The National Health Management Information System (NHMIS) in Nigeria aims to collect and analyze health data to inform decision making. However, data returns have been untimely and poor quality with little reporting and feedback. The project objectives are to assess population health, identify health problems, monitor goals, and evaluate performance. Barriers include a lack of private sector involvement, basic infrastructure, personnel, and coordination. Sustainability challenges include suboptimal data systems, inadequate staff training, misreporting of data, weak monitoring and evaluation, and inadequate IT facilities and technology.