Rotary endodontic system, protaper feachers and techniques

1. Rotary SystemRotary System
for Endodonticfor Endodontic
TreatmentTreatment
Ishik University
Facultu of Denistry
Endodontic department
Rizgar Saeed Hangaw Tariq

2. Rotary system
• nickle-titaninm rotary files substantially
simplify root canal preparation,particularly
in curved and restricted canals

3. Nickel Titanium
55% nickel & 45% titanium
Advantages
• Shape memory
• Super elasticity
• Low modulus of elasticity
• Corrosion resistant
• Softer
• Good resiliency
• Biocompatibility.

4. Disadvantages
• Poor cutting efficiency.
• Do not show signs of fatigue before they
fracture.
• Poor resistance to fracture as compared to
stainless steel.

5. Guidelines
• Frequently clean & inspect files
• Use only in well irrigated canals
• Never force instruments
• Don’t Start and Stop
• Prepare with hand files up to size #20 prior to
rotary use
• Determine exact working length
• Recommended speed is
150 to 350 rpm

6. Conclusions :
Under the conditions of this ex vivo study all Ni–Ti systems
maintained the canal curvature, were associated with few
instrument fractures and were more rapid than a
standardized manual technique. ProTaper instruments
created more regular canal diameters.

7. Understanding torque and cyclic fatigue
• The most common factors that can result in file separation are excessive
force (torque) and the build-up of cyclic fatigue (metal fatigue). Torque is
a result of a twisting motion, similar to twisting a pencil in opposite
directions. We actually can see excessive torque as an unwinding of a
rotary file. Naturally, when we see this, we immediately discard the
instrument. Cyclic fatigue, on the other hand, cannot be seen. It is, in
fact, insidious. It is a result of a repetitive bending motion, similar to
bending a clothes hanger. Cyclic fatigue accumulates to a point where
the next bend will separate the instrument. The only way to monitor cyclic
fatigue is to discard an instrument after it has been used in a
troublesome canal or tooth.
• It has been our experience that rotary files that separate in the apical 1 to
3 mm are usually the result of excessive torque. Files that separate
higher up on the shank, such as 5 to 6 mm are the result of cyclic fatigue.
Additionally, those separations that are immediate or involve large sizes
such as a # 35 / .06 taper file are generally a result of accumulated cyclic
fatigue.

8. Many Rotary systems are
Available in the market
• 1- System GT( Buchanan, Tulsa Dental
• 2-Protaper (Dent)
• 3-Profile (Dentsply)
• 4-Ra Ce (Schotlander)
• 5-K3 (Sybron Keer

9. Protaper File
• It was introduced by D Cliff Ruddle, Dr
Johan West, Ben John and Dr Pierre.
• Protaper means progressively taper.
•NiTi

10. Tapering
• The progressively tapered design
improves flexibility,
Cutting efficiency and
the safety of these files .
• Change percentage of taper over the
length of cutting blades (unique feature ).

11. Tip
•modified guiding tip.
• rounded, non-cutting, and parabolicshaped
tip.
Better follow the canal.
loose debris into
the intrablade flutes.

12. • Variable tip diameters of ProTaper file
allows it to have specific cutting action in
defines area of canal without stressing
instrument in other sections.

13. helical angle
Changing helical angle over its cutting
blades which
 reduces the instrument from screwing into
the canal and
 allows better removal of debris.

14. Active Motion
It acts in active motion.
increases its efficiency.
Reduces torsional strain.
Length of file handle
Reduced from 15 to 12.5 mm
Allows better access in posterior areas.
K-file

15. Benefits of design:
• Increased flexibility
• Each instrument produces its
own 'crown down effect' as larger
tapers make way for smaller
tapers.
• Protaper files engage a smaller
area of dentine reducing torsional
loads and file fatigue

16. Crown down technique
• Corono-apical technique
• Introduced recently and
gaining popularity.
• Starts with largest
instruments.
• Shapes coronal 1/3rd initially.
• Commonly uses rotary files.

17. Protaper FilesProtaper Files
The ProTaper system
consists of just three
shaping and five finishing
files

18. Protaper Configuration
• Three Shaping files----------SX,S1,&S2
• Three finishing files---------F1,F2, F3+
• Accessory finishing files F4&F5
All files available in
21mm , 25 mm and 31 mm lengths.

19. Cross-Section
• Convex triangular.
• Decreases friction between blades of file
and canal wall.
• Increasing its cutting efficiency.

20. S-1 and S-2 Files
Shaping Files-1 is designed to prepare the coronal
1/3 of the canal, whereas.
Shaping file S-2 enlarges and prepares the
middle third in addition to the coronal critical
coronal region of the apical third

21. Canal Preparation
1. Fill the pulp chamber with either Glyde or Sodium
Hypochlorite(NaOCL) for all initial negotiation
procedures.
2. Fined out the canal orifices then insert hand file NO.10
and 15 using a reciprocating back and forth motion.
Work those instruments passively and progressively
until they are loose
Small files confirm the presence or absence of straight line access and
reveal information regarding the diameter and anatomy of a canal

22. 3-Re- Irrigate, Recapitulate with hand file K10
3- Using S1to remove the crown ledge in brushing
motion for better straight line access. Complete
finishing the coronal area this accomplished when
a Light resistance is encountered

23. • 4- Re irrigate, recapitulate using file K10 to
negotiate the rest of the canal and
establish patency then use hand file K15
to confirm working length and verify a
glide path

24. • 5-Use S1 to full length it will go easily
once it reaches withdraw it . We should
never force any rotary instrument

25. • Shaping file S-2 is now used to full
working length. Once it reaches remove
,Irrigate, reciprocate and re irrigate
• Now The Coronal and 2/3 of root canal are
prepared

26. Finishing Stage
• With the canal flooded with irrigant,work F-
1(yeallow20) to full working length in one or two
canals.
• If the F-1 ceases to advance deeper into the
canal , remove the file .clear its blades ,then
continue with its use until until it reaches the full
length .
• Irrigate ,reciprocate ,re- irrigate

27. Finishing files.
• They are F-1, F-2 and F-3+ Accessory
files F-4,F-5 have been designed to plane
away the variations in canal diameter in
the apical one-third.
• F-1,F-2,F-3 have tip diameters (Do)of ISO
sizes 20,25, and 30, respectively.

28. • Following the use of F1, if the #20 K-file is loose at
length, then gauge the size of the foramen with a 25/ 02
tapered K-file. If the #25 file is snug at length, then the
canal is fully shaped and ready to fill.
• file is loose at length, then use an alternative NiTi rotary
files or manual files to finish the apical extent of these
larger, easier and more straightforward canals. ProTaper
shapes are easy to fill utilizing a ProTaper matching
gutta percha master cone in conjunction with a warm
vertical condensation technique.

29. Accessory Files
• F-4, F-5 Files are added under the name
Protaper universal these files have tip
diameters (D(of ISO sizes 40and 50
tapers

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