The document provides an end of mission report for a review of a classroom analysis simulator (CAS) for the Laguna Verde Nuclear Power Plant in Mexico. It summarizes the status of the CAS project, which uses simulation codes to model reactor behavior and train operators. While the CAS has a sophisticated interface and can simulate accidents, the current implementation does not demonstrate modeling of important instability events. Staffing and funding for further development have been reduced. The expert concludes the project would benefit from broadening its customer base beyond the single plant.
Battery Aware Dynamic Scheduling for Periodic Task GraphsNicolas Navet
1. The document discusses battery-aware dynamic scheduling for periodic task graphs to maximize battery lifetime in embedded systems.
2. It proposes a methodology that combines a good dynamic voltage scaling algorithm with a priority function to schedule task graphs in a battery-efficient manner.
3. Simulations show the methodology performs up to 47% better than existing approaches in terms of battery lifetime.
Computational fluid dynamics for chemical reactor designrita martin
Computational fluid dynamics improve efficiencies in fluid flow, heat and mass transfer processes. Computational Fluid Dynamics is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze problems that involve fluid flows. Computational fluid dynamics Found Its self in various industrial applications, Biomedical, Electronics, Defense, Industrial,Environmental, Civil and drug delivery systems
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a tool for analyzing systems involving fluid flow, heat transfer and associated phenomena like chemical reactions using computer-based simulations. It involves numerically solving the governing equations of fluid flow to model the flow of liquids and gases. CFD complements experimental and theoretical fluid dynamics by providing a cost-effective means of simulating real flows. It has various applications in aerospace, automotive, turbo machinery, power plants, buildings, environmental engineering, and biomedical areas.
This document discusses recent trends in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It begins by defining CFD as using numerical analysis and algorithms to solve fluid flow problems described by partial differential equations. CFD offers advantages over physical experiments by enabling low-cost simulation-based design and analysis of fluid phenomena that are difficult to measure experimentally. The document outlines the basic CFD process of geometry description, model selection, grid generation, solution, and post-processing. It provides examples of CFD applications in aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and other industrial fields to analyze designs. The conclusion discusses iterative solution methods and potential future advances in multidisciplinary and on-demand CFD simulations.
The lecture was delivered by me for IIChE students chapter on the theme of Student-Industry Interaction at Bharati Vidyapeeth on 8th Feb'14. Foe my blogs kindly refer: https://www.learncax.com/knowledge-base/blog/by-author/ganesh-visavale
CFD has become a mainstream engineering tool with various applications in the offshore industry. It is used to study complex fluid dynamics problems that are difficult to analyze using theory or experimentation alone. Examples include vortex-induced vibration of risers and motions of floating platforms, wave slamming loads, tank sloshing, and wind forces on structures. Validation against experimental data and benchmark cases is important to verify CFD models are solving equations correctly.
This document describes two distributed-memory parallelization schemes for efficiently parallelizing an explicit time-domain volume integral equation solver on the IBM Blue Gene/P supercomputer. The first scheme distributes the computationally intensive tested field computations among processors while storing the source field time histories on each processor, requiring all-to-all global communications. The second scheme distributes both the source fields and tested field computations, requiring sequential global communications. Numerical results show that both schemes scale well on Blue Gene/P, and the second more memory-efficient scheme allows solving problems with up to 3 million unknowns without acceleration. The parallel solver is demonstrated on the problem of light scattering from a red blood cell.
This document provides an overview of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It defines CFD as using computer simulations to predict fluid flow phenomena by modeling continuous fluids with partial differential equations. The document outlines where CFD is used in various industries like aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and more. It also discusses the physics, modeling, numerics, and overall CFD process involved in simulations. Examples are given of mesh generation and CFD being used to analyze problems like bottle filling.
Battery Aware Dynamic Scheduling for Periodic Task GraphsNicolas Navet
1. The document discusses battery-aware dynamic scheduling for periodic task graphs to maximize battery lifetime in embedded systems.
2. It proposes a methodology that combines a good dynamic voltage scaling algorithm with a priority function to schedule task graphs in a battery-efficient manner.
3. Simulations show the methodology performs up to 47% better than existing approaches in terms of battery lifetime.
Computational fluid dynamics for chemical reactor designrita martin
Computational fluid dynamics improve efficiencies in fluid flow, heat and mass transfer processes. Computational Fluid Dynamics is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze problems that involve fluid flows. Computational fluid dynamics Found Its self in various industrial applications, Biomedical, Electronics, Defense, Industrial,Environmental, Civil and drug delivery systems
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a tool for analyzing systems involving fluid flow, heat transfer and associated phenomena like chemical reactions using computer-based simulations. It involves numerically solving the governing equations of fluid flow to model the flow of liquids and gases. CFD complements experimental and theoretical fluid dynamics by providing a cost-effective means of simulating real flows. It has various applications in aerospace, automotive, turbo machinery, power plants, buildings, environmental engineering, and biomedical areas.
This document discusses recent trends in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It begins by defining CFD as using numerical analysis and algorithms to solve fluid flow problems described by partial differential equations. CFD offers advantages over physical experiments by enabling low-cost simulation-based design and analysis of fluid phenomena that are difficult to measure experimentally. The document outlines the basic CFD process of geometry description, model selection, grid generation, solution, and post-processing. It provides examples of CFD applications in aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and other industrial fields to analyze designs. The conclusion discusses iterative solution methods and potential future advances in multidisciplinary and on-demand CFD simulations.
The lecture was delivered by me for IIChE students chapter on the theme of Student-Industry Interaction at Bharati Vidyapeeth on 8th Feb'14. Foe my blogs kindly refer: https://www.learncax.com/knowledge-base/blog/by-author/ganesh-visavale
CFD has become a mainstream engineering tool with various applications in the offshore industry. It is used to study complex fluid dynamics problems that are difficult to analyze using theory or experimentation alone. Examples include vortex-induced vibration of risers and motions of floating platforms, wave slamming loads, tank sloshing, and wind forces on structures. Validation against experimental data and benchmark cases is important to verify CFD models are solving equations correctly.
This document describes two distributed-memory parallelization schemes for efficiently parallelizing an explicit time-domain volume integral equation solver on the IBM Blue Gene/P supercomputer. The first scheme distributes the computationally intensive tested field computations among processors while storing the source field time histories on each processor, requiring all-to-all global communications. The second scheme distributes both the source fields and tested field computations, requiring sequential global communications. Numerical results show that both schemes scale well on Blue Gene/P, and the second more memory-efficient scheme allows solving problems with up to 3 million unknowns without acceleration. The parallel solver is demonstrated on the problem of light scattering from a red blood cell.
This document provides an overview of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It defines CFD as using computer simulations to predict fluid flow phenomena by modeling continuous fluids with partial differential equations. The document outlines where CFD is used in various industries like aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and more. It also discusses the physics, modeling, numerics, and overall CFD process involved in simulations. Examples are given of mesh generation and CFD being used to analyze problems like bottle filling.
Pavani Madhukar is seeking a role in human resources with a focus on payroll, recruitment, and benefits. She has over 3.8 years of experience in HR operations including payroll management, recruitment, and employee relations. Currently she is an HR Executive at Berkadia India Pvt Ltd where she manages payroll, conducts training sessions, and ensures compliance with regulations. She has a Master's degree in HR and Marketing and various technical skills.
This curriculum vitae summarizes the academic experience of an assistant professor, including graduate theses supervised, sessions organized at national conferences, committee participation, and research publications. Specifically:
1) It lists 7 graduate students whose theses were supervised, along with their degrees, dates, and thesis titles.
2) It describes the professor's involvement in organizing technical sessions at several national conferences between 1994-1995.
3) It lists committee participation with various societies from 1992-1998.
4) It provides a list of over 20 research publications in refereed journals and proceedings between 1991-1995 related to nuclear power plant control systems.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang hubungan antara gaya, panjang, dan energi pada pegas. Terdapat rumus-rumus untuk menghitung gaya, panjang, berat beban, dan energi potensial pegas. Juga dijelaskan hubungan antara gaya dan panjang pada grafik, serta cara menghitung konstanta gabungan pegas pada susunan seri dan paralel.
This document summarizes a workshop on an OECD/NRC boiling water reactor turbine trip benchmark. The workshop was hosted by Exelon Nuclear and included participants from utilities, regulators, and researchers. It reviewed the draft specifications for the benchmark exercises, which involve modeling a turbine trip transient at a BWR plant using coupled neutronics/thermal-hydraulics codes. Workshop participants discussed the appropriate scope and deadlines for the benchmark exercises to ensure useful technical feedback and allow modeling to proceed efficiently.
The document summarizes the process of mitosis in human cells. It begins by defining cells and their basic components. There are two main types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis involves replicating the full set of DNA to produce two daughter cells with identical genetic material. The process of mitosis is then described in detail through its four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. During these phases, the chromosomes condense and duplicate, align at the center, and are separated into the two daughter cells. Cytokinesis then divides the cytoplasm to complete cell division.
Qcl 14-v3 introduction to flow charting-banasthali vidyapith_geetika gautam(1)geetugeeti
A flowchart is a picture of the separate steps of a process in sequential order.
Elements that may be included are: sequence of actions, materials or services entering or leaving the process (inputs and outputs), decisions that must be made, people who become involved, time involved at each step and/or process measurements.
The process described can be anything: a manufacturing process, an administrative or service process, a project plan. This is a generic tool that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes.
This document lists the editorial board of the International Journal of Legal & Social Studies. It includes the editor-in-chief, Dr. Kavita Singh, and lists the associate editors, assistant editors, copyright information, and publishing and design partners of the journal.
This document is a resume for Sandeep Mamillapalli. It summarizes his professional experience working for various companies such as Tata Consulting Engineers Ltd, IVRCL Infra Ltd, and SBC Infrastructure on projects related to buildings, steel plants, and irrigation systems. It also provides details of his educational qualifications including a PGP degree from NICMAR and BE in Civil Engineering. His objective is to work for a progressive organization where he can upgrade his skills and be part of a team focused on growth.
This resume is for Saneesh P.D., a 30-year-old ICU head nurse currently working at Almoosa Specialist Hospital in Al Hasa, Saudi Arabia. Saneesh has 10 years of clinical experience in emergency and ICU areas. He received his Diploma in General Nursing and Midwifery in 2005. Saneesh is familiar with various medical equipment used in ICU and has experience handling cases such as CVA, diabetes, pneumonia, burns, and more. His objective is to help his organization earn goodwill while improving his own skills.
This presentation summarizes the deployment of multiple large projects across an organization over 12 years to integrate data, upgrade networks, and reduce communication costs. Key aspects included:
- Consolidating data into a single, consistent format accessible to all departments for real-time reporting.
- Designing reliable internal and external networks with current hardware/software, redundancy, and backups.
- Connecting offices globally through optimized voice, data, video conferencing and internet solutions.
- Implementing changes without disrupting operations and reducing costs over the long term.
[Ringkasan]
1. Dokumen membahas tentang rumus-rumus matematika kelas 9 dan konsep kesebangunan dan kongruensi bangun datar.
2. Kesebangunan terjadi jika panjang sisi dan besar sudut yang sesuai sama, sedangkan kongruen terjadi jika bentuk dan ukuran bangun sama.
3. Diberikan contoh soal tentang kesebangunan persegi panjang dan penentuan panjang sisi segitiga.
The document provides information about iFace, a Korean smartphone accessory brand. It summarizes iFace's product lines which include various smartphone case models that emphasize shockproof protection, grip, and multiple color options. It also discusses iFace's focus on communicating with society through sponsorships and services for consumers. The document promotes iFace's goal of becoming the number one brand for customer satisfaction in the smartphone accessory market.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document outlines the responsibilities and obligations of managers and businesses to society. It discusses how businesses should serve their customers, employees, and communities. Specifically, it mentions producing quality products, establishing fair prices, providing good customer service, ensuring wide product availability, offering fair compensation and good working conditions to employees, and supporting local communities through philanthropic and educational initiatives. The document also discusses factors that influence corporate social responsibility and how businesses can develop ethics programs and social responsibility strategies.
Oncoceutics leerink global healthcare 2015oncoceutics
- Oncoceutics has discovered a novel class of compounds called ONC201 that shows compelling efficacy against aggressive and refractory tumors in preclinical studies.
- Phase I/II clinical trials are underway at leading cancer centers to evaluate ONC201's safety and efficacy in hematological malignancies and solid tumors.
- ONC201 engages multiple critical cancer pathways without toxicity, demonstrating potential as a first-in-class therapeutic for treatment-resistant cancers.
Challenges faced by the Indian Beverage Industries – Protecting Trademarks & Package
Design Copyrights
Mr. Sundar Moorthi, Senior Manager – Packaging, Coca Cola India Pvt. Ltd. & Indian Beverage Association (IBA)
This 3 page report from QAI Laboratories details flame spread and smoke density testing performed on a material called "Duct Armor" submitted by Nova Industries. The material achieved a flame spread rating of 10 and smoke developed rating of 30 after 10 minutes of testing according to ASTM E2768-11. These results would classify the material as Class A according to NFPA and IBC building codes cited in the report. Detailed test data and results are presented on pages 1-3 of the report for Nova Industries.
Leah Brown Johnson is the owner of Be Equipped, LLC, which provides educational workshops, seminars, and programs. She has over 18 years of experience in education and nonprofit work. Through Be Equipped, she aims to provide leadership training, college and career readiness skills, and access to economic opportunities to help individuals and organizations achieve their goals. Her programs have achieved success such as 100% college acceptance rates for inner-city youth.
This document is a resume for Ahmed Adel Abd El Latif Ragab. It summarizes his contact information, education, work experience, courses/certificates, languages, and personal details. He has a Bachelor's in Pharmaceutical Sciences from Alexandria University in Egypt and is pursuing a Master's in Analytical Chemistry and an MBA. His current role is Assistant Quality Control Manager at Pharco Corporation, where he has worked since 2014.
MILP-Based Short-Term Thermal Unit Commitment and Hydrothermal Scheduling Inc...IJECEIAES
Reservoirs are often built in cascade on the same river system, introducing inexorable constraints. It is therefore strategically important to scheme out an efficient commitment of thermal generation units along with the scheduling of hydro generation units for better operational efficiency, considering practical system conditions. This paper develops a comprehensive, unit-wise hydraulic model with reservoir and river system constraints, as well as gas constraints, with head effects, to commit thermal generation units and schedule hydro ones in the short-term. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) methodology, using the branch and bound & cut (BB&C) algorithm, is employed to solve the resultant problem. Due to the detailed modelling of individual hydro units and cascaded dependent reservoirs, the problem size is substantially swollen. Multithread computing is invoked to accelerate the solution process. Simulation results, conducted on various test systems, reiterate that the developed MILP-based hydrothermal scheduling approach outperforms other techniques in terms of cost efficiency.
This document presents a two-stage model for daily volt/var control (VVC) of distribution systems that includes distributed energy resources (DERs) like wind turbines and synchronous machine-based distributed generations. The first stage is a day-ahead market that minimizes electrical energy costs and gas emissions from generation units to determine an initial schedule. The second stage examines this schedule from an operational perspective to determine optimal daily dispatches of VVC devices while minimizing losses, adjustment of scheduled active powers, and depreciation costs. It uses Benders decomposition to solve the mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, and tests the approach on two distribution test networks.
Pavani Madhukar is seeking a role in human resources with a focus on payroll, recruitment, and benefits. She has over 3.8 years of experience in HR operations including payroll management, recruitment, and employee relations. Currently she is an HR Executive at Berkadia India Pvt Ltd where she manages payroll, conducts training sessions, and ensures compliance with regulations. She has a Master's degree in HR and Marketing and various technical skills.
This curriculum vitae summarizes the academic experience of an assistant professor, including graduate theses supervised, sessions organized at national conferences, committee participation, and research publications. Specifically:
1) It lists 7 graduate students whose theses were supervised, along with their degrees, dates, and thesis titles.
2) It describes the professor's involvement in organizing technical sessions at several national conferences between 1994-1995.
3) It lists committee participation with various societies from 1992-1998.
4) It provides a list of over 20 research publications in refereed journals and proceedings between 1991-1995 related to nuclear power plant control systems.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang hubungan antara gaya, panjang, dan energi pada pegas. Terdapat rumus-rumus untuk menghitung gaya, panjang, berat beban, dan energi potensial pegas. Juga dijelaskan hubungan antara gaya dan panjang pada grafik, serta cara menghitung konstanta gabungan pegas pada susunan seri dan paralel.
This document summarizes a workshop on an OECD/NRC boiling water reactor turbine trip benchmark. The workshop was hosted by Exelon Nuclear and included participants from utilities, regulators, and researchers. It reviewed the draft specifications for the benchmark exercises, which involve modeling a turbine trip transient at a BWR plant using coupled neutronics/thermal-hydraulics codes. Workshop participants discussed the appropriate scope and deadlines for the benchmark exercises to ensure useful technical feedback and allow modeling to proceed efficiently.
The document summarizes the process of mitosis in human cells. It begins by defining cells and their basic components. There are two main types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis involves replicating the full set of DNA to produce two daughter cells with identical genetic material. The process of mitosis is then described in detail through its four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. During these phases, the chromosomes condense and duplicate, align at the center, and are separated into the two daughter cells. Cytokinesis then divides the cytoplasm to complete cell division.
Qcl 14-v3 introduction to flow charting-banasthali vidyapith_geetika gautam(1)geetugeeti
A flowchart is a picture of the separate steps of a process in sequential order.
Elements that may be included are: sequence of actions, materials or services entering or leaving the process (inputs and outputs), decisions that must be made, people who become involved, time involved at each step and/or process measurements.
The process described can be anything: a manufacturing process, an administrative or service process, a project plan. This is a generic tool that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes.
This document lists the editorial board of the International Journal of Legal & Social Studies. It includes the editor-in-chief, Dr. Kavita Singh, and lists the associate editors, assistant editors, copyright information, and publishing and design partners of the journal.
This document is a resume for Sandeep Mamillapalli. It summarizes his professional experience working for various companies such as Tata Consulting Engineers Ltd, IVRCL Infra Ltd, and SBC Infrastructure on projects related to buildings, steel plants, and irrigation systems. It also provides details of his educational qualifications including a PGP degree from NICMAR and BE in Civil Engineering. His objective is to work for a progressive organization where he can upgrade his skills and be part of a team focused on growth.
This resume is for Saneesh P.D., a 30-year-old ICU head nurse currently working at Almoosa Specialist Hospital in Al Hasa, Saudi Arabia. Saneesh has 10 years of clinical experience in emergency and ICU areas. He received his Diploma in General Nursing and Midwifery in 2005. Saneesh is familiar with various medical equipment used in ICU and has experience handling cases such as CVA, diabetes, pneumonia, burns, and more. His objective is to help his organization earn goodwill while improving his own skills.
This presentation summarizes the deployment of multiple large projects across an organization over 12 years to integrate data, upgrade networks, and reduce communication costs. Key aspects included:
- Consolidating data into a single, consistent format accessible to all departments for real-time reporting.
- Designing reliable internal and external networks with current hardware/software, redundancy, and backups.
- Connecting offices globally through optimized voice, data, video conferencing and internet solutions.
- Implementing changes without disrupting operations and reducing costs over the long term.
[Ringkasan]
1. Dokumen membahas tentang rumus-rumus matematika kelas 9 dan konsep kesebangunan dan kongruensi bangun datar.
2. Kesebangunan terjadi jika panjang sisi dan besar sudut yang sesuai sama, sedangkan kongruen terjadi jika bentuk dan ukuran bangun sama.
3. Diberikan contoh soal tentang kesebangunan persegi panjang dan penentuan panjang sisi segitiga.
The document provides information about iFace, a Korean smartphone accessory brand. It summarizes iFace's product lines which include various smartphone case models that emphasize shockproof protection, grip, and multiple color options. It also discusses iFace's focus on communicating with society through sponsorships and services for consumers. The document promotes iFace's goal of becoming the number one brand for customer satisfaction in the smartphone accessory market.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
The document outlines the responsibilities and obligations of managers and businesses to society. It discusses how businesses should serve their customers, employees, and communities. Specifically, it mentions producing quality products, establishing fair prices, providing good customer service, ensuring wide product availability, offering fair compensation and good working conditions to employees, and supporting local communities through philanthropic and educational initiatives. The document also discusses factors that influence corporate social responsibility and how businesses can develop ethics programs and social responsibility strategies.
Oncoceutics leerink global healthcare 2015oncoceutics
- Oncoceutics has discovered a novel class of compounds called ONC201 that shows compelling efficacy against aggressive and refractory tumors in preclinical studies.
- Phase I/II clinical trials are underway at leading cancer centers to evaluate ONC201's safety and efficacy in hematological malignancies and solid tumors.
- ONC201 engages multiple critical cancer pathways without toxicity, demonstrating potential as a first-in-class therapeutic for treatment-resistant cancers.
Challenges faced by the Indian Beverage Industries – Protecting Trademarks & Package
Design Copyrights
Mr. Sundar Moorthi, Senior Manager – Packaging, Coca Cola India Pvt. Ltd. & Indian Beverage Association (IBA)
This 3 page report from QAI Laboratories details flame spread and smoke density testing performed on a material called "Duct Armor" submitted by Nova Industries. The material achieved a flame spread rating of 10 and smoke developed rating of 30 after 10 minutes of testing according to ASTM E2768-11. These results would classify the material as Class A according to NFPA and IBC building codes cited in the report. Detailed test data and results are presented on pages 1-3 of the report for Nova Industries.
Leah Brown Johnson is the owner of Be Equipped, LLC, which provides educational workshops, seminars, and programs. She has over 18 years of experience in education and nonprofit work. Through Be Equipped, she aims to provide leadership training, college and career readiness skills, and access to economic opportunities to help individuals and organizations achieve their goals. Her programs have achieved success such as 100% college acceptance rates for inner-city youth.
This document is a resume for Ahmed Adel Abd El Latif Ragab. It summarizes his contact information, education, work experience, courses/certificates, languages, and personal details. He has a Bachelor's in Pharmaceutical Sciences from Alexandria University in Egypt and is pursuing a Master's in Analytical Chemistry and an MBA. His current role is Assistant Quality Control Manager at Pharco Corporation, where he has worked since 2014.
MILP-Based Short-Term Thermal Unit Commitment and Hydrothermal Scheduling Inc...IJECEIAES
Reservoirs are often built in cascade on the same river system, introducing inexorable constraints. It is therefore strategically important to scheme out an efficient commitment of thermal generation units along with the scheduling of hydro generation units for better operational efficiency, considering practical system conditions. This paper develops a comprehensive, unit-wise hydraulic model with reservoir and river system constraints, as well as gas constraints, with head effects, to commit thermal generation units and schedule hydro ones in the short-term. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) methodology, using the branch and bound & cut (BB&C) algorithm, is employed to solve the resultant problem. Due to the detailed modelling of individual hydro units and cascaded dependent reservoirs, the problem size is substantially swollen. Multithread computing is invoked to accelerate the solution process. Simulation results, conducted on various test systems, reiterate that the developed MILP-based hydrothermal scheduling approach outperforms other techniques in terms of cost efficiency.
This document presents a two-stage model for daily volt/var control (VVC) of distribution systems that includes distributed energy resources (DERs) like wind turbines and synchronous machine-based distributed generations. The first stage is a day-ahead market that minimizes electrical energy costs and gas emissions from generation units to determine an initial schedule. The second stage examines this schedule from an operational perspective to determine optimal daily dispatches of VVC devices while minimizing losses, adjustment of scheduled active powers, and depreciation costs. It uses Benders decomposition to solve the mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, and tests the approach on two distribution test networks.
Supercapacitors are electrical energy storage devices with a high specific power density, a long cycle life and a good efficiency, which make them attractive alternative storage devices for various applications. However, supercapacitors are subject to a progressive degradation of their perfor-mance because of aging phenomenon. Therefore, it is very important to be able to estimate their State-of-Health during operation. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is a very recog-nized technique to determine supercapacitors’ state-of-health. However, it requires the interrup-tion of system operation and thus cannot be performed in real time (online). In this paper, a new online identification method is proposed based on extended Kalman observer combined with a complementary PID corrector. The proposed method allows to accurately estimating supercapacitor resistance and capacitance, which are the main indicators of supercapacitor state-of-health. The new online identification method was applied for two voltage/current profiles using two different supercapacitors. The resistance/capacitance estimated by the new method and the conventional EKF were compared with those obtained by an experimental offline method. In comparison with conventional EKF, the capacitance obtained by the new method is significantly more accurate.
This paper deals with subsynchronous resonance (SSR) phenomena in a capacitive series-compensated DFIG-based wind farm. Using both modal analysis and time-domain simulation, it is shown that the DFIG wind farm is potentially unstable due to the SSR mode. In order to damp the SSR, the rotor-side converter (RSC) and grid-side converter (GSC) controllers of the DFIG are utilized. The objective is to design a simple proportional SSR damping controller (SSRDC) by properly choosing an optimum input control signal (ICS) to the SSRDC block, so that the SSR mode becomes stable without decreasing or destabilizing the other system modes. Moreover, an optimum point within the RSC and GSC controllers to insert the SSRDC is identified. Three different signals are tested as potential ICSs including rotor speed, line real power, and voltage across the series capacitor, and an optimum ICS is identified using residue-based analysis and root-locus method. Moreover, two methods are discussed in order to estimate the optimum ICS, without measuring it directly. The studied power system is a 100 MW DFIG-based wind farm connected to a series-compensated line whose parameters are taken from the IEEE first benchmark model (FBM) for computer simulation of the SSR. MATLAB/Simulink is used as a tool for modeling and designing the SSRDC, and power system computer aided design/electromagnetic transients including dc (PSCAD/EMTDC) is used to perform time-domain simulation for design process validation.
A probabilistic multi-objective approach for FACTS devices allocation with di...IJECEIAES
This study presents a probabilistic multi-objective optimization approach to obtain the optimal locations and sizes of static var compensator (SVC) and thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC) in a power transmission network with large level of wind generation. In this study, the uncertainties of the wind power generation and correlated load demand are considered. The uncertainties are modeled in this work using the points estimation method (PEM). The optimization problem is solved using the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm to find the best position and rating of the flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices. The objective of the problem is to maximize the system loadability while minimizing the power losses and FACTS devices installation cost. Additionally, a technique based on fuzzy decision-making approach is employed to extract one of the Pareto optimal solutions as the best compromise one. The proposed approach is applied on the modified IEEE 30bus system. The numerical results evince the effectiveness of the proposed approach and shows the economic benefits that can be achieved when considering the FACTS controller.
Implementation of RTOS on STM32F4 Microcontroller to Control Parallel Boost f...IJERA Editor
The DC-DC converter is operated with pulse width modulation (PWM) and controlled by modifying duty cycle.
The PWM is easy developed on microcontroller system, but the problem become complex when some control
algorithm implemented to determine duty cycle value. Multitasking is needed to handle sensor, control algorithm
and user interface system. This paper discusses the application of Real Time Operating System (RTOS) to
handle multitasking process on STM32F407 ARM Cortex M4 microcontroller to control parallel boost converter
with load sharing algorithm for photovoltaic (PV) battery charging application. The first OS task is to run MPPT
to get maximum energy from PV. This first OS task is implemented to control the first boost converter. Then,
The second OS task to run fuzzy logic controller to control battery charging current with load sharing energy.
This second OS task is task implemented to control second boost converter. The measurement of current and
voltage of both converter side, display and user interface system also handled with OS task. As the result, each
designed task could run well with recommended OS task priority for MPPT and Fuzzy is IRQ task and for
TFT_LCD_displayosPriorityAboveNormal.
This document describes a Microsoft Excel-based analytical tool developed by Mafraha Jahan to assess the energy performance of educational buildings. The tool has two sections: an initial assessment screen for administrative personnel and detailed analysis tabs for facility/engineering personnel. It has 17 tabs for billing information, temperature profiles, HVAC details, and analyzing 12 potential energy performance measures. The tool helps prioritize energy usage sectors, propose measures, and calculate annual energy/cost savings and paybacks to identify the most economical measures.
Renewable Energy Integration in Smart Grids: A Review of Recent Solutions to ...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of recent solutions to integrating renewable energy into smart grids. It identifies the most prevalent issues with renewable energy integration, such as the intermittency of sources like solar and wind power, and issues with grid voltage and frequency stability. It then summarizes several selected solutions that have been proposed to address these challenges, including using energy storage systems, advanced inverters, machine learning for power forecasting, and systems to improve grid stability like synchronverters. The review concludes that while progress has been made in renewable energy integration, continued work is still needed to fully address the multidimensional problems involved.
Model predictive controller for a retrofitted heat exchanger temperature cont...nooriasukmaningtyas
This paper aims to demonstrate the practical aspects of process control theory for undergraduate students at the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Bahrain. Both, the ubiquitous proportional integral derivative (PID) as well as model predictive control (MPC) and their auxiliaries were designed and implemented in a real-time framework. The latter was realized through retrofitting an existing plate-and-frame heat exchanger unit that has been operated using an analog PID temperature controller. The upgraded control system consists of a personal computer (PC), low-cost signal conditioning circuit, national instruments USB 6008 data acquisition card, and LabVIEW software. LabVIEW control design and simulation modules were used to design and implement the PID and MPC controllers. The performance of the designed controllers was evaluated while controlling the outlet temperature of the retrofitted plate-and-frame heat exchanger. The distinguished feature of the MPC controller in handling input and output constraints was perceived in real-time. From a pedagogical point of view, realizing the theory of process control through practical implementation was substantial in enhancing the student’s learning and the instructor’s teaching experience.
Survey on deep learning applied to predictive maintenance IJECEIAES
Prognosis health monitoring (PHM) plays an increasingly important role in the management of machines and manufactured products in today’s industry, and deep learning plays an important part by establishing the optimal predictive maintenance policy. However, traditional learning methods such as unsupervised and supervised learning with standard architectures face numerous problems when exploiting existing data. Therefore, in this essay, we review the significant improvements in deep learning made by researchers over the last 3 years in solving these difficulties. We note that researchers are striving to achieve optimal performance in estimating the remaining useful life (RUL) of machine health by optimizing each step from data to predictive diagnostics. Specifically, we outline the challenges at each level with the type of improvement that has been made, and we feel that this is an opportunity to try to select a state-of-the-art architecture that incorporates these changes so each researcher can compare with his or her model. In addition, post-RUL reasoning and the use of distributed computing with cloud technology is presented, which will potentially improve the classification accuracy in maintenance activities. Deep learning will undoubtedly prove to have a major impact in upgrading companies at the lowest cost in the new industrial revolution, Industry 4.0.
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Electricity demand forecasts are required by companies who need to predict their customers’ demand, and by those wishing to trade electricity as a commodity on financial markets. It is hard to find the right prediction method for a given application if not a prediction expert. Recent works show that Liquid State Machines (LSM’s) can be applied to the prediction of time series. The main advantage of the LSM is that it projects the input data in a high-dimensional dynamical space and therefore simple learning methods can be used to train the readout. In this paper we present an experimental investigation of an approach for the computation of time series prediction by employing Liquid State Machines (LSM) in the modeling of a predictor in a case study for short-term and long-term electricity demand forecasting. Results of this investigation are promising, considering the error to stop training the readout, the number of iterations of training of the readout and that no strategy of seasonal adjustment or preprocessing of data was achieved to extract non-correlated data out of the time series.
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Worldwide Who's Who Press release from LinkedInRobert Edwards
Robert Edwards has over 45 years of experience in nuclear power plant digital control and safety systems. He owns Edwards Analysis and Consulting, which provides digital control system licensing and consulting services. Edwards had a long career as a professor of nuclear engineering at Penn State University, where he also received his PhD. He applies his expertise to continuously update his business and help clients license digital safety systems.
This curriculum vitae outlines the career of Robert M. Edwards, including his educational background in nuclear engineering, employment history focusing on nuclear engineering roles, areas of research interest in nuclear reactor control and simulation, graduate theses supervised, publications, and courses taught at Penn State. Edwards has over 40 years of experience in nuclear engineering and was a professor of nuclear engineering at Penn State until his retirement in 2012.
The document describes a Small Break Water Reactor (SBWR) test loop with a chimney enclosed in a 6 inch Pyrex glass tube to view boiling, surrounded by a Plexiglas safety enclosure. An electrically heated rod bundle is located below the chimney and a LabVIEW control station is on the second floor to operate the test loop.
The TMI Basic Principles Simulator was donated to Penn State in January 2001. A photo shows Professor Edwards standing to the left of Sacit Ceitner, who was then at Penn State but is now at ORNL. The simulator will aid in nuclear engineering education at Penn State.
This curriculum vita summarizes Robert M. Edwards' research and scholarly publications, research projects completed, and participation in seminars and workshops. It includes over 30 refereed journal articles and conference papers authored or co-authored by Edwards spanning the years 1979-1991. The vita also lists 6 research projects led by Edwards from 1987-1991 totaling over $400,000, focusing on power plant simulation, reactor concepts, and diagnostic systems. Finally, it provides details on Edwards' participation and roles in 4 nuclear-related seminars and workshops between 1989-1990.
The document discusses design features to achieve defense in depth for small and medium sized reactors. It provides background on interest in SMR development among IAEA member states. The objective is to help SMR designers define consistent approaches to eliminate accident initiators and prevent consequences through inherent and passive safety features. The report considers general principles for incorporating such features and reactor-specific considerations. It describes approaches for pressurized water, pressurized heavy water, high temperature gas cooled, liquid metal cooled, and non-conventional SMR designs to achieve multiple levels of protection.
This letter recommends that Mr. Edgar Salazar attend an IAEA-sponsored training from April to May 2002 along with Mr. Ocampo. Mr. Salazar has experience with hardware and software for networks and simulators, which could help link models to hardware and the simulator. The training would not require additional expenses, but Mr. Salazar would need to arrange funding for travel, housing, and other personal costs.
The document discusses exploratory dynamic modeling of a nuclear-powered Brayton cycle system for a proposed Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter (JIMO) mission. System integration is challenging because component models are often incompatible and simplified models must be used. The modeling effort used steady-state design data from reports on a 50MW reactor and 500kWe Brayton power conversion unit. A dynamic fuel pin model was coupled to a Brayton unit model based on equations from another report. Preliminary simulations showed an unintuitive reactor power increase when load decreased, consistent with other work, indicating a reactor control system would be needed. Further system integration work is still required for the JIMO project.
Robert M. Edwards of Penn State presents exploratory modeling of nuclear electric propulsion (NEP) systems. The modeling includes reactor kinetics equations, fuel pin thermal dynamics, and integration with a Brayton power conversion system. Dynamic simulations are developed in Simulink to examine responses of reactor power and temperature to reactivity inputs, as well as pressure responses in the gas circulation loops. The modeling aims to integrate detailed component models for reactor cores, heat exchangers and power conversion to enable system-level simulations and control design studies of NEP concepts.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
1) The document is an email from Robert Edwards about his father who served in World War 2. It includes photos of his father after the war with his family, an item from his father's time as a POW, and telegrams his mother received regarding his father being MIA, a POW, and returning to the US.
2) Robert remembers the day his father was found hanging from an apple tree behind where the family photo was taken. His father had killed himself.
3) Robert plans to sue USAA for failing to provide Power of Attorney documents to Mindy Thomas as ordered by a court.
This document summarizes the graduate theses supervised and research publications of an Associate Professor. It lists 14 graduate students whose theses were supervised between 1995-2001, focusing on nuclear engineering topics related to instrumentation and control. It also lists over 20 research publications in refereed journals and conference proceedings between 1995-2001 related to modeling, simulation, and control of nuclear power plants. The professor has also served in leadership roles for several professional societies.
REVISED A History of Control Ed. and Res. at Penn StateRobert Edwards
Control education at Penn State began in 1961 when Mortimer Schultz was hired to teach the world's first courses in nuclear reactor control. He authored the first textbook on the subject. Subsequent faculty like Dr. Kenney and Dr. Edwards expanded Penn State's leadership in control education and research. In the 1980s and 90s, Penn State secured major grants to demonstrate advanced digital control technologies at the Experimental Breeder Reactor-II. Faculty and students conducted pioneering work in fault-tolerant control and other areas. While control education and research remained strong through 2012, it was deemphasized after Dr. Edwards' retirement with no replacement hired in that field.
REVISED A History of Control Ed. and Res. at Penn State
IAEA_report
1. End of Mission Report
Nuclear System Instability Modeling Implementation Review of the
Laguna Verde Nuclear Power Station Classroom Analysis Simulator
ADMINISTRATIVE INFOMATION
Project No.: MEX/9/045 Task 04
Project Title: A Classroom Analysis Simulator for the Laguna Verde Nuclear
Power Plant
Mission/Task Title: Nuclear System Instability Modeling (Implementation Review)
Prepared by: Dr. Robert M. Edwards, Agency Personnel No: T538154
rmenuc@engr.psu.edu
Dates of Assignment: September 27-October 3, 1998
Duty Station: IIE, UREN, Cuernavaca, Morelos, MEXICO
Contact: Dr. Carlos Chavez-Mercado, Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas,
UREN, Av. Reforma No: 113, Col. Palmira, 62490 Temixco,
Morelos, MEXICO. cchavez@iie.org.mx
TERMS OF REFERENCE (A description of the specific objectives of the assignment and
the duties performed by the expert as they relate to the objectives ...)
The objective of the assignment was to review the classroom BWR simulation modeling,
concentrating on neutronics aspects, especially treatment of BWR instabilities. Robert M.
Edwards is Associate Professor of Nuclear Engineering at the Pennsylvania State University,
USA. He teaches senior and graduate level courses in nuclear reactor control, chemical
process control, nuclear reactor physics experiments, power plant modeling and control,
and simulator design. His research has included application of advanced control techniques
to nuclear reactors and power plants, development of real-time plant-wide simulation, and
stability modeling and monitoring of Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) systems.
STATUS OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION (An assessment at the time of arrival of
the situation regarding staffing, training, equipment and facilities as applicable within the
context of the assignment)
Carlos Chavez-Mercado Control and Supervision Processes Department
Jaime Morales Nuclear Energy Department
Hector Ocampo Nuclear Energy Department
Pedro Mendoza Nuclear Energy Department
Conzepcion Hernadez Simulation Department
2. Simulation Department
The Classroom Analysis Simulator (CAS) [1,2] is described as a multi-computer, multiple
code-based system with a sophisticated direct manipulation advanced graphical interface. It
includes virtual representation of control panels and is being designed to fulfill training and
on/off line analysis requirements under normal, abnormal and severe accident operational
modes.
At present, two codes are independently implemented for simulation. First, the MAAP code
[3] is used to model a loss of coolant event where the reactor is scrammed;i.e., neutronic
power is rapidly decreased. The reactor primary system is also isolated from the rest of the
plant, which thus does not require to be modeled. Second, the VASIJA code [4,5] is used to
model normal operating transients in the operating power production range; i.e., exclusive of
startup and shutdown operations and accident conditions. It is during the normal operation
of the plant where BWR instability events occur. Two types of instability events are of
concern and have been observed in operating reactors. In one case referred to as an
in-phase instability event, the total reactor power and coolant flow rate time response
develops to a nonlinear limit cycle of potentially large amplitude. This type of event
occurred at Laguna Verde Nuclear Power Station in 1995 [6]. In a second case, referred to
as an out-of-phase instability event, local regions of the reactor undergo the development of
nonlinear local power and local flow limit cycle where localized fuel damage is of concern,
but the total reactor power and coolant rate are not indicative of a potential problem. Much
work has been performed throughout the world to fully understand the phenomena and
properly avoid and mitigate the potential consequences of potential BWR instability. The
principal technique to avoid and respond to an instability event is through operating
procedures and operator training, thus motivating an essential application of the CAS to
enhance training to avoid core damage and its associated potential economic, safety, and
public relations consequences.
The VASIJA code was developed in Mexico. It models the neutronics of the reactor with
the point-kinetics equations that provide the total power of the reactor. The reactor core
thermal-hydraulics is represented with a single channel with 13 or 25 axial nodes where 2
mass equations, for liquid and vapor, momentum, and energy equation are solved. A loop
form of the momentum equation is employed. The axial power profile is an input to the
simulation. Upper and lower plenums of the reactor vessel and recirculation flow loops are
also modeled. Reactivity feedbacks to the point kinetics equations are provided through
polynomial curvefits to the core-average void fraction, fuel temperature, and coolant
temperature. Although information displays have been developed for the balance of the
plant, including steam turbines and feedwater systems, a dynamic model of the balance of the
plant has not been implemented in the CAS. The feedwater flow and steam boundary
conditions of the reactor primary system are inputs to the CAS VASIJA model.
In principle, the VASIJA code may have the capability to replicate the in-phase instability
event such as has occurred at Luguna Verde. However, the current implementation on the
CAS does not demonstrate that capability.
3. Discussions indicated that the IAEA has arranged to soon provide a five-year license for the
RELAP R5-3DI code [7] and the computers capable of real-time execution. This system of
codes is expected to provide a detailed 3-dimensinonal neutron kinetic and thermal hydraulic
simulation of a BWR core during both normal and severe accident conditions. Some work
has already been initiated to develop the necessary network communications to interface an
earlier version of RELAP/SCDAP and MELCOR [8] simulation system to the CAS display
and human-machine interface system. The system should be capable of both in-phase and
out-of-phase instability event simulation.
The organization and staffing level to support continued development of the CAS has been
reduced since the end of 1997. At the end of 1997, the expected development of the CAS
for utilization at the Laguna Verde plant was indefinitely deferred, presumably until there is a
hard requirement that plant operators be trained in severe accident scenarios. The principal
CAS manager, Carlos Chavez-Mercado, was reassigned from the Nuclear Energy
Department to the Control and Supervision Processes Department. All of the CAS equipment
was also moved from the Nuclear Energy Department to the new department except for the
ceiling mounted NEC 9PG Plus Multisync Projector. The moved equipment appears to be
in good working order in its new environment. (See the Document 1D Attachment on
Technical Co-operation Implementation Division – Project Equipment Status.)
The assignment of staff to support the project has been reduced from 2.8 full-time equivalent
to 1.15 full-time-equivalent personnel. Carlos Chavez-Mercado has been allocated 15% of
his time to manage the project with the remaining support to come from the Nuclear Energy
Department. It was explained that continued development of the CAS is desired in case it
should be needed at the Laguna Verde plant at some point in the future and for other
simulation opportunities. However, the loss of the anticipated financial support from CFE
for the Laguna Verde Plant implementation has apparently made continued IIE assignment
of personnel at the previous level difficult to reconcile at the present time.
WORK PROGRAMME: (A description of activities, emphasizing matters relating to
project implementation...)
Discussions of organization and staffing at the IIE to support the CAS were
conducted as a way of introduction to the project.
Pedro Mendosa presented his work on stability monitoring. The MOPIN (Pilot
Monitor for Nuclear Instability [9]) system utilizes an Adaptive Digital Filter and
Time Series Analysis to rapidly estimate the decay ratio of typical signals
encountered in BWR stability events. The system was developed using
sinusoidal inputs with superimposed noise and also verified using actual data
recorded from the Laguna Verde instability event.
Demonstration of the CAS graphical presentation and human-machine interface
for the BB0-09 Emergency Systems was performed. The graphical interface
provides an accurate replication of the Emergency Systems Control panel at the
Laguna Verde Power Plant and provides a mechanism for a student trainee to
4. interact with the simulation models using realistic graphical replication of the
Laguna Verde hardwired panel.
A simulation scenario for a loss of coolant accident was demonstrated using the
MAAP code interfaced to the BB-09 replica simulator
A simulation scenario was demonstrated for transient operation using the
VASIJA code interfaced to a simplified graphical control panel and process
schematic diagram with real-time data display. User control of the simulation
included changing the valve positions in the recirculation lines, recirculation
pump hi-lo speed setting and trip status.
The documentation of the modeling of the VASIJA code was studied
Discussions with personnel from the IIE Simulation department were conducted
to obtain an understanding the modeling capability, status, and plans of the
Laguna Verde replica simulator currently utilized for operator training.
Closing discussions to summarize the mission were conducted.
CONCLUSIONS: (An assessment of the results and impact of the expert’s assignment,
relevant conclusions, including an evaluation of the degree of success in solving the
problems encountered ...)
The conclusions and recommendations that follow are the Expert’s and are not to be
considered a commitment on the part of the International Atomic Energy Agency
Broaden Customer Base for the CAS: The impression obtained from discussions is that
the loss of the potential implementation of a CAS as part of Laguna Verde training operations
has resulted in a deemphasis and reduced internal support for aggressive development of the
CAS. It was suggested that the developers seek ways to develop a broader utilization of the
CAS so as not to be so severely dependent on a single customer. Based on the expert’s
experience in academia, it was suggested that the CAS and its development could afford a
wealth of opportunities in university education and research. In addition to nuclear reactor
modeling and simulation, the CAS involves general computer science, human machine
interaction, and electrical and mechanical engineering disciplines. Increased interaction
within the national and international university communities can also further the general
public understanding of nuclear power as an environmentally clean and safe energy source
and thus derive public support for government agencies to allocate resources to projects such
as CAS.
Expand and Validate Simplified Modeling of BWR Stability Phenomena: Although there is
an already planned expansion of the CAS capabilities with the RELAP/SCDAP codes, it is
suggested that some work be performed to implement some simplified simulation modeling
that accurately represents observed and possible instability behavior at Laguna Verde. The
possible advantages of this approach are 1) the computer capabilities, development, and
maintenance requirements would be less, 2) the explanation of the phenomena may be more
easily adaptable for initial instability event training purposes, and 3) a simpler level system
would be easier to use for preliminary studies of stability monitoring methods and
man-machine interface research and design. The RELAP/SCDAP system, once fully
5. developed and validated, could be used for advanced testing and training, including severe
accident conditions.
One approach to address simplified modeling for stability events may be to further study
some modifications of the VASIJA model, which is already operational. Other simplified
modeling capabilities will become available when Miguel Cecenas-Falcon completes his
Ph.D. degree in Nuclear Engineering at Penn State and returns to Mexico in 1999. He has
already developed some simplified modeling, which includes the capability of out-of-phase
stability events.
All simulation models must be capable of replicating the Laguna Verde stability event as a
minimum requirement.
Expand Development and Testing of MOPIN: It appears that the MOPIN stability
monitoring methodology may be suitable for continued development as a stability monitor,
especially if it could gain consideration for utilization at an actual plant. To help gain this
consideration, MOPIN and an appropriate human-machine interface could be developed and
implemented on a validated CAS instability event simulation. The possibility of producing
a CAS simulation of the currently stability monitoring techniques at Laguna Verde should be
investigated. If implementation of the Laguna Verde stability monitoring techniques on the
CAS were feasible, the CAS would be an ideal environment to evaluate and benchmark
performance of alternative stability monitoring techniques, human-machine-interface, and
human performance.
Add Balance of Plant Simulation to CAS: Simulation of Balance of Plant (BOP) (steam
turbine and controls, electrical generator and controls, condenser, feedwater heaters and
controls, and feedwater pumps and controls) has not been added to the CAS. The BOP may
interact with the primary system to help initiate, reinforce, or mitigate the consequences of an
instability event or accident. The BOP behavior may distract or confuse operators and must
be included for comprehensive training purposes. One approach to add the Laguna Verde
BOP simulation capabilities is to obtain and integrate the model that is currently used in the
Laguna Verde replica simulator. Another approach suggested is to investigate the Modular
Modeling System (MMS) and Simulator Development Tools (SDT) which are marketed by
Framatome Technologies (FT), Lyncburg, VA, USA[10]. The FT simulation products have
been in use at Penn State University for over 12 years and have been used in numerous
university research projects incorporating real-time simulation of complete fossil and nuclear
power plants. The FT simulation products have also been used for teaching courses in
power plant modeling, simulation and control. Currently, the FT simulator products are
being used in a multi-year simulator design course at Penn State. The simulator design
course is converting the SEL computer system of the General Public Utilities (GPU) Three
Mile Island (TMI) basic principles simulator to a Windows-NT system. THE GPU TMI
simulator was donated to Penn State in July 1998. A possible advantage of adopting the FT
MMS-SDT for the CAS BOP simulation is that it can probably be more readily adapted to
other types of power plants than using the dedicated modeling deployed on the Laguna Verde
replica simulator. A possible disadvantage is that it may initially cost more than adapting
the Laguna Verde replica simulator BOP modeling. At Penn State, the cost of the FT
simulation products has been minimal due to special pricing available to universities.
6. Continue Development and Implementation of RELAP/SCDAP and MELCOR: Since the
IAEA has already planned to obtain a five-year license for RELAP R5-3DI and associated
computer systems to operate in real-time for integration with CAS, this effort should
continue. There is not presently any apparent technical reason why these systems cannot be
successfully integrated to provide severe accident training capabilities at Laguna Verde as
well as excellent facility to be adapted to other nuclear power system training at other
facilities around the world.
Training Recommendations: Currently planned training with the RELAP/SCDAP software
should be continued. Additional training is recommended to provide expanded
understanding of Balance of Plant (BOP) Simulation. BOP simulation training could be
provided at Penn State using the Framatome Technologies simulation products.
SUMMARY:
Of the recommendations, the continuation of development and implementation of
RELAP/SCDAP and MELCOR for the CAS would require the most effort. A two-year
project proposal extension, beginning in 1999, was submitted by the IIE to the IAEA in
February 1998 and is currently pending approval. The proposed effort by IIE provides for a
100% commitment by Carlos Chavez-Mercado and four additional IIE researchers. This
level of effort is necessary and is also far greater than the 1.15 full-time equivalent personnel
that are currently allocated to the project. In particular, a full-time commitment is required
by Carlos Chavez-Mercado because of his extensive experience, developed over the last 10
years, to interface a wide variety of simulation codes to the CAS environment. Other
supporting expert personnel from the nuclear energy department are required to setup input
data and validate performance of simulation codes to accurately represent Laguna Verde, but
these experts cannot easily interface the codes to the CAS environment without extensive
additional training.
REFERENCES:
1. Chavez-Mercado, Carlos, Ä Classroom Analysis Simulator for the Laguna Verde
Nuclear Power Plant,¨ The 1996 American Nuclear Society International Topical
Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumenation, Control, and Human Machine Interface
Technologies, NPIC&HMIT´96, University Park, PA, May 6-9, 1996.
2. Chavez-Mercado, Carlos, Än Advanced Graphical Human Machine Interface For A
Classroom Analysis Simulator of Nuclear Processes,¨Proceedings of the IERE
Workshop Human Factors in Nuclear Power Plants, TEPCO R&D Center, Tokyo Japan,
1996
3. Valdes-Oaura, S., Ïncorporaciou del Cadigo MAAP en el Prototipo del Simulador de
Aula,¨ Reporte Interno IIE/13/10565/I002/F/N, Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas,
Mexico, 1997
7. 4. Juan Carlos Ramos-Pablos, ¨Simulacion en Tiempo Real de la Termohidraulica de un
Reactor de Aqua Hirviente,¨ A Masters of Science Thesis in Nuclear Engineering,
Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Departamento de Ingenieria Nuclear, Diciembre de 1991.
5. Ocampo-Mansilla, Hector, ¨Adaptacion al Simulador de Aula Prototipo de un Modelo
Para Simular la Termohidraulica de la VASIJA del Reactor Nuclear de Laguna
Verde,¨Reporte Interno IIE/13/10565/I003/F/N, Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas,
Mexico, 1997
6. Gonzales-Mercado, V.M., R. Amador Garcia, R. Castillo, J.L. Hernandez, Änalisis del
Evento de Osciñaciones de Potencia en la CN Laguna Verde,¨CNSNS-TR-13, rev. 0,
Preliminary Report, April 1995.
7. RELAP5-3D Code Executive and Short Description, Idaho National Engineering &
Environmental Laboratory, GWJ/01/06/98.
8. Workshop on Severe Accident Codes MELCOR and SCDAP/RELAP Application,
Cuernavaca, Morelos, MEXICO, September 1998.
9. Mendoza E., P.R., ¨MOPIN: Monitor Piloto de Estabilidad Nuclear, Reporte Interno
IIE/13/11054/I002/F/N. Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Mexico, 1998
10. MMS