The document describes various types of epithelial, connective, and muscle tissues. It includes microscopic images and descriptions of simple squamous epithelium found in the kidney, simple cuboidal epithelium in the thyroid gland, simple columnar epithelium in the gallbladder, stratified squamous keratinized epithelium in the palm of the hands, stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium in the vagina, pseudostratified columnar epithelium in the upper respiratory tract, transitional epithelium in the urinary bladder, loose areolar connective tissue, dense regular connective tissue in tendon, reticular connective tissue in the spleen, elastic connective tissue in the aorta wall, embryonic connective tissue from a developing

1. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Section 1E Group 1
Ojas, Johnry
Ola-o, Tracy Mae
Olidan, Joyce
Onia, Luriel Jay
Orlino, Rosabel Mikaela
Orpiano, Maricar
Pablico, Angelica Rocelle
Pajas, Jay Vee

2. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Simple Squamous Epithelium

3. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Simple Cuboidal (Kidney)

4. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Simple Columnar (lining of
stomach and intestines)

5. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Stratified Squamous Non keratinized Epithelium (Vagina)

6. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Stratified Cuboidal (Parotid Gland)

7. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Stratified Columnar (Larynx)

8. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Pseudostratified Columnar (Trachea)

9. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Transitional Epithelium (Urinary Bladder)

10. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Ciliated Simple Columnar (Uterine Tube)

11. CONNECTIVE
TISSUESection 1E Group 1
Ojas, Johnry
Ola-o, Tracy Mae
Olidan, Joyce
Onia, Luriel Jay
Orlino, Rosabel Mikaela
Orpiano, Maricar
Pablico, Angelica Rocelle
Pajas, Jay Vee

12. CONNECTIVE
TISSUELoose (areolar)
connective tissue

13. CONNECTIVE
TISSUELoose (reticular)
connective tissue

14. CONNECTIVE
TISSUEAdipose Tissue

15. CONNECTIVE
TISSUEDense Regular
Connective Tissue

16. CONNECTIVE
TISSUEDense Irregular
Connective Tissue

17. CONNECTIVE
TISSUEMucous connective
tissue

18. MUSCLE TISSUE
Section 1E Group 1
Ojas, Johnry
Ola-o, Tracy Mae
Olidan, Joyce
Onia, Luriel Jay
Orlino, Rosabel Mikaela
Orpiano, Maricar
Pablico, Angelica Rocelle
Pajas, Jay Vee

19. MUSCLE TISSUE
Skeletal muscle tissue

20. MUSCLE TISSUE
Cardiac Muscle tissue

21. MUSCLE TISSUE
Smooth muscle

22. 1-E GROUP 2
• Palmones, Denise Abegail C
• Palangdosan, Nephle M.
• Palec, Ira D.
• Palos, Regina Joie Q.
• Pamerol, Jean Joy Rose P.
• Palomo, John Paul A.
• Pangatungan, Honey Joy I.
• Panolino, Charlene Mae. G.
H
I
S
T
O
L
G
Y
L
A
B
O
R
A
T
O
R
Y

23. SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
• TISSUE SAMPLE: Renal corpuscle in renal cortical tissue
• DESCRIPTION: Micrograph of a renal cortical tissue showing the renal corpuscle lined with
simple squamous epithelium.
• FUNCTION: The simple squamous epithelium in the renal corpuscle acts as a lining which is
essential in creating a filtration membrane between glomerulus and glomerular space. It usually
covers surfaces that allow transport of substances or fluid.
• SOURCE: Atlas of Histology, Victor P. Eroschenko, 13th ed., page 129
MAGNIFICATION: 120 x I STAIN: Masson trichome
Apical surface
Nucleus (flattened)
Basement membrane

24. Click to add subtitle
SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
• TISSUE SAMPLE: thyroid gland follicles
• DESCRIPTION:
 simple cuboidal epithelium of thyrocytes with a central
lumen densely filled with gelatinous acidophilic colloid
 spherical nuclei (red arrow ) are centrally located
• FUNCTION:
 synthesis of colloid and secretion of thyroid hormones
(thyroxine and triiodothyronine)
References: Ross Histology & Atlas with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology 6th ed. p. 674;
Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlation p. 769;
Secretory
vesicles
Lumen w/ colloid
Small
microvill
i
Nucleus
Basement
membrane
Electron micrograph of the simple cuboidal epithelium
that lines follicles within the thyroid gland; X 7,900
MAGNIFICATION: X 500 I STAIN: H & E
Apical surface
Nucleus
Basement
membrane
capillary

25. • Click to add subtitle
SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
• TISSUE SAMPLE: gall bladder
• DESCRIPTION:
 free surface of the epithelial cells is exposed to the
lumen of the gallbladder, and the basal surface is
in apposition to the adjacent connective tissue
 Elongated nuclei located towards the base
• FUNCTION:
Absorption of water across apical microvilli (MV)
and release into the intercellular spaces (arrows)
along the folded basolateral cell membranes. From
these spaces water is quickly removed by capillaries
in the lamina propria.
MAGNIFICATION: X 540 I STAIN: H & E X 5600
I TEM
Basement
membran
e
nucleus
microvilli
Reference: Junqueria’s Basic Histology 13yhe ed. p. 341
Ross Histology & Atlas with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology 6th ed. p. 674

26. • Click to add subtitle
STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS KERATINIZED EPITHELIUM
• TISSUE SAMPLE: Palm of Hands
• DESCRIPTION:
 from many layers, with the less
differentiated cuboidal cells near the
basement membrane. They become
more irregular in shape and then flatten
as they accumulate keratin
• FUNCTION:
 keratin on the surface layer of the tissue
helps protect against water loss across
the epithelium
 protection against easy invasion of
underlying tissue by microorganisms MAGNIFICATION: X 40 I STAIN: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Reference: diFiore’s Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlation 11th ed. p. 61

27. • Click to add subtitle
STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS NONKERATINIZED EPITHELIUM
• TISSUE SAMPLE: vaginal epithelium
• DESCRIPTION:
 composed of many layers of cells where the surface layer are
flattened and retains their nuclei and most metabolic functions
• FUNCTION:
 serves as protective lining and for secretion of mucus
MAGNIFICATION: X 165 I STAIN: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Reference: diFiore’s Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlation 11th ed.

28. • Click to add subtitle
STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
• TISSUE SAMPLE: excretory duct in salivary gland
• DESCRIPTION:
 consists of two layers of cuboidal cells
• FXN: protection
Reference: diFiore’s Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlation 11th ed. p. 61
MAGNIFICATION: X 100 I STAIN: Hematoxylin and Eosin
epitheliu
m
lumen
Basement
membrane
Superficial nucleus
basal nucleus

29. • Click to add subtitle
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
• TISSUE SAMPLE: upper respiratory tract
• DESCRIPTION:
 Nuclei disposed at different levels created illusion
of cellular stratification
• FUNCTION:
 Secretion and transport: wafting effect produced by
cilia (C) causes mucus secreted by goblet cells (G)
to flow in that direction typically outside the body.
E.M.; X 1200
Reference: diFiore’s Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlation 11th ed. p. 99
Ross Histology & Atlas with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology 6th ed. p. 674
Cilia
Goblet cells
Basement
membrane
nucleus
MAGNIFICATION: X 400 I STAIN: Hematoxylin and Eosin

30. • Click to add subtitle
TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM
• TISSUE SAMPLE: urinary bladder
• DESCRIPTION:
 superficial cells are rounded or dome-shaped
 Several layers of polyhedral cells
 cuboidal/columnar basal cells
 undistented state: 5or 6 cell layers
• FUNCTION:
 allows distension of the urinary organs during urine
accumulation and contraction of these organs during
the emptying process without breaking the cell contacts
in the epithelium
 presence of specialized membrane features enabling
them to withstand the hypertonic effects of urine and
protect underlying cells from this toxic solution
Reference: DiFiore’s Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlation 11th ed. p. 39 & 397
MAGNIFICATION: medium I STAIN: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Inset: medium, H&E
Basal membrane
Apical surface

31. Connective Tissue
1-E GROUP 2
• Palmones, Denise Abegail C
• Palangdosan, Nephle M.
• Palec, Ira D.
• Palos, Regina Joie Q.
• Pamerol, Jean Joy Rose P.
• Palomo, John Paul A.
• Pangatungan, Honey Joy I.
• Panolino, Charlene Mae. G.
H
I
S
T
O
L
G
Y
L
A
B
O
R
A
T
O
R
Y

32. LOOSE (AREOLAR) CONNECTIVE TISSUE
MAGNIFICATION: 340 x I STAIN:
Hematoxylin and eosin
Description: Gel-like matrix with all three fiber types; cells: fibroblasts, macrophages,
mast cells, and some white blood cells.
Function: Wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays
important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid
SOURCE: Marieb and Hoehn, Human Anatomy and Physiology, 9th ed., page 131

33. DENSE REGULAR C.T.
(TENDON)
MAGNIFICATION: 430 x I STAIN: Hematoxylin and
eosin
Description: Primarily parallel collagen fibers; a few elastic fibers; major cell type is the
fibroblast.
Function: Attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands
great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction.
SOURCE: Marieb and Hoehn, Human Anatomy and Physiology, 9th ed., page 133

34. DENSE IRREGULAR C.T. (FIBROUS CAPSULE
OF A JOINT)
MAGNIFICATION: 430 x I STAIN: Masson’s
trichrome
Description: Primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers; some elastic fibers;
fibroblast is the major cell type.
Function: Withstands tension exerted in many directions; provides structural
strength.
SOURCE: Marieb and Hoehn, Human Anatomy and Physiology, 9th ed., page 133

35. RETICULAR C.T. (SPLEEN)
MAGNIFICATION: 350 x I STAIN: Masson’s
trichrome
Description: Network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground substance; reticular
cells lie on the network.
Function: Fibers form a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types
including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages.
SOURCE: Marieb and Hoehn, Human Anatomy and Physiology, 9th ed., page 132

36. ELASTIC C. T. (WALL OF
AORTA)
MAGNIFICATION: 250 x I STAIN: Masson’s
trichrome
Description: Dense regular connective tissue containing a high proportion of elastic
fibers.
Function: Allows tissue to recoil after stretching; maintains pulsatile flow of blood
through arteries; aids passive recoil of lungs following inspiration
SOURCE: Marieb and Hoehn, Human Anatomy and Physiology, 9th ed., page 134

37. EMBRYONIC C. T. (MESENCHYMAL TISSUE FROM A
DEVELOPING FETUS)
Description: tapered or spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells with their
cytoplasmic processes; contains a sparse arrangement of reticular fibers
and abundant ground substance.
Function: Gives rise to all other connective tissue
SOURCE: Ross and Pawlina, Histology: A text and Atlas,6th Ed. p. 160
MAGNIFICATION: 480 x I STAIN: Hematoxylin
and eosin
Cytoplasmic
process
Nucleus of
mesenchymal cell
Ground
substance
Reticular fiber

38. Muscle Tissue
1-E GROUP 2
• Palmones, Denise Abegail C
• Palangdosan, Nephle M.
• Palec, Ira D.
• Palos, Regina Joie Q.
• Pamerol, Jean Joy Rose P.
• Palomo, John Paul A.
• Pangatungan, Honey Joy I.
• Panolino, Charlene Mae. G.
H
I
S
T
O
L
G
Y
L
A
B
O
R
A
T
O
R
Y

39. SKELETAL MUSCLES
(TONGUE)
DESCRIPTION: Micrograph of a tongue tissue in longitudinal and transverse sections,
showing the myofibrils, connective tissues, and peripheral nuclei in muscle fibers
FUNCTION: Skeletal muscle allows movement of tongue essential for mastication and speech.
SOURCE: Atlas of Histology, Victor P. Eroschenko, 13th ed., page 300
Junqueira Hisyology, 14th ed., page 194
MAGNIFICATION: 130 x I STAIN: Masson trichome
Peripheral nuclei
Striations
Muscle fiber

40. SMOOTH MUSCLES (SMALL INTESTINE)
DESCRIPTION: Micrograph of small intestine tissue showing the nuclei of two layers, the inner
circular layer and the outer longitudinal layer.
FUNCTION: The arrangement of smooth muscle and the lack of striations are essential in producing
partial, slow, and wavelike rhythmic contractions.
Source: Junqueira Histology, 14th ed., page 211
MAGNIFICATION: 140 x I STAIN: Hematoxylin and eosin
SMALL ARROWS: NUCLEI
INNER CIRCULAR LAYER
(cut lengthwise)
OUTER LONGITUDINAL LAYER
(cut transversely)

41. MAGNIFICATION: 200 x I STAIN: Hematoxylin and eosin
Nuclei
Intercalated disc
Branches
Closed-space striations
DESCRIPTION: Light microscopy of cardiac muscle in longitudinal section showing the
nuclei, intercalated discs, branching fibers, and closed-space striations.
FUNCTION: Cardiac muscle cells have branches connecting other cardiac muscle fibers.
The branching network and striations allows the heart to produce an efficient
contraction mechanism for emptying the heart.
Source: Junquiera Histology, 14th ed., page 209
CARDIAC MUSCLES

42. EPITHELIAL
TISSUES
SECTION 1E GROUP3
PAYAHNA, JEREMIAH
PEREDO, KRIZZA MARIE
PEREZ, ANTONI
PESCADOR, KATRINA CAMILLE
PINASEN, HERMINIA
POLAHON, LAICA
PONCE DE LEON, AUBREY
QUIPANES, KRISHA

43. SIMPLE SQUAMOUS
EPITHELIUM
DESCRIPTION: Single layer of flattened
cells ; the simplest of the epithelia.
FUNCTION: Allows passage of materials
by diffusion and filtration in sites where
protection is not important.
LOCATION: Kidney glomeruli; air sacs of
lungs; lining of the heart; blood vessels,
and lymphatic vessels; lining of ventral
body cavity (serosae).
In this example we see air sacs of lungs
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 200x
Tissue: Alveolar walls

44. SIMPLE CUBOIDAL
EPITHELIUM
DESCRIPTION: Single layer of cube-
like cells with large, spherical central
nuclei.
FUNCTION:
Secretion and absorption.
LOCATION: Kidney tubules; ducts
and secretory portions of small
glands; ovary surface.
We find these type of cells in
kidneys tubules
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 430x
Tissue: Kidney tubules

45. SIMPLE COLUMNAR
EPITHELIUM
DESCRIPTION: Single layer of tall cells with
round to oval nuclei; some cells bear cilia;
layer may contain mucus-secreting unicellular
glands (goblet cells).
FUNCTION: Absorption; secretion of mucus,
enzymes, and other substances; ciliated type
propels mucus (or reproductive cells) by
ciliary action.
LOCATION: Nonciliated type lines most of the
digestive tract (stomach to anal canal),
gallbladder, and excretory ducts of some
glands; ciliated variety lines small bronchi,
uterine tubes, and some regions of the
uterus.
Found in most of the digestive tract, like the
stomach
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 1150x
Tissue: Stomach mucosa

46. PSEUDOSTRATIFIED
CILIATED COLUMNAR
EPITHELIUM
DESCRIPTION: Single layer of cells of
different heights, some not reaching the
free surface; nuclei seen at different
levels; may contain mucus-secreting
goblet cells and bear cilia.
FUNCTION: Secretion, particularly of
mucus; propulsion of mucus by ciliary
action.
LOCATION: Nonciliated type in male’s
sperm-carrying ducts and ducts of large
glands; ciliated variety lines the trachea,
most of the upper respiratory tract.
Found in the trachea (just remember
cilia pushes mucus up, in the trachea)
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 100x
Tissue: Lining of the esophagus

47. Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 100x
Tissue: Lining of the
esophagus
STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS
EPITHELIUMDESCRIPTION: Thick membrane composed
of several cell layers; basal cells are
cuboidal or columnar and metabolically
active, surface cells are flattened
(squamous); in the keratinized type, the
surface cells are full of keratin; basal cells
are active in mitosis and produce the cells
of more superficial layers.
FUNCTION: Protects underlying tissues in
areas subjected to abrasion.
LOCATION: Nonkeratinized type forms the
moist linings of the esophagus, mouth, and
vagina, urethra and anus; keratinized
variety form the epidermis of the skin, a
dry membrane.
Nonkeratinized forms in all places mucous
membranes are found

48. STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL
EPITHELIUM
DESCRIPTION: Generally
two layers of cube-like
cells.
FUNCTION: Protection
LOCATION: Largest ducts
of sweat glands,
mammary glands, and
salivary glands.
In this example we see an
excretory duct in the
salivary gland
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 100x
Tissue: Salivary gland duct

49. STRATIFIED COLUMNAR
EPITHELIUMDESCRIPTION: Several layers;
basal cells usually cuboidal;
superficial cells elongated and
columnar.
FUNCTION: Protection; secretion.
LOCATION: Rare in the body;
small amounts in the male
urethra and in large ducts of
some glands.
Very rare, found in male urethra
and large ducts of some glands
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 100x
Tissue: Salivary gland duct

50. TRANSITIONAL
EPITHELIUM
DESCRIPTION: Resembles both
stratified squamous and stratified
cuboidal; basal cells cuboidal or
columnar; surface cells dome-
shaped or squamous-like,
depending on degree or organ
stretch.
FUNCTION: Stretches readily and
permits distension of urinary organ
by contained urine.
LOCATION: Lines of the ureters,
bladder, and part of the urethra.
Everything urine-related because it
stretches (transitions) with
pressure like the urinary bladder
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 40x
Tissue: Urinary bladder

51. CONNECTIVETSSUES
Section1EGroup3
PAYAHNA, JEREMIAH
PEREDO, KRIZZA MARIE
PEREZ, ANTONI
PESCADOR, KATRINA CAMILLE
PINASEN, HERMINIA
POLAHON, LAICA
PONCE DE LEON, AUBREY
QUIPANES, KRISHA

52. LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: High
Tissue: Mesentery

53. DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosinn
Magnification: 200x
Tissue: Dermis

54.  DESCRIPTION: It is
made primarily of
parallel collagen
fibers, a few elastic
fibers and the major
cell type is the
fibroblast.
 FUNCTION: Strong
connections within
musculoskeletal
system.
 LOCATION: Prominent
in tendons and
ligament.
DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 1000x
Tissue: Tendon

55.  Description: Consists
predominantly of freely
branching elastic fibers,
thin collagen fibers and
fibroblast.
 Function: Allows
stretching of various
organs. Can recoil to
its original shape
after being stretched.
 Locations: Lung
tissue, trachea,
bronchial tube, walls
of some arteries,
ligaments supporting
the penis, and in
between the
vertebrae.
ELASTIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Stain: Blue stain
Magnification: 130x
Tissue: Wall of the aorta

56. RETICULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Stain: Gomori and Wilder silver nitrate staining
Magnification: 350x
Tissue: Internal skeleton of the spleen
 Description: Network
of reticular fibers in a
typical loose ground
substance reticular
cells lie on the
network .
 Function: Form a
stroma and provide
structural support.
 Location : Kidney,
spleen ,lymph node,
bone marrow .

57.  Description: Have a
surface layer of
epithelial cells
(Stratified squamous or
simple columnar
epithelium) over a
deeper layer of
connective tissue,
contains cells adaptive
for secretion and
absorption
 Function: The mucus
they secrete serve
primarily in protection
and lubrication.
 Location: Linings of the
digestive, respiratory
and reproductive tract
(nostrils, lips of the
mouth, eyelids, ears,
genital area, anus)
MUCOUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 200x
Tissue: Umbilical cord

58. MUSCLE TISSUES
Section 1E Group3
PAYAHNA, JEREMIAH
PEREDO, KRIZZA MARIE
PEREZ, ANTONI
PESCADOR, KATRINA CAMILLE
PINASEN, HERMINIA
POLAHON, LAICA
PONCE DE LEON, AUBREY
QUIPANES, KRISHA

59. SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE
• Description: Long, cylindrical,
multinucleate cells; obvious striations.
• Function: Voluntary movement;
locomotion; manipulation of the
environment; facial expression; voluntary
control.
• Location: In the skeletal muscles
attached to bones or occasionally to skin.
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 440x

60. CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE
• Description: Branching, striated,
generally uninucleate cells that
interdigitate at specialized junctions
(intercalated discs).
• Function: As it contracts, it propels
blood into the circulation; involuntary
control.
• Location: The walls of the heart.
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 1600x

61. SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUE
• Description: Spindle- shaped
(elongated) cells with central nuclei; no
striations; cells arranged closely to form
sheets.
• Function: Propels substances or objects (
foodstuff, urine, a baby) along internal
passageways; involuntary movement.
• Location: Mostly in the walls of hollow
organs.
Stain: Hematoxylin and Eosin
Magnification: 600x

62. Section 1E Group 4
RABARA, Daryl Kim R.
RABOY, Elizer Mario P.
RAFAEL, Joanna Grace P.
RAGUNJAN, Mikaella Clarisse R.
RANTUNG, Gevin Gabriella
REGUA, Dean R.
REYES, Maria Angela M.
REYES, Phoebe Bianca D.

63. I. Simple Squamous Epithelium
II. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
III. Simple Columnar Epithelium
IV. Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
V. Stratified Squamous Epithelium
VI. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
VII.Transitional Epithelium

64. Tissue Source: Mesovarium
Description: The picture shows the
surface epithelium of the
mesovarium covered by
mesothelium (lines the internal
cavities). The mesothelial cells (MC)
are recognized by their nuclei.
Beneath the mesothelial cells is a
thin layer of connective tissue (CT)
and adipose cells (A).
Tissue Preparation: Hematoxylin &
Eosin
Magnification: 350x
MC: Mesothelial cells
CT: Connective Tissue
A: Adipose Cells
N: Nuclei

65. Tissue Source: Thyroid Gland
Description: It shows the colloid-
containing follicles of the gland.
Each follicle consists of a single
layer of epithelial cells surrounding
a central mass of colloid.
Tissue Preparation: Hematoxylin &
Eosin
Magnification: 500x

66. Tissue Source: Human Colon
Description: It shows single layer of
absorptive cells and mucus-secreting
cells (goblet cells- recognized by the
light staining that contains the cell’s
secretory product). The epithelium
lines the lumen of the colon and
extends down into the connective
tissue to form the intestinal glands.
Both of their nuclei is located at the
base of the cell.
Tissue Preparation: Hematoxylin &
Eosin
Magnification: 350XGL: Intestinal Glands
CT: Connective Tissue
Arrow: Goblet cells

67. Tissue Source: Trachea
(Monkey)
Description: There is a definite
layer of basal cells. The columnar
cells, which contain elongate
nuclei and possess cilia, extend
from the surface to the basement
membrane.
Tissue Preparation: Hematoxylin
& Eosin
Magnification: 450x
C: Cilia
CC: Columnar Cell
BC: Basal Cell
CT: Connective Tissue

68. Tissue Source: Hard Palate
Description: The flattened surface cells
of the keratinized epithelium are devoid of
nuclei. The layer of keratohyalin granule–
containing cells is clearly visible in this
type of epithelium. The flattened surface
cells of the parakeratinized epithelium
display the same characteristics as the
keratinized cells, except they retain their
uclei (parakeratinized).
Tissue Preparation: Hematoxylin &
Eosin
Magnification: 380x

69. Tissue Source: Excretory
duct in the Salivary
Gland
Description: Luminal lining
consists of two layers of
cuboidal cells. Surrounding the
excretory duct are collagen
fibers of the connective tissue
and blood vessels.
Tissue Preparation:
Hematoxylin & Eosin
Magnification: 100x

70. Tissue Source: Ureter (Monkey)
Description: Figure shows inner
longitudinal smooth muscle layer. The
surface cells are characteristically the
largest and some are binucleate. This
allows the epithelia to expand and
stretch. The basal cells are the
smallest and typically the nuclei
appear crowded because of the
minimal cytoplasm of the cell.
Tissue Preparation: Hematoxylin
& Eosin
Magnification: 400x
Ep: Transitional Epithelium
SM (I): Inner longitudinal smooth muscle
Arrow: Binucleate surface cell
BV: Blood vessel
CT: Connective tissue

72. TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
I. Proper Connective Tissue
a. Loose (Areolar) Connective Tissue
b. Dense Regular Connective Tissue
c. Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
II. Embryonic Connective Tissue
a. Mucoid Connective Tissue
III. Specialized Connective Tissue
a. Reticular Connective Tissue
b. Adipose Tissue

73. Tissue Source: Colon (Monkey)
Description: Collagen fibers appear as thin
threads that form a stroma surrounding the
cells. The majority of cells that are present
consists of lymphocytes and plasma cells.
Other cells that are present within the
stromal framework consist of fibroblasts,
smooth muscle cells, macrophages, and
occasional mast cells.
Tissue Preparation: Hematoxylin & Eosin
Magnification: 700x
C: Collagen Fibers
P: Plasma Fibers

74. Tissue Source: Tendon
Description: The densely packed
collagenous fibers appear as a
homogeneous field. The nuclei appear
irregularly scattered. Several small
blood vessels are present within the
endotendineum within a fascicle.
Tissue Preparation: Hematoxylin &
Eosin
Magnification: 400x
BV: Blood Vessel
Ent:

75. Tissue Source: Testis
Description: Dense irregular
connective tissue forms a thick,
protective capsule around the organ.
the capsule is covered by a simple
squamous epithelium of serous
mesothelial cells, which produce a
hyaluronate-rich lubricant
Tissue Preparation: Hematoxylin &
Eosin
Magnification: 150x
D: Dense irregular Connective
Tissue

76. Tissue Source: Umbilical
Cord
Description: Large
fibroblasts surrounded by a
large amount of very loose
ECM containing mainly
ground substances very rich
in hyaluronan, with wisps of
collagen.
Tissue Preparation:
Hematoxylin & Eosin
Magnification: 200x
Fibroblasts
Collagen fiber

77. Tissue Source: Lymph Node
Description: Reticular fibers are seen
as irregular black lines. Reticular cells
are heavily stained and dark. The more
lightly
stained cells are lymphocytes passing
through the lymph node.
Tissue Preparation: Silver staining
Magnification: 200x
Reticular fibers
Reticular cells

78. Tissue Source: Intestine
(Mesentery)
Description: Large
accumulations of adipose
(fat) cells are organized into
an adipose tissue. Adipose
cells are closely packed and
separated by thin strips of
connective tissue septa, in
which are found compressed
fibroblasts, arterioles
,venules , nerves, and
capillaries.
Tissue Preparation:
Hematoxylin & Eosin
Magnification: 100x

80. TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE
I. Skeletal Muscle
II. Smooth Muscle

81. Tissue Source: Tongue
Description: The photo illustrates individual skeletal muscle fibers (1) and their cross-striations (2) the peripheral nuclei (3) and the tiny myofibrils
(6). Surrounding each skeletal muscle fiber (1) is the thin layer of connective tissue called endomysium (5). The thicker connective tissue layer called
perimysium (4) invests aggregates of muscle fibers, or fascicles. Associated with the connective tissue perimysium (4) are the adipose cells (7).
Tissue Preparation: Masson’s Trichome
Magnification: 130x

82. Tissue Source: Wall of Small Intestine
Description: The smooth muscle fibers are arranged in two layers: an inner circular layer (7) and an outer longitudinal layer (8). In the inner
circular layer (7), a single nucleus (1) is visible in the center of the cytoplasm (2) of different fibers. In the outer longitudinal layer (8), cut in
transverse section, the cytoplasm (5) appears empty, and single nuclei (6) of individual muscle fibers are visible if the plane of section passes
through them. Located between the two smooth muscle layers is a group of autonomic neurons of the myenteric nerve plexus (3). Small blood
vessels (4) are seen between individual muscle fibers and muscle layers.
Tissue Preparation: Hematoxylin & Eosin
Magnification: 80x

83. References:
• Eroschenko, V. P. (2008). DiFIORE’S Atlas Of Histology
With Functional Correlations (11th ed.). Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins. Pp 29-132.
• Mescher, A. L. (2016). Junqueira’s Basic Histology
Text And Atlas (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. Pp
71-158, 193-214.
• Ross, M. H., & Pawlina, W. (2011). Histology: A Text
and Atlas with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology
(6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Pp 105-351.

84. HISTOLOGY
LABORATORY
Reyno, Steffi
Ricardo, Joe
Allan
Rivera,
Learvenn
Rodelas,
Hannah
Ronas, Glyian
Rotelo, Jim
Sabayton,
Khande
Sagoco, Feona

85. 8 TYPES OF EPITHELIAL
TISSUE
I. Simple Squamous Epithelium
II. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
III. Simple Columnar Epithelium
IV. Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
V. Stratified Squamous Epithelium
VI. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
VII.Transitional Epithelium

86. SIMPLE SQUAMOUS
EPITHELIUM
Description: Single layer of
flattened with disc-shaped
central nuclei and sparse
cytoplasm; the simplest of
the epithelia.
Function: Allows passage of
materials by diffusion and
filtration in sites where
protection is not important;
secretes lubricating
substances in serosae.
Location: Kidney glomerful;
air sacs of lungs; lining od
heart, blood vessels, and
lymphatic vessels; lining of
ventral body cavity
(serosae).

87. SIMPLE CUBOIDAL
EPITHELIUM
Description: Single layer of
cubelike cells with large,
spherical central nuclei.
Function: Secretion and
absorption.
Location: Kidney tubules,
ducts and secretory
portions of small glands;
ovary surface.

88. SIMPLE COLUMNAR
EPITHELIUM
Description: Single layer of
tall cells with round to oval
nuclei; some cells bear cilia;
layer may contain mucus-
secreting unicellular glands
(goblet cells).
Function: Absorption;
secretion of mucus,
enzymes, and other
substances; ciliated type
propels mucus (or
reproductive cells) by ciliary
action.
Location: Nonciliated type
lines most of the digestive
tract (stomach to anal
canal), gallbladder, and
extrectory ducts of some
glands; ciliated variety lines

89. PSEUDOSTRATIFIED
CILIATED COLUMNAR
EPITHELIUM
Description: Single layer
of cells of differing
heights, some not
reaching the free
surface; nuclei seen at
different levels; may
contain mucus-secreting
goblet cells and bear
cilia.
Function: Secretion,
particularly of mucus,
propulsion of mucus by
ciliary action.
Location: Non-ciliated
type in male’s sperm-
carrying ducts and

90. STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS
EPITHELIUM
Description: Consists of
a variable number of cell
layers that exhibit
maturation from a
cuboidal basal layer to a
flattened surface layer.
Function: Adapted to
withstand abrasion
Location: Lines the oral
cavity, pharynx,
esophagus, anal canal,
uterine cervix and
vagina. Skin (Keratinized)

91. STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL
EPITHELIUM
Description: Thin,
stratified epithelium that
usually consists of only
two or three layers of
cuboidal cells.
Function: Provides a
more robust lining.
Location: Confined to the
lining of the larger
excretory ducts of
exocrine glands such as
salivary glands.

92. TRANSITIONAL
EPITHELIUM
Description: Consist of
multiple layers of
epithelial cells which can
contract and expand in
order to adapt to the
degree of distension
needed.
Function: Highly
specialised to
accommodate a great
degree of stretch and to
withstand the toxicity of
urine.
Location: Urinary Tract

93. TYPES OF CONNECTIVE
TISSUEI. Proper Connective Tissue
a. Loose (Areolar) Connective Tissue
b. Dense Regular Connective Tissue
c. Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
II. Embryonic Connective Tissue
a. Mucoid Connective Tissue
III. Specialized Connective Tissue
a. Reticular Connective Tissue
b. Adipose Tissue

94. LOOSE (AREOLAR)
CONNECTIVE TISSUEDescription: It consists of fibers (collagen, elastic) arranged
randomly and several kinds of cells embedded in semifluid
ground substance
PROPER CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Mesentery, 150x
Stain: Verhoeff’s hematoxylin, counterstained
with safranin;
Elastic Fiber
Collagen Fiber
Mast Cell
Fibroblast

95. DENSE REGULAR
CONNECTIVE TISSUEDescription: mainly collagen fibers regularly arranged in bundles
with fibroblasts in rows between bundles
PROPER CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Tendon, 289x
Stain: hematoxylin and eosin
Nucleus of
fibroblast
Collagen fibers

96. DENSE IRREGULAR
CONNECTIVE TISSUEDescription: Collagen fibers; usually irregularly arranged with a few
fibroblasts.
PROPER CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Mammary Gland, 272x
Stain: hematoxylin and eosin
Fibroblast
Collagen
Fibers
Blood
Vessel

97. MUCOID CONNECTIVE
TISSUEDescription: Widely scattered fibroblasts embedded in
viscous, jellylike ground substance that contains fine
collagen fibers.
EMBRYONIC CONNECTIVE
TISSUE
Umbilical cord, 480x
Stain: hematoxylin & eosin
Nucleus of fibroblas
Ground
Substance
Collagen fiber

98. SPECIAL CT

99. RETICULAR TISSUE:
Palatine Tonsil
1 Tonsillar crypt
2 Multilayered
nonkeratinizing
squamous epithelium
3 Lymphocyte
immigration and
leukocytic diapedesis
4 Lymphoreticular
tissue
Stain: azan;
magnification: × 200

100. ADIPOSE TISSUE
bronchial lymph
node
1 Adipose cells
2 Marginal sinus
3 Lymph-node
capsule
4 Lymph-node
cortex
5 Medullary sinus
Stain:
hematoxylin-
eosin;
magnification: ×

101. 3 TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE
I. Skeletal Muscle
II. Smooth Muscle

102. SKELETAL MUSCLE
Description: Long, cylindrical,
multinucleate cells; obvious
striations.
Function: Voluntary movement;
locomotion; manipulation of the
environment; facial expression;
voluntary control.
Location: In skeletal muscles attached
to bones or occasionally to skin.

103. SMOOTH MUSCLE
Description: Spindle-shaped
(elongated) cells with central nuclei;
no striations; cells arranged closely to
form sheets.
Function: Propels substances or
objects (foodstuffs, urine, a baby)
along internal passageways;
involuntary control.
Location: Mostly in the walls of
hollow organs.