desired
sample time parameter field. The file that the From Multimedia File block references, determines the
block default sample time. You can also set the sample time for this block manually. If you do not
know the intended sample rate of the video, let the block inherit the sample rate from the multimedia
file.
Desired sample time:
Specify the block sample time. This parameter becomes available if you clear the Inherit sample
time from file check box.
Number of times to play file:
Enter a positive integer or inf to represent the number of times to play the file.
4. International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)
Volume 1,Issue 6,June 2014, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470 , print-ISSN:2348-6406
@IJAERD-2014, All rights Reserved 4
Figure 4: SIMULINK Model for Video link
Output end-of-file indicator
Use this check box to determine whether the output is the last video frame or audio sample in the
multimedia file. When you select this check box, a Boolean output port labeled EOF appears on the
block. The output from the EOF port defaults to 1 when the last video frame or audio sample is
output from the block. Otherwise, the output from the EOF port defaults to 0.
Multimedia outputs
Specify Video and audio, Video only, or Audio only output file type. This parameter becomes
available only when a video signal has both audio and video.
Samples per audio channel
Specify number of samples per audio channel. This parameter becomes available for files containing
5. International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)
Volume 1,Issue 6,June 2014, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470 , print-ISSN:2348-6406
@IJAERD-2014, All rights Reserved 5
audio.
Convert image to double
The Image Data Type Conversion block changes the data type of the input to the user-specified data
type and scales the values to the new data type's dynamic range. To convert between data types
without scaling, use the Simulink Data Type Conversion block. When converting between floating-
point data types, the block casts the input into the output data type and clips values outside the range
to 0 or 1. When converting to the Boolean data type, the block maps 0 values to 0 and all other
values to one. When converting to or between all other data types, the block casts the input into the
output data type and scales the data type values into the dynamic range of the output data type. For
double and single precision floating-point data types, the dynamic range is between 0 and 1. For
fixed-point data types, the dynamic range is between the minimum and maximum values that can be
represented by the data type.
Figure 5 : Image data type conversion dialog box.
Output data type
Use this parameter to specify the data type of your output signal.
IV.RESULT
IV.A Data link
To evaluate the data link Bit Error Rate was the parameter. For an SNR of 25dB, the BER is plotted
in the Figure 6.
BER
