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© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-1
LAN Connections
Exploring the
Packet Delivery
Process
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-2
Layer 2 Addressing
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-3
Layer 3 Addressing
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-4
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (1 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-5
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (2 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-6
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (3 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-7
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (4 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-8
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (5 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-9
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (6 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-10
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (7 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-11
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (8 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-12
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (9 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-13
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (10 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-14
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (11 of 17)
Destination Next Hop Interface
192.168.3.0/24 Connected fa 0/0
192.168.4.0/24 Connected fa 0/1
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-15
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (12 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-16
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (13 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-17
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (14 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-18
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (15 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-19
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (16 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-20
Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (17 of 17)
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-21
Using the show OP Command
Router# show ip arp
Protocol Address Age(min) Hardware Addr Type Interface
Internet 172.69.233.229 - 0000.0c59.f892 ARPA Ethernet0/0
Internet 172.69.233.218 - 0000.0c07.ac00 ARPA Ethernet0/0
Internet 172.69.233.19 - 0000.0c63.1300 ARPA Ethernet0/0
Internet 172.69.233.309 - 0000.0c36.6965 ARPA Ethernet0/0
Internet 172.19.168.11 - 0000.0c63.1300 ARPA Ethernet0/0
Internet 172.19.168.254 9 0000.0c36.6965 ARPA Ethernet0/0
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-22
ping
ping [[protocol {host-name | system-address}]
Router#
 To diagnose basic network connectivity, use the ping command in
user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-23
traceroute
traceroute [protocol] destination
Router#
 To discover the routes that packets will actually take when traveling
to their destination address, use the traceroute command in user
EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-24
Summary
 If the hosts are not on the same segment, the frame is sent to the
default gateway.
 Packets sent to the default gateway will have the local host
source and remote host destination IP address.
 Frames sent to the default gateway will have the local host
source and the default gateway MAC address.
 A router will change the Layer 2 address as needed, but will not
change the Layer 3 address.
 The show ip arp command displays the mapping between
network addresses and MAC addresses that the router has
learned.
 Cisco IOS connectivity tools include ping and traceroute.
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-25

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CCNA Icnd110 s04l06

  • 1. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-1 LAN Connections Exploring the Packet Delivery Process
  • 2. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-2 Layer 2 Addressing
  • 3. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-3 Layer 3 Addressing
  • 4. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-4 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (1 of 17)
  • 5. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-5 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (2 of 17)
  • 6. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-6 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (3 of 17)
  • 7. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-7 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (4 of 17)
  • 8. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-8 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (5 of 17)
  • 9. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-9 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (6 of 17)
  • 10. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-10 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (7 of 17)
  • 11. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-11 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (8 of 17)
  • 12. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-12 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (9 of 17)
  • 13. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-13 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (10 of 17)
  • 14. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-14 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (11 of 17) Destination Next Hop Interface 192.168.3.0/24 Connected fa 0/0 192.168.4.0/24 Connected fa 0/1
  • 15. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-15 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (12 of 17)
  • 16. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-16 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (13 of 17)
  • 17. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-17 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (14 of 17)
  • 18. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-18 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (15 of 17)
  • 19. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-19 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (16 of 17)
  • 20. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-20 Host-to-Host Packet Delivery (17 of 17)
  • 21. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-21 Using the show OP Command Router# show ip arp Protocol Address Age(min) Hardware Addr Type Interface Internet 172.69.233.229 - 0000.0c59.f892 ARPA Ethernet0/0 Internet 172.69.233.218 - 0000.0c07.ac00 ARPA Ethernet0/0 Internet 172.69.233.19 - 0000.0c63.1300 ARPA Ethernet0/0 Internet 172.69.233.309 - 0000.0c36.6965 ARPA Ethernet0/0 Internet 172.19.168.11 - 0000.0c63.1300 ARPA Ethernet0/0 Internet 172.19.168.254 9 0000.0c36.6965 ARPA Ethernet0/0
  • 22. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-22 ping ping [[protocol {host-name | system-address}] Router#  To diagnose basic network connectivity, use the ping command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.
  • 23. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-23 traceroute traceroute [protocol] destination Router#  To discover the routes that packets will actually take when traveling to their destination address, use the traceroute command in user EXEC or privileged EXEC mode.
  • 24. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-24 Summary  If the hosts are not on the same segment, the frame is sent to the default gateway.  Packets sent to the default gateway will have the local host source and remote host destination IP address.  Frames sent to the default gateway will have the local host source and the default gateway MAC address.  A router will change the Layer 2 address as needed, but will not change the Layer 3 address.  The show ip arp command displays the mapping between network addresses and MAC addresses that the router has learned.  Cisco IOS connectivity tools include ping and traceroute.
  • 25. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-25

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