The document discusses the Indian Dental Association (IDA) and Dental Council of India (DCI). The IDA is a professional organization for dentists with national, state, and local branches. It aims to advance dental sciences and encourage public health programs. The DCI is the supreme governing body for dentistry in India, established in 1949 under the Dentists Act. It sets regulations for dental education and recognizes dental degrees awarded by universities.
This presentation features the various measures which can be undertaken to prevent pit and fissure caries to develop i an otherwise healthy oral environment. The use of pit and fissure sealants is emphasised in case of deep pits and fissures.
This presentation features the various measures which can be undertaken to prevent pit and fissure caries to develop i an otherwise healthy oral environment. The use of pit and fissure sealants is emphasised in case of deep pits and fissures.
This presentation specifically deals with the maxillary and mandibular Major connectors used in a cast partial denture. it also mentions the uses, advantages and disadvantages of each,
The wasting diseases of teeth, namely attrition, abrasion and dental erosion have taken their toll in the population around the world due to the changing lifestyles, increase in the stress levels and many others factors that were persistent earlier but have suddenly increased drastically. This presentation brings to light the new factors that have attributed to this condition as well as discusses the previous ones.
Teeth don’t possess regenerative ability found in most other tissues. Therefore, once enamel & dentin are lost as a result of caries, trauma or wear, restorative material must be used, to reestablish form & function.
Teeth require preparation to receive restoration & these preparations must be based on fundamental principles, which are discussed in this presentation, from which basic criteria can be developed to help predict the success of prosthodontic treatment.
This presentation specifically deals with the maxillary and mandibular Major connectors used in a cast partial denture. it also mentions the uses, advantages and disadvantages of each,
The wasting diseases of teeth, namely attrition, abrasion and dental erosion have taken their toll in the population around the world due to the changing lifestyles, increase in the stress levels and many others factors that were persistent earlier but have suddenly increased drastically. This presentation brings to light the new factors that have attributed to this condition as well as discusses the previous ones.
Teeth don’t possess regenerative ability found in most other tissues. Therefore, once enamel & dentin are lost as a result of caries, trauma or wear, restorative material must be used, to reestablish form & function.
Teeth require preparation to receive restoration & these preparations must be based on fundamental principles, which are discussed in this presentation, from which basic criteria can be developed to help predict the success of prosthodontic treatment.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
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3. CONTENTSCONTENTS
1)1) What is the purpose of the association?What is the purpose of the association?
2)2) What is the difference between the union &What is the difference between the union &
the association?the association?
3)3) Establishment of IDAEstablishment of IDA
A.A. All India Dental Association 1946.All India Dental Association 1946.
B.B. Changed to Indian – 1966.Changed to Indian – 1966.
4. 4)4) IDA head office consists of:IDA head office consists of:
One presidentOne president
Editor of IDA journalEditor of IDA journal
One secretary CDHOne secretary CDH
One treasurerOne treasurer
One honorary assistant general secretaryOne honorary assistant general secretary
One honorary general secretaryOne honorary general secretary
Three vice presidentsThree vice presidents
One immediate past presidentOne immediate past president
One president electOne president elect
5. 5)5) Organizational structure of IDAOrganizational structure of IDA
National levelNational level
Local level branchesLocal level branches
State level branchState level branch
6. Member of IDAMember of IDA
DMDMDirect memberDirect member
Student memberStudent member --
LL
MM
Life memberLife member
Annual memberAnnual member
Different categoriesDifferent categories Status codeStatus code
7. Aims and Objectives of IDAAims and Objectives of IDA
1.1. Promotion, encouragement andPromotion, encouragement and
advancement of dental allied sciences.advancement of dental allied sciences.
2.2. Encourage the members to involve in publicEncourage the members to involve in public
health programmes.health programmes.
3.3. To maintain the honour and dignity andTo maintain the honour and dignity and
upholding the interest of the profession.upholding the interest of the profession.
8. Functions of IDAFunctions of IDA
Holding the annual conference at nationalHolding the annual conference at national
level, state level and at local branch level.level, state level and at local branch level.
In the annual conferences, the participantsIn the annual conferences, the participants
present scientific papers on various topics,present scientific papers on various topics,
expressing their views and narrate theexpressing their views and narrate the
experiences.experiences.
To conduct programmes for continuingTo conduct programmes for continuing
dental health education programmes,dental health education programmes,
seminars hands on training, lectures, penalseminars hands on training, lectures, penal
discussions etc.discussions etc.
9. To conduct school dental health checkupsTo conduct school dental health checkups
and dental treatment camps.and dental treatment camps.
To conduct dental health educationTo conduct dental health education
programmes for school children and to theprogrammes for school children and to the
public to create awareness about dentalpublic to create awareness about dental
health. So that they can improve their oralhealth. So that they can improve their oral
health.health.
10. IDA published monthly journals areIDA published monthly journals are
circulated to all the members at free of cost.circulated to all the members at free of cost.
To conduct dental treatment and screeningTo conduct dental treatment and screening
camps in association with NGO’s and othercamps in association with NGO’s and other
voluntary organizations like rotary, lionsvoluntary organizations like rotary, lions
etc. in rural areas.etc. in rural areas.
12. 1. What is the need to know the DCI ?1. What is the need to know the DCI ?
We the professionals, we must know the ethicsWe the professionals, we must know the ethics
of our profession, rules, regulation andof our profession, rules, regulation and
administration. These regulations are framedadministration. These regulations are framed
by the Dental Council of India.by the Dental Council of India.
13. 2. When DCI come in to force ?2. When DCI come in to force ?
The Dental Council of India in the supremeThe Dental Council of India in the supreme
governing body of the dental profession ingoverning body of the dental profession in
India. The Dentist Act 1948 stands ourIndia. The Dentist Act 1948 stands our
important land mark in the history of dentalimportant land mark in the history of dental
profession and dental health education inprofession and dental health education in
India. The act came into force on 29India. The act came into force on 29thth
March,March,
1948 and dental council of India was1948 and dental council of India was
accordingly constituted on 12accordingly constituted on 12thth
April, 1949.April, 1949.
14. 3. Who are the members of the DCI ?3. Who are the members of the DCI ?
Members of DCIMembers of DCI
1.1. Four head of the institution from theFour head of the institution from the
colleges recognized by the DCI.colleges recognized by the DCI.
2.2. One member from the Medical Council ofOne member from the Medical Council of
India.India.
3.3. One member is nominated by the StateOne member is nominated by the State
Government.Government.
15. 5.5. Six members are nominated by GovernmentSix members are nominated by Government
of India. Out of six members, four membersof India. Out of six members, four members
are from Part A and 2 members are fromare from Part A and 2 members are from
Part B.Part B.
4.4. One member is nominated by the UniversityOne member is nominated by the University
recognized by DCI.recognized by DCI.
16. Executive Committee of DCIExecutive Committee of DCI
4.4. One Ex-official member is Director GeneralOne Ex-official member is Director General
of health services.of health services.
1.1. President – OnePresident – One
2.2. Vice-President – OneVice-President – One
3.3. Five members are selected by among DCIFive members are selected by among DCI
members.members.
17. Functions of DCIFunctions of DCI
1.1. DCI is charged with responsibilities forDCI is charged with responsibilities for
according recognition to the dental degreesaccording recognition to the dental degrees
awarded by various universities and alsoawarded by various universities and also
maintaining the uniform standard of dentalmaintaining the uniform standard of dental
education in the country.education in the country.
2.2. The council inspects the various institutionsThe council inspects the various institutions
and bring the deficiencies observed to theand bring the deficiencies observed to the
notice of authority concerned for suitablenotice of authority concerned for suitable
recommendations.recommendations.
18. 3.3. Before starting the dental college or P.GBefore starting the dental college or P.G
dental department, it should essentiallydental department, it should essentially
fulfill the certain requirement in respect offulfill the certain requirement in respect of
staff, library, equipment and building etc.staff, library, equipment and building etc.
4.4. Before according recognition DCI sendsBefore according recognition DCI sends
inspectors to assess the standard ofinspectors to assess the standard of
examination where 1examination where 1stst
batch of B.D.S. andbatch of B.D.S. and
M.D.S. students take their final examination.M.D.S. students take their final examination.
19. 5.5. It prescribes the experience required forIt prescribes the experience required for
appropriate resignation of the teachingappropriate resignation of the teaching
staff.staff.
6.6. The recognition awarded by the universitiesThe recognition awarded by the universities
of other countries is after going through theof other countries is after going through the
curriculum syllabus, credit hours andcurriculum syllabus, credit hours and
duration of the course.duration of the course.
7.7. Without prior permission of the DCI, noWithout prior permission of the DCI, no
dental college can start functioning.dental college can start functioning.
20. 9.9. The candidate should complete the age ofThe candidate should complete the age of
17 years at the time of admission to B.D.S.17 years at the time of admission to B.D.S.
course or will complete the age on 31course or will complete the age on 31stst
December of the year of his admission.December of the year of his admission.
8.8. No dental college is permitted to start P.GNo dental college is permitted to start P.G
course unless and until the DCI hascourse unless and until the DCI has
satisfied itself through inspection.satisfied itself through inspection.
21. 10.10.Duration of the B.D.S. course will be fourDuration of the B.D.S. course will be four
years followed by one year paid rotatoryyears followed by one year paid rotatory
internship in the dental colleges.internship in the dental colleges.
For M.B.B.S. degree holders the duration ofFor M.B.B.S. degree holders the duration of
the course will be two years.the course will be two years.
22. Dental CurriculumDental Curriculum
The aim and objective of the curriculum is toThe aim and objective of the curriculum is to
produce a dentist who is socially acceptableproduce a dentist who is socially acceptable
and is able to work safely and efficiently onand is able to work safely and efficiently on
patients to diagnosis, prevention andpatients to diagnosis, prevention and
treatment of dental and oral diseases.treatment of dental and oral diseases.
Ethical rules for dentists prescribed byEthical rules for dentists prescribed by
DCIDCI
Practice of dentistry section 2 (D) of DentistPractice of dentistry section 2 (D) of Dentist
Act 1948 defines the practice of dentistry asAct 1948 defines the practice of dentistry as
follows.follows.