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© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-1
Building a Simple Network
Understanding the
TCP/IP Internet
Layer
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-2
Internet Protocol Characteristics
 Operates at network layer of OSI
 Connectionless protocol
 Packets treated independently
 Hierarchical addressing
 Best-effort delivery
 No data-recovery features
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-3
Why IP Addresses?
 They uniquely identify each device on an IP network.
 Every host (computer, networking device, peripheral) must have
a unique address.
 Host ID:
– Identifies the individual host
– Is assigned by organizations to individual devices
Network.Host
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-4
IP PDU Header
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-5
IP Address Format: Dotted Decimal
Notation
The binary-to-decimal and decimal-to-
binary conversion will be detailed later
in this course.
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-6
IP Address Classes: The First Octet
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-7
IP Address Ranges
*127 (01111111) is a Class A address reserved for loopback testing and cannot
be assigned to a network.
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-8
Reserved Address
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-9
Public IP Addresses
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-10
Private IP Addresses
Class Private Address Range
A 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-11
DHCP
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-12
 Application specified in the TCP/IP suite
 A way to translate human-readable names into IP addresses
DNS
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-13
Network Connection
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-14
ipconfig
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-16
 IP network addresses consist of two parts: the network ID and the
host ID.
 IPv4 addresses have 32 bits that are divided into octets and are
generally shown in dotted decimal form (for example,
192.168.54.18).
 When written in a binary format, the first bit of a Class A address
is always 0, the first 2 bits of a Class B address are always 10,
and the first 3 bits of a Class C address are
always 110.
Summary
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-17
 Certain IP addresses (network and broadcast) are reserved and
cannot be assigned to individual network devices.
 Internet hosts require a unique, public IP address, but private
hosts can have any valid private address that is unique within the
private network.
 DHCP is used to assign IP addresses automatically, and also to
set TCP/IP stack configuration parameters such as the subnet
mask, default router, and DNS servers.
 DNS is an application that is specified in the TCP/IP suite,
providing a means to translate human-readable names into IP
addresses.
Summary (Cont.)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-18
 Host provides tools that can be used to verify the IP address of
the host:
– Network connections
– IPCONFIG
Summary (Cont.)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-19

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CCNA Icnd110 s01l04

  • 1. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-1 Building a Simple Network Understanding the TCP/IP Internet Layer
  • 2. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-2 Internet Protocol Characteristics  Operates at network layer of OSI  Connectionless protocol  Packets treated independently  Hierarchical addressing  Best-effort delivery  No data-recovery features
  • 3. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-3 Why IP Addresses?  They uniquely identify each device on an IP network.  Every host (computer, networking device, peripheral) must have a unique address.  Host ID: – Identifies the individual host – Is assigned by organizations to individual devices Network.Host
  • 4. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-4 IP PDU Header
  • 5. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-5 IP Address Format: Dotted Decimal Notation The binary-to-decimal and decimal-to- binary conversion will be detailed later in this course.
  • 6. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-6 IP Address Classes: The First Octet
  • 7. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-7 IP Address Ranges *127 (01111111) is a Class A address reserved for loopback testing and cannot be assigned to a network.
  • 8. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-8 Reserved Address
  • 9. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-9 Public IP Addresses
  • 10. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-10 Private IP Addresses Class Private Address Range A 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255
  • 11. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-11 DHCP
  • 12. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-12  Application specified in the TCP/IP suite  A way to translate human-readable names into IP addresses DNS
  • 13. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-13 Network Connection
  • 14. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-14 ipconfig
  • 15. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-16  IP network addresses consist of two parts: the network ID and the host ID.  IPv4 addresses have 32 bits that are divided into octets and are generally shown in dotted decimal form (for example, 192.168.54.18).  When written in a binary format, the first bit of a Class A address is always 0, the first 2 bits of a Class B address are always 10, and the first 3 bits of a Class C address are always 110. Summary
  • 16. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-17  Certain IP addresses (network and broadcast) are reserved and cannot be assigned to individual network devices.  Internet hosts require a unique, public IP address, but private hosts can have any valid private address that is unique within the private network.  DHCP is used to assign IP addresses automatically, and also to set TCP/IP stack configuration parameters such as the subnet mask, default router, and DNS servers.  DNS is an application that is specified in the TCP/IP suite, providing a means to translate human-readable names into IP addresses. Summary (Cont.)
  • 17. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-18  Host provides tools that can be used to verify the IP address of the host: – Network connections – IPCONFIG Summary (Cont.)
  • 18. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—1-19

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