LNG is becoming the preferred way to transport natural gas over long distances, with the number of importing countries expected to reach 50 by the mid-2020s, up from fewer than 10 in 2000. In 2018, wind, solar PV and bioenergy provided 11% of electricity in G20 countries while nuclear provided 12% and hydro 16%. There are four key opportunities to scale up hydrogen between now and 2030 to help meet energy security and decarbonization goals. Worldwide improvements in energy efficiency are slowing, despite significant untapped potential, and stronger action is imperative.

1. IEA 2019. All rights reserved.
G20 Ministerial:
Energy Ministers Session
Dr. Fatih Birol,
Executive Director, International Energy Agency
Karuizawa, 15 June 2019

2. 2IEA 2019. All rights reserved.
LNG is becoming the preferred way to move gas over long distances. In 2000, fewer than ten countries
were importing LNG. By the mid-2020s, the number of importing countries is set to reach fifty
LNG is spurring a second natural gas revolution
2018
765 bcm
2025
1 000 bcm
2000
525 bcm
Share of LNG in global long-distance trade
LNG
26%
Pipeline
LNG
45%
Pipeline
LNG
51%
Pipeline

3. 3IEA 2019. All rights reserved.
Nuclear HydroWind BioenergySolar PV
1 000
2 000
3 000
4 000
5 000TWh
Wind, solar PV and bioenergy provided 11% of electricity supply in G20 countries in 2018,
while nuclear power provided 12%, and hydro 16%
Clean electricity sources in G20 economies in 2018

4. 4IEA 2019. All rights reserved.
Four key opportunities for scaling up hydrogen to 2030

5. 5IEA 2019. All rights reserved.
2018 saw a worrying slowdown in energy efficiency progress despite IEA analysis showing huge untapped
potential remaining in all sectors. Stronger action on efficiency is imperative.
World energy efficiency improvements are slowing
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
2010-14 2015 2016 2017 2018

6. 6IEA 2019. All rights reserved.
Conclusions
• Rising LNG exports, led by the US, Canada and Australia, are diversifying gas supply and
providing a catalyst for a new, more liquid & secure global market
• Without additional lifetime extensions or new projects, nuclear capacity in mature markets
would decline by two-thirds by 2040
• Hydrogen could play an important role in meeting energy security & decarbonisation goals, if
the barriers it faces can be overcome – G20 leadership can be pivotal
• Energy efficiency needs to be the world’s very “first fuel”, but it is showing a worrying
slowdown in its progress
• The IEA will continue to focus on “all fuels and all technologies” to provide the G20 with the
world’s best energy data, independent & rigorous analysis & real-world solutions

7. 7IEA 2019. All rights reserved.
www.iea.org
IEA