The document outlines the research process for instructional design. It involves identifying instructional goals, gathering and analyzing learner information, writing performance objectives, developing assessments and instructional strategies, conducting formative evaluations to improve instruction, and a final summative evaluation to determine if the instruction achieved its desired results. The process is iterative, with revisions made based on evaluation findings to better meet learner needs.

1. Research in the ID Process
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2. Identify Instructional Goal(s)
Gather
information
Analyze
information
Summarize
findings
Research Process
• Gather information to identify gap between current and target learning/performance goals, e.g.,
employee records, interviews, surveys.
• Analyze information to determine if instruction will address the problem
• .Summarize findings to describe a plan of action to achieve instructional goals or an alternate plan if
instruction is not needed.
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3. Conduct Instructional Analysis
Identify performance
gaps
Gather data
Analyze data
Research Process
• Gather Learner characteristics data, e.g., employee records, interviews, surveys.
• Analyze data to find most common characteristics, e.g., reading levels, cultural background, past
experience.
• Use results as basis for design/development decisions to meet learner needs.
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4. Analyze Learners and Contexts
Learners goals
Instructional
setting
Attitudes
Research Process
• Analysis of the leaners to determine their current skills, preferences, and attitudes
• Identify the contextual characteristics of the instructional setting
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5. Write Performance Objectives
Describe skills or
behaviors
Describe
conditions
Describe
criteria
Research Process
• Identify skills learned
• Anticipate conditions under which the skills will be performed
• Determine criteria for successful performance
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6. Develop Assessment Instruments
Ability to perform
Objectives and
measures
Identify learner's
progress
Research Process
• Development assessments that measure the learners' ability to perform objectives
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7. Develop Instructional Strategy
Develop
strategies
Create a
blueprint
Performance
objectives
Research Process
• Identify the strategy used in instruction to achieve the objective
• Use data from activities, feedback, and testing
• Analyze characteristics of the leaners and the medium will be used in developing a strategy for
instruction development.
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8. Develop and Select Instructional
Materials
Instructional
strategies
Produce
instruction
Reuse material
Research Process
• Determine the instructional materials that will be used or created based on your instructional
strategy
• Identify existing material that can be used
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9. Design and Conduct Formative
Evaluation of Instruction
Collect data
Formative
Evaluation
Prototypes
Research Process
• Identify how to improve the instruction
• Conduct one to-one, small-group, and field evaluations
• Analyze Interviews from students
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10. Revise Instruction
Examine the
validity
Analyze data
Identify
difficulties
Research Process
• Summarize data collected during the formative evaluation
• Identify difficulties experienced by learners
• Identify where specific difficulties were from in the instruction
• Assess the validity of the assumptions made about the learners behavior and characteristics
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11. Design and Conduct Summative
Evaluation
Effectiveness as a
whole
Culminating
evaluation
Desired results
achieved
Research Process
• Evaluation can be small or large scaled
• Conducted after a formative stage
• Identify if the instruction worked
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