This document summarizes a paper presented at the 2023 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics. The paper proposes a novel interference mitigation technique and signal prediction method for future wireless communication. It discusses using IDMA (interleaved division multiple access) which improves error rate performance by suppressing interference. It also evaluates using Elliot wave theory to predict mobile signal strength without requiring extra hardware. Simulation results show IDMA with space-time transmit diversity and 256 quantization levels achieves a 10^-4 bit error rate at -0.5 dB. The paper concludes IDMA is a promising technology but further research is needed to explore its potential.
Particle Swarm Optimization–Long Short-Term Memory based Channel Estimation w...IJCNCJournal
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) helps to overcome various difficulties in future technology wireless communications. NOMA, when utilized with millimeter wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, channel estimation becomes extremely difficult. For reaping the benefits of the NOMA and mm-Wave combination, effective channel estimation is required. In this paper, we propose an enhanced particle swarm optimization based long short-term memory estimator network (PSOLSTMEstNet), which is a neural network model that can be employed to forecast the bandwidth required in the mm-Wave MIMO network. The prime advantage of the LSTM is that it has the capability of dynamically adapting to the functioning pattern of fluctuating channel state. The LSTM stage with adaptive coding and modulation enhances the BER.PSO algorithm is employed to optimize input weights of LSTM network. The modified algorithm splits the power by channel condition of every single user. Participants will be first sorted into distinct groups depending upon respective channel conditions, using a hybrid beamforming approach. The network characteristics are fine-estimated using PSO-LSTMEstNet after a rough approximation of channels parameters derived from the received data.
PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION–LONG SHORTTERM MEMORY BASED CHANNEL ESTIMATION WI...IJCNCJournal
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) helps to overcome various difficulties in future technology wireless communications. NOMA, when utilized with millimeter wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, channel estimation becomes extremely difficult. For reaping the benefits of the NOMA and mm-Wave combination, effective channel estimation is required. In this paper, we propose an enhanced particle swarm optimization based long short-term memory estimator network (PSOLSTMEstNet), which is a neural network model that can be employed to forecast the bandwidth required in the mm-Wave MIMO network. The prime advantage of the LSTM is that it has the capability of dynamically adapting to the functioning pattern of fluctuating channel state. The LSTM stage with adaptive coding and modulation enhances the BER.PSO algorithm is employed to optimize input weights of LSTM network. The modified algorithm splits the power by channel condition of every single user. Participants will be first sorted into distinct groups depending upon respective channel conditions, using a hybrid beamforming approach. The network characteristics are fine-estimated using PSO-LSTMEstNet after a rough approximation of channels parameters derived from the received data
Analysis of System Capacity and Spectral Efficiency of Fixed-Grid NetworkIJCNCJournal
In this article, the performance of a fixed grid network is examined for various modulation formats to estimate the system's capacity and spectral efficiency. The optical In-phase Quadrature Modulator (IQM) structure is used to build a fixed grid network modulation, and the homodyne detection approach is used for the receiver. Data multiplexing is accomplished using the Polarization Division Multiplexed (PDM) technology. 100 Gbps, 150 Gbps, and 200 Gbps data rates are transmitted under these circumstances utilizing various modulation formats. Various pre-processing and signal recovery steps are explained by using modern digital signal processing systems. The achieved spectrum efficiencies for PM-QPSK, PM-8 QAM, and PM-16 QAM, respectively, were 2, 3, and 4 (bits/s)/Hz. Different modulation like PM-QPSK, PM-8-QAM, and PM-16-QAM each has system capacities of 8-9, 12-13.5, and 16-18 Tbps and it reaches transmission distances of 3000, 1300, and 700 kilometers with acceptable Bit Error Rate (BER≤ 2× 10-3) respectively. Peak optical power for received signal detection and full width at half maximum is noted for the different modulations under a fixed grind network.
Multicarrier modulation can be implemented by using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) to achieve utmost bandwidth exploitation and soaring alleviation attributes profile besides multipath fading. To support delay sensitive and band bandwidth demanding multimedia applications and internet services, MIMO in addition with other techniques can be used to achieve high capacity and reliability. To obtain high spatial rate by transmitting data on several antennas by using MIMO with OFDM results in reducing error recovery features and the equalization complexities arise by sending data on varying frequency levels. Three parameters frequency OFDM, Spatial (MIMO) and time (STC) can be used to achieve diversity in MIMO-OFDM. This technique is dynamic and well-known for services of wireless broadband access. MIMO if used with OFDM is highly beneficial for each scheme and provides high throughput. There are several space time block codes to exploit MIMO OFDM; one of the techniques is called Alamouti Codes. The paper investigates adaptive Alamouti Codes and their application in IEEE 802.11n.
Analysis of System Capacity and Spectral Efficiency of Fixed-Grid NetworkIJCNCJournal
In this article, the performance of a fixed grid network is examined for various modulation formats to estimate the system's capacity and spectral efficiency. The optical In-phase Quadrature Modulator (IQM) structure is used to build a fixed grid network modulation, and the homodyne detection approach is used for the receiver. Data multiplexing is accomplished using the Polarization Division Multiplexed (PDM) technology. 100 Gbps, 150 Gbps, and 200 Gbps data rates are transmitted under these circumstances utilizing various modulation formats. Various pre-processing and signal recovery steps are explained by using modern digital signal processing systems. The achieved spectrum efficiencies for PM-QPSK, PM-8 QAM, and PM-16 QAM, respectively, were 2, 3, and 4 (bits/s)/Hz. Different modulation like PM-QPSK, PM-8-QAM, and PM-16-QAM each has system capacities of 8-9, 12-13.5, and 16-18 Tbps and it reaches transmission distances of 3000, 1300, and 700 kilometers with acceptable Bit Error Rate (BER≤ 2× 10-3) respectively. Peak optical power for received signal detection and full width at half maximum is noted for the different modulations under a fixed grind network.
Particle Swarm Optimization–Long Short-Term Memory based Channel Estimation w...IJCNCJournal
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) helps to overcome various difficulties in future technology wireless communications. NOMA, when utilized with millimeter wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, channel estimation becomes extremely difficult. For reaping the benefits of the NOMA and mm-Wave combination, effective channel estimation is required. In this paper, we propose an enhanced particle swarm optimization based long short-term memory estimator network (PSOLSTMEstNet), which is a neural network model that can be employed to forecast the bandwidth required in the mm-Wave MIMO network. The prime advantage of the LSTM is that it has the capability of dynamically adapting to the functioning pattern of fluctuating channel state. The LSTM stage with adaptive coding and modulation enhances the BER.PSO algorithm is employed to optimize input weights of LSTM network. The modified algorithm splits the power by channel condition of every single user. Participants will be first sorted into distinct groups depending upon respective channel conditions, using a hybrid beamforming approach. The network characteristics are fine-estimated using PSO-LSTMEstNet after a rough approximation of channels parameters derived from the received data.
PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION–LONG SHORTTERM MEMORY BASED CHANNEL ESTIMATION WI...IJCNCJournal
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) helps to overcome various difficulties in future technology wireless communications. NOMA, when utilized with millimeter wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, channel estimation becomes extremely difficult. For reaping the benefits of the NOMA and mm-Wave combination, effective channel estimation is required. In this paper, we propose an enhanced particle swarm optimization based long short-term memory estimator network (PSOLSTMEstNet), which is a neural network model that can be employed to forecast the bandwidth required in the mm-Wave MIMO network. The prime advantage of the LSTM is that it has the capability of dynamically adapting to the functioning pattern of fluctuating channel state. The LSTM stage with adaptive coding and modulation enhances the BER.PSO algorithm is employed to optimize input weights of LSTM network. The modified algorithm splits the power by channel condition of every single user. Participants will be first sorted into distinct groups depending upon respective channel conditions, using a hybrid beamforming approach. The network characteristics are fine-estimated using PSO-LSTMEstNet after a rough approximation of channels parameters derived from the received data
Analysis of System Capacity and Spectral Efficiency of Fixed-Grid NetworkIJCNCJournal
In this article, the performance of a fixed grid network is examined for various modulation formats to estimate the system's capacity and spectral efficiency. The optical In-phase Quadrature Modulator (IQM) structure is used to build a fixed grid network modulation, and the homodyne detection approach is used for the receiver. Data multiplexing is accomplished using the Polarization Division Multiplexed (PDM) technology. 100 Gbps, 150 Gbps, and 200 Gbps data rates are transmitted under these circumstances utilizing various modulation formats. Various pre-processing and signal recovery steps are explained by using modern digital signal processing systems. The achieved spectrum efficiencies for PM-QPSK, PM-8 QAM, and PM-16 QAM, respectively, were 2, 3, and 4 (bits/s)/Hz. Different modulation like PM-QPSK, PM-8-QAM, and PM-16-QAM each has system capacities of 8-9, 12-13.5, and 16-18 Tbps and it reaches transmission distances of 3000, 1300, and 700 kilometers with acceptable Bit Error Rate (BER≤ 2× 10-3) respectively. Peak optical power for received signal detection and full width at half maximum is noted for the different modulations under a fixed grind network.
Multicarrier modulation can be implemented by using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) to achieve utmost bandwidth exploitation and soaring alleviation attributes profile besides multipath fading. To support delay sensitive and band bandwidth demanding multimedia applications and internet services, MIMO in addition with other techniques can be used to achieve high capacity and reliability. To obtain high spatial rate by transmitting data on several antennas by using MIMO with OFDM results in reducing error recovery features and the equalization complexities arise by sending data on varying frequency levels. Three parameters frequency OFDM, Spatial (MIMO) and time (STC) can be used to achieve diversity in MIMO-OFDM. This technique is dynamic and well-known for services of wireless broadband access. MIMO if used with OFDM is highly beneficial for each scheme and provides high throughput. There are several space time block codes to exploit MIMO OFDM; one of the techniques is called Alamouti Codes. The paper investigates adaptive Alamouti Codes and their application in IEEE 802.11n.
Analysis of System Capacity and Spectral Efficiency of Fixed-Grid NetworkIJCNCJournal
In this article, the performance of a fixed grid network is examined for various modulation formats to estimate the system's capacity and spectral efficiency. The optical In-phase Quadrature Modulator (IQM) structure is used to build a fixed grid network modulation, and the homodyne detection approach is used for the receiver. Data multiplexing is accomplished using the Polarization Division Multiplexed (PDM) technology. 100 Gbps, 150 Gbps, and 200 Gbps data rates are transmitted under these circumstances utilizing various modulation formats. Various pre-processing and signal recovery steps are explained by using modern digital signal processing systems. The achieved spectrum efficiencies for PM-QPSK, PM-8 QAM, and PM-16 QAM, respectively, were 2, 3, and 4 (bits/s)/Hz. Different modulation like PM-QPSK, PM-8-QAM, and PM-16-QAM each has system capacities of 8-9, 12-13.5, and 16-18 Tbps and it reaches transmission distances of 3000, 1300, and 700 kilometers with acceptable Bit Error Rate (BER≤ 2× 10-3) respectively. Peak optical power for received signal detection and full width at half maximum is noted for the different modulations under a fixed grind network.
Optical network is an emerging technology for data communication
inworldwide. The information is transmitted from the source to destination
through the fiber optics. All optical network (AON) provides good
transmission transparency, good expandability, large bandwidth, lower bit
error rate (BER), and high processing speed. Link failure and node failure
haveconsistently occurred in the traditional methods. In order to overcome
the above mentioned issues, this paper proposes a robust software defined
switching enabled fault localization framework (SDSFLF) to monitor the
node and link failure in an AON. In this work, a novel faulty node
localization (FNL) algorithm is exploited to locate the faulty node. Then, the
software defined faulty link detection (SDFLD) algorithm that addresses the
problem of link failure. The failures are localized in multi traffic stream
(MTS) and multi agent system (MAS). Thus, the throughput is improved in
SDSFLF compared than other existing methods like traditional routing and
wavelength assignment (RWA), simulated annealing (SA) algorithm, attackaware RWA (A-RWA) convex, longest path first (LPF) ordering, and
biggest source-destination node degree (BND) ordering. The performance of
the proposed algorithm is evaluated in terms of network load, wavelength
utilization, packet loss rate, and burst loss rate. Hence, proposed SDSFLF
assures that high performance is achieved than other traditional techniques.
A Review on Cooperative Communication Protocols in Wireless World ijwmn
Future generations of cellular communications requires higher data rates and a more reliable
transmission link with the growth of multimedia services, while keeping satisfactory quality of service, .
MIMO antenna systems have been considered as an efficient approach to address these demands by
offering significant multiplexing and diversity gains over single antenna systems without increasing
bandwidth and power. Although MIMO systems can unfold their huge benefit in cellular base stations,
but they may face limitations when it comes to their deployment in mobile handsets.
To overcome this drawback, relays (fixed or mobile terminals) can cooperate to improve the overall
system performance in cellular networks. Cooperative communications can efficiently combat the severity
of fading and shadowing through the assistance of relays. It has been found that using relays the capacity
and coverage of cellular networks can be extended without increasing mobile transmit power or
demanding extra bandwidth.
Combination of iterative IA precoding and IBDFE based Equalizer for MC-CDMAEditor IJMTER
Interference alignment (IA) Precoding is a generalization of beam forming to
support multi-stream (or multi-layer) transmission in multi-antenna wireless communications.
Another FDE receivers supported the iterative block decision-feedback equalization (IBDFE), that doesn't use cryptography inside the iterative method will expeditiously exploit the
inherent space-frequency diversity of the MC-CDMA systems. In this paper we have a
tendency to discuss the combination of Pseudo-random sequence generator based iterative IA
precoding and IBDFE based Equalizer for MC-CDMA systems. The using of this sequence
generator we will be able to generate efficient pulse thus the performance might be able to
increase the performance of the system. In receiver aspect, first a linear filter is employed to
cut back the inter-user aligned interference, and so associate iterative FDE receiver is meant
to expeditiously separate the abstraction streams within the presence of residual inter-user
aligned interference at the output of the filter. The IBDFE based receiver primarily wont to
scale back the inter-user aligned interference and overall mean sq. error (MSE) at every
subcarrier in MC-CDMA and additionally scale reduce the no of iterations at the transmitter.
In this system achieves the most degrees of freedom provided by the IA precoding, and also
provide high space-diversity gain.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Review Paper on MIMO-OFDM System Using Wimax Modelijtsrd
Nowadays, thanks to the remarkable progress in wireless technology, affordable wireless communication service has become a reality. Wireless communication systems can be found all around the world today. WiMAX which represents (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a major part of broad band wireless network having IEEE 802.16 standard provides innovative fixed as well as mobile platform for broad-band internet access anywhere in anytime. IEEE 802.16 standard has bandwidth of 2GHz-11GHz for fixed applications and 2-6GHz for mobile applications. It is considered the most interesting opportunity which is able to provide data throughput up to 70 Mbps and radio coverage distances of almost 50 kilometres, and to complete wired network architectures, ensuring a cheap flexible solution for the last-mile. WiMAX can be seen as the fourth generation (4G) of mobile communications systems, In this paper study on MIMO-OFDM System and review different paper on the based of WiMAX technology. Anokchand Rathod | Megha Gupta"Review Paper on MIMO-OFDM System Using Wimax Model" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14604.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/14604/review-paper-on-mimo-ofdm-system-using-wimax-model/anokchand-rathod
A New Bit Split and Interleaved Channel Coding for MIMO DecoderIJARBEST JOURNAL
Authors:-C. Amar Singh Feroz1, S. Karthikeyan2, K. Mala3
Abstract– In wireless communications, the use of multiple antennas at both the
transmitter and receiver is a key technology to enable high data transmission without
additional bandwidth or transmit power. MIMO schemes are widely used in many
wireless standards, allowing higher throughput using spatial multiplexing techniques.
Bit split mapping based on JDD is designed. Here ETI coding is used for encoding and
Viterbi is used for decoding. Experimental results for 16-QAM and 64 QAM with the
code rate of ½ and 1/3 codes are shown to verify the proposed approach and to elucidate
the design tradeoffs in terms the BER performance. This bit split mapping based JDD
algorithm can greatly improve BER performance with different system settings.
Energy-constrained Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have garnered significant research interest in
recent years. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), or Cooperative MIMO, represents a specialized
application of MIMO technology within WSNs. This approach operates effectively, especially in
challenging and resource-constrained environments. By facilitating collaboration among sensor nodes,
Cooperative MIMO enhances reliability, coverage, and energy efficiency in WSN deployments.
Consequently, MIMO finds application in diverse WSN scenarios, spanning environmental monitoring,
industrial automation, and healthcare applications.
TECHNIQUES IN PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF MOBILE WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM...Onyebuchi nosiri
Mobile wireless communication providers are expected by their numerous subscribers to provide network that can allow higher data rates, and good voice quality. However, this may be restricted due to some technical problems such as limited availability of radio frequency spectrum, bandwidth, channel capacity, geographical areas and transmission problems caused by various factors like fading and multipath distortion. All these lead to overall system performance degradation. This has led to various studies on how improvement on the performance of wireless communication can be realized using different techniques. This paper is a review of some scholarly works on this subject. To achieve this some recent scholarly articles were accessed online and their findings were highlighted. It was observed that all the articles reviewed had results drawn only from theoretical analysis. Based on this, one of the recommendations is that theoretical analysis should be supported with data obtained from carrying out RF measurements in the field where possible.
SCALABILITY CONCERNS OF CHIRP SPREAD SPECTRUM FOR LPWAN APPLICATIONSijasuc
Divergent modulation schemes have been proposed for the Internet of Things (IoT). Low Power Wide Area
Networks (LPWAN) technologies are gaining unprecedented acceptance in IoT application of sensor
networks. Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) is a prominent modulation technique proposed for LPWAN. Chirps
can traverse long distance and are resilient to noise and Doppler effects. Noise resilience along with
transmission range and low power requirement makes CSS a preferred modulation scheme for sensor
networks. LoRaWANTM, with its physical (PHY) layer using CSS, has emerged as the widely accepted
LPWAN solution. By using CSS modulation with orthogonal spreading factors (SF), LoRa offers wide
coverage to LPWAN applications while supporting a high volume of devices. However, scalability
performance of CSS has not been inadequately modeled. As with the suitability of the modulation scheme,
there are concerns on how chirps interact with the surrounding as the number of deployments bursts out
into higher volumes. We evaluate CSS at ISM band 868 MHz for spreading factor 7 to 12 at bandwidth 125
kHz for performance and scalability. Simultaneous transmissions were simulated with repeated iterations
and conclusions are arrived on collisions rate, packet error rate, and bit error. Suitability of using CSS for
sensor networks for future deployments is commended.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Optical network is an emerging technology for data communication
inworldwide. The information is transmitted from the source to destination
through the fiber optics. All optical network (AON) provides good
transmission transparency, good expandability, large bandwidth, lower bit
error rate (BER), and high processing speed. Link failure and node failure
haveconsistently occurred in the traditional methods. In order to overcome
the above mentioned issues, this paper proposes a robust software defined
switching enabled fault localization framework (SDSFLF) to monitor the
node and link failure in an AON. In this work, a novel faulty node
localization (FNL) algorithm is exploited to locate the faulty node. Then, the
software defined faulty link detection (SDFLD) algorithm that addresses the
problem of link failure. The failures are localized in multi traffic stream
(MTS) and multi agent system (MAS). Thus, the throughput is improved in
SDSFLF compared than other existing methods like traditional routing and
wavelength assignment (RWA), simulated annealing (SA) algorithm, attackaware RWA (A-RWA) convex, longest path first (LPF) ordering, and
biggest source-destination node degree (BND) ordering. The performance of
the proposed algorithm is evaluated in terms of network load, wavelength
utilization, packet loss rate, and burst loss rate. Hence, proposed SDSFLF
assures that high performance is achieved than other traditional techniques.
A Review on Cooperative Communication Protocols in Wireless World ijwmn
Future generations of cellular communications requires higher data rates and a more reliable
transmission link with the growth of multimedia services, while keeping satisfactory quality of service, .
MIMO antenna systems have been considered as an efficient approach to address these demands by
offering significant multiplexing and diversity gains over single antenna systems without increasing
bandwidth and power. Although MIMO systems can unfold their huge benefit in cellular base stations,
but they may face limitations when it comes to their deployment in mobile handsets.
To overcome this drawback, relays (fixed or mobile terminals) can cooperate to improve the overall
system performance in cellular networks. Cooperative communications can efficiently combat the severity
of fading and shadowing through the assistance of relays. It has been found that using relays the capacity
and coverage of cellular networks can be extended without increasing mobile transmit power or
demanding extra bandwidth.
Combination of iterative IA precoding and IBDFE based Equalizer for MC-CDMAEditor IJMTER
Interference alignment (IA) Precoding is a generalization of beam forming to
support multi-stream (or multi-layer) transmission in multi-antenna wireless communications.
Another FDE receivers supported the iterative block decision-feedback equalization (IBDFE), that doesn't use cryptography inside the iterative method will expeditiously exploit the
inherent space-frequency diversity of the MC-CDMA systems. In this paper we have a
tendency to discuss the combination of Pseudo-random sequence generator based iterative IA
precoding and IBDFE based Equalizer for MC-CDMA systems. The using of this sequence
generator we will be able to generate efficient pulse thus the performance might be able to
increase the performance of the system. In receiver aspect, first a linear filter is employed to
cut back the inter-user aligned interference, and so associate iterative FDE receiver is meant
to expeditiously separate the abstraction streams within the presence of residual inter-user
aligned interference at the output of the filter. The IBDFE based receiver primarily wont to
scale back the inter-user aligned interference and overall mean sq. error (MSE) at every
subcarrier in MC-CDMA and additionally scale reduce the no of iterations at the transmitter.
In this system achieves the most degrees of freedom provided by the IA precoding, and also
provide high space-diversity gain.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Review Paper on MIMO-OFDM System Using Wimax Modelijtsrd
Nowadays, thanks to the remarkable progress in wireless technology, affordable wireless communication service has become a reality. Wireless communication systems can be found all around the world today. WiMAX which represents (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a major part of broad band wireless network having IEEE 802.16 standard provides innovative fixed as well as mobile platform for broad-band internet access anywhere in anytime. IEEE 802.16 standard has bandwidth of 2GHz-11GHz for fixed applications and 2-6GHz for mobile applications. It is considered the most interesting opportunity which is able to provide data throughput up to 70 Mbps and radio coverage distances of almost 50 kilometres, and to complete wired network architectures, ensuring a cheap flexible solution for the last-mile. WiMAX can be seen as the fourth generation (4G) of mobile communications systems, In this paper study on MIMO-OFDM System and review different paper on the based of WiMAX technology. Anokchand Rathod | Megha Gupta"Review Paper on MIMO-OFDM System Using Wimax Model" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14604.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/14604/review-paper-on-mimo-ofdm-system-using-wimax-model/anokchand-rathod
A New Bit Split and Interleaved Channel Coding for MIMO DecoderIJARBEST JOURNAL
Authors:-C. Amar Singh Feroz1, S. Karthikeyan2, K. Mala3
Abstract– In wireless communications, the use of multiple antennas at both the
transmitter and receiver is a key technology to enable high data transmission without
additional bandwidth or transmit power. MIMO schemes are widely used in many
wireless standards, allowing higher throughput using spatial multiplexing techniques.
Bit split mapping based on JDD is designed. Here ETI coding is used for encoding and
Viterbi is used for decoding. Experimental results for 16-QAM and 64 QAM with the
code rate of ½ and 1/3 codes are shown to verify the proposed approach and to elucidate
the design tradeoffs in terms the BER performance. This bit split mapping based JDD
algorithm can greatly improve BER performance with different system settings.
Energy-constrained Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have garnered significant research interest in
recent years. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), or Cooperative MIMO, represents a specialized
application of MIMO technology within WSNs. This approach operates effectively, especially in
challenging and resource-constrained environments. By facilitating collaboration among sensor nodes,
Cooperative MIMO enhances reliability, coverage, and energy efficiency in WSN deployments.
Consequently, MIMO finds application in diverse WSN scenarios, spanning environmental monitoring,
industrial automation, and healthcare applications.
TECHNIQUES IN PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF MOBILE WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM...Onyebuchi nosiri
Mobile wireless communication providers are expected by their numerous subscribers to provide network that can allow higher data rates, and good voice quality. However, this may be restricted due to some technical problems such as limited availability of radio frequency spectrum, bandwidth, channel capacity, geographical areas and transmission problems caused by various factors like fading and multipath distortion. All these lead to overall system performance degradation. This has led to various studies on how improvement on the performance of wireless communication can be realized using different techniques. This paper is a review of some scholarly works on this subject. To achieve this some recent scholarly articles were accessed online and their findings were highlighted. It was observed that all the articles reviewed had results drawn only from theoretical analysis. Based on this, one of the recommendations is that theoretical analysis should be supported with data obtained from carrying out RF measurements in the field where possible.
SCALABILITY CONCERNS OF CHIRP SPREAD SPECTRUM FOR LPWAN APPLICATIONSijasuc
Divergent modulation schemes have been proposed for the Internet of Things (IoT). Low Power Wide Area
Networks (LPWAN) technologies are gaining unprecedented acceptance in IoT application of sensor
networks. Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) is a prominent modulation technique proposed for LPWAN. Chirps
can traverse long distance and are resilient to noise and Doppler effects. Noise resilience along with
transmission range and low power requirement makes CSS a preferred modulation scheme for sensor
networks. LoRaWANTM, with its physical (PHY) layer using CSS, has emerged as the widely accepted
LPWAN solution. By using CSS modulation with orthogonal spreading factors (SF), LoRa offers wide
coverage to LPWAN applications while supporting a high volume of devices. However, scalability
performance of CSS has not been inadequately modeled. As with the suitability of the modulation scheme,
there are concerns on how chirps interact with the surrounding as the number of deployments bursts out
into higher volumes. We evaluate CSS at ISM band 868 MHz for spreading factor 7 to 12 at bandwidth 125
kHz for performance and scalability. Simultaneous transmissions were simulated with repeated iterations
and conclusions are arrived on collisions rate, packet error rate, and bit error. Suitability of using CSS for
sensor networks for future deployments is commended.
Similar to ID727_Helina_MitigationTechnique_uday.pptx (20)
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
1. 2023 International Conference on Computer
Communication and Informatics (ICCCI ), Jan. 23 – 25,
2023, Coimbatore, INDIA
Paper ID: 727
A NOVEL INTERFERENCE MITIGATION
TECHNIQUE AND SIGNAL PREDICTION IN
FUTURE WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
2. ABSTRACT
• Cellular systems are key enablers for wireless communication systems, allowing a huge
number of people to interact spontaneously. The fast growth of wireless technology has raised
data communication needs.
• A new concept of frequency reuse has been developed over spatial domain in cellular systems,
which is considered as the best encouraging standard for future mobile broadband services.
• Thus mobility management is the process to trace the Mobile Subscribers Unit(MSU) point
for handling over the data packets and retain a MSU link as it continuously changes its point
of connection.
• The use of frequency reuse in cellular systems to improve communication capacity and allow
for more users to interact simultaneously.
3. MOTIVATION BEHIND THIS PROJECT/NOVELTY
• The fast growth of wireless technology has increased the need for more efficient data
communication systems.
• Long Term Evolution(LTE) is considered as the best standard for future mobile broadband
services.
• Mobility management is crucial process in cellular systems to trace and retain mobile
connections.
• Improving the performance of downlink communications in mobile networks can enhance the
user experience.
• Lowering the size of mobile units can also improve performance and make the system more
efficient.
4. OBJECTIVE
• Space-Time Block Coding(STBC) in combination with the correlated frequency selective channels for
downlink communications in mobile networks, and the use of a MIMO profile and Maximum
Likelihood approach to improve performance.
• To achieve superior performance by reducing the size of the mobile unit and to study the concept of
frequency reuse in cellular systems to improve communication capacity and allow more users to
interact simultaneously.
• To analyze the performance of IDMA systems by iteratively decoding and comparing it to CDMA
systems.
• To provide a comprehensive descriptive of the IDMA system, including transmitter and receiver design,
and explain its advantages.
5. INTRODUCTION
• The aggressive development of wireless networks and increased use of palmtop and laptop devices show
a bright future for wireless systems. The growth in cellular networks and the number of mobile devices
users worldwide highlights the importance of efficient use of spectrum for better communication.
• TDMA and CDMA are being investigated for improved wireless system networks and the initiation of
the digital cellular network has paved the way for the growth of mobile data services and increasing
demand for next-generation communication systems.
• The 3rd generation cellular system offer higher data rate and many other applications and there is a
convergence in the regular transmission and networking environments for data, voice and multimedia
communications.
• Space-time coding, broadcasting diversity and MIMO channels are important considerations in current
research on wireless networks, as well as handoff techniques that allow for uninterrupted connections
between mobile stations and base stations.
6. PROPOSED METHOD
• IDMA is a chip-interleaved CDMA technique that offsets ISI and MAI and provides substantial processing gains.
The whole transmitting symbol bandwidth in IDMA systems is dedicated to channel encoding.
• IDMA uses different inter-leavers for different users, making it different from other techniques like FDMA and
TDMA. This principle allows for chip-by-chip identification and cancellation of least cases of other cell interference
and diversity against fading.
• IDMA has bandwidth, power efficient, and has numerous other advantages including fast fading, adaptation of rate
or power, lower delay, less complexity, and better distribution of resources.
• In IDMA system, the interleaving is done after spreading the word, and different data streams are discriminated by
various inter-leavers. The sequence undergoes Forward Error Correction(FEC) before spreading and after inter-
leaving.
• The BER performance of IDMA downlink communication can be improved by using a dual-polarized of IDMA
downlink communication can be improved by using a dual-polarized STBC-IDMA system with space-time transmit
diversity and polarization diversity.
9. ELLIOT WAVE THEORY
• Predicting mobile users signal strength in wireless communication is challenging, and the Elliot wave
theory is proposed as a possible method for forecasting mobile signal strength. It is claimed to be
unaffected by fading, user distance and antenna height.
• According to this Elliot wave theory, it has not been considered as a wireless handoff method yet, but it
may be useful in assisting the centralized network to deal with handoff difficulties.
• The Elliot wave theory is not commonly used in the wireless network sector, but it is suggested as a new
approached to develop wireless signal prediction algorithms.
• The proposed algorithm uses the golden ratio of Fibonacci and signal wattage to construct the Elliot
wave, by identifying the last four extreme points of the plot, and iteratively searching for the Elliot
wave between these points.
• This Elliot wave theory does not require any extra hardware or any resources to perform handoffs.
10. STBC-IDMA BER PERFORMANCE
BER SNR(dB)
Uni-Polarized 10-3 10 dB
Dual-Polarized 10-3 12.5 dB
BER-BIT ERROR RATE
SNR-SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO
11. DSTTD-IDMA TRANSMITTER WITH 256 AND 64 QUANTIZATION LEVELS OF
SUI-3 CHANNEL MODEL
BER SNR(dB)
64 QUANTIZATION LEVELS 10-4 0.6 dB
256 QUANTIZATION LEVELS 10-4 0.3 dB
BER-BIT ERROR RATE
SNR-SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO
12. DSTTD-IDMA TRANSMITTER WITH 256 AND 64 QUANTIZATION LEVELS USING
LTE-VEHICULAR CHANNEL MODEL
BER SNR(dB)
64 QUANTIZATION LEVELS 10-4 -0.2 dB
256 QUANTIZATION LEVELS 10-4 -0.4 dB
BER-BIT ERROR RATE
SNR-SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO
13. RESULT
BER SNR(dB)
64 QUANTIZATION LEVELS 10-4 -0.25 dB
256 QUANTIZATION LEVELS 10-4 -0.5 dB
• Our results delivers higher Bit Error Rate(BER) performance utilizing Channel State Information(CSI) with
256 quantization for phases and magnitudes.
BER-BIT ERROR RATE
SNR-SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO
CSI-CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION
14. CONCLUSION
• The IDMA system is considered as a promising technology by the academic research community, as it
has the potential to improve error rate performance by suppressing ISI and MAI effects. Additionally,
it can outperform CDMA systems by iteratively decoding the algorithm.
• Adopting low rate spreading codes and giving the whole transmitting symbol's bandwidth to low-rate
channel encoding contributes to maximum processing gain while improving error rate performance
with minimal SNR.
• The IDMA system has a comprehensive transmitter and receiver design, and its advantages have been
explained in detail.
• Assessing IDMA BER using Space Time Transmit diversity among correlated frequency-selective
channels, simulations show that MUTP improves ER with reduced SNR, Decreases MUI and CCI and
boosts transmission throughput.
• The IDMA technology is considered as a promising future direction in the wireless communication
field, and further research is needed to explore its potential further.
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