1. The target blood pressure for a 70 year old patient is below 150/90 mmHg.
2. Grade 2 hypertension is blood pressure above 160/100 mmHg. The doctor would proceed by prescribing an ACE inhibitor, ARB, calcium channel blocker, or thiazide diuretic.
3. For the 35 year old woman planning pregnancy with essential hypertension controlled by an ARB and CCB, the doctor would continue the medications and monitor her blood pressure closely during pregnancy.
Case history
Definition & incidence of Hypertension
Classification of Hypertension
Diagnosis/ Confirmation of Hypertension
Technique of Hypertension Measurement
White coat Hypertension
Type of Hypertension
Suspicion of secondary hypertension
Management of Hypertension(Stage 1& 2)
Why treatment is necessary
Life style modification
Drug treatment of Hypertension
Rationalae of combination
Hypertension management in special situation/ with complications
Case history
Definition & incidence of Hypertension
Classification of Hypertension
Diagnosis/ Confirmation of Hypertension
Technique of Hypertension Measurement
White coat Hypertension
Type of Hypertension
Suspicion of secondary hypertension
Management of Hypertension(Stage 1& 2)
Why treatment is necessary
Life style modification
Drug treatment of Hypertension
Rationalae of combination
Hypertension management in special situation/ with complications
Diabetic Dyslipidemia
By Dr. Usama Ragab Youssif
ISMA CME Activity 2021
In Tolip EL Galala Hotel
-----------
Introduction
Physiology of lipid metabolism
Pathophysiology of diabetic dyslipidemia
Statin therapy (+/- ezetimibe) evidence and translation of evidence
Residual CV risk: excess TG
EPA therapy evidence and translation of evidence
Azmarda has sacubitril and valsartan which is the first approved agent in a new class of drug called angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI)3. Azmarda containing Sacubitril/ Valsartan is indicated in adults with long-term heart failure who have symptoms of the disease to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure in patients with chronic heart failure (NYHA Class II-IV) and reduced ejection fraction.Azmarda containing Sacubitril/ Valsartan exhibits the novel mechanism of action of an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) by simultaneously inhibiting neprilysin (neutral endopeptidase; NEP) via sacubitril, the active metabolite of the prodrug sacubitril, and by blocking the angiotensin II type-1 (AT1) receptor via valsartan. The complementary cardiovascular benefits and renal effects of Azmarda in heart failure patients are attributed to the enhancement of peptides that are degraded by neprilysin, such as natriuretic peptides (NP), by sacubitril and the simultaneous inhibition of the deleterious effects of angiotensin II by valsartan.
Sustained activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system results in vasoconstriction, renal sodium and fluid retention, activation of cellular growth and proliferation, and subsequent maladaptive cardiovascular remodeling. Valsartan inhibits detrimental cardiovascular and renal effects of angiotensin II by selectively blocking the AT1 receptor and also inhibits angiotensin II-dependent aldosterone release Read more about Azmarda https://medicaldialogues.in/partner/jbcpl/azmarda-sacubitril-valsartan
Updated Hypertension Management – ESH 2023.pdfDr. Nayan Ray
Hypertension is the most prevalent CV disorder in the world and according to the WHO, it affects 1.28 billion adults aged 30–79 years worldwide, two-thirds living in low-income and middle-income countries.
In 2019, the global age-standardized average prevalence of hypertension in adults aged 30–79 years was reported to be 34% in men and 32% in women.
At younger ages (<50 years), hypertension is more prevalent in men, whereas a steeper increase of SBP in women from their third decade (and more so following menopause) makes the prevalence of hypertension greater in women in older age categories (>65 years).
Rule of Halves
Half the people with high blood pressure are not known (“rule 1”),
Half of those known are not treated (“rule 2”) and
Half of those treated are not controlled (“rule 3”)'
Definition:
Hypertension is defined based on repeated office SBP values ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg.
Atorvastatin: Statins in CVD management. Is just lipid lowering enough Dr Vivek Baliga
When it comes to management of cardiovascular diseases, are achieving lipid lowering targets sufficient. Here Dr Vivek Baliga, Consultant Internal medicine discusses the additional benefits of statins in CVD in India.
What is hypertension, Definition of hypertension, Classification of hypertension, pathophysiology of hypertension, Signs and symptoms of hypertension, Risk factors of hypertension, Causes of hypertension, Differential diagnosis of hypertension, Medications of hypertension, Different class of medications for hypertension, Patient education for hypertension
This presentation consists of various approaches to treat hypertension depending on severity. It also include treatment according to international guidelines. Classification and brief description of each antihypertensive agent has been mentioned.
Diabetic Dyslipidemia
By Dr. Usama Ragab Youssif
ISMA CME Activity 2021
In Tolip EL Galala Hotel
-----------
Introduction
Physiology of lipid metabolism
Pathophysiology of diabetic dyslipidemia
Statin therapy (+/- ezetimibe) evidence and translation of evidence
Residual CV risk: excess TG
EPA therapy evidence and translation of evidence
Azmarda has sacubitril and valsartan which is the first approved agent in a new class of drug called angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI)3. Azmarda containing Sacubitril/ Valsartan is indicated in adults with long-term heart failure who have symptoms of the disease to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure in patients with chronic heart failure (NYHA Class II-IV) and reduced ejection fraction.Azmarda containing Sacubitril/ Valsartan exhibits the novel mechanism of action of an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) by simultaneously inhibiting neprilysin (neutral endopeptidase; NEP) via sacubitril, the active metabolite of the prodrug sacubitril, and by blocking the angiotensin II type-1 (AT1) receptor via valsartan. The complementary cardiovascular benefits and renal effects of Azmarda in heart failure patients are attributed to the enhancement of peptides that are degraded by neprilysin, such as natriuretic peptides (NP), by sacubitril and the simultaneous inhibition of the deleterious effects of angiotensin II by valsartan.
Sustained activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system results in vasoconstriction, renal sodium and fluid retention, activation of cellular growth and proliferation, and subsequent maladaptive cardiovascular remodeling. Valsartan inhibits detrimental cardiovascular and renal effects of angiotensin II by selectively blocking the AT1 receptor and also inhibits angiotensin II-dependent aldosterone release Read more about Azmarda https://medicaldialogues.in/partner/jbcpl/azmarda-sacubitril-valsartan
Updated Hypertension Management – ESH 2023.pdfDr. Nayan Ray
Hypertension is the most prevalent CV disorder in the world and according to the WHO, it affects 1.28 billion adults aged 30–79 years worldwide, two-thirds living in low-income and middle-income countries.
In 2019, the global age-standardized average prevalence of hypertension in adults aged 30–79 years was reported to be 34% in men and 32% in women.
At younger ages (<50 years), hypertension is more prevalent in men, whereas a steeper increase of SBP in women from their third decade (and more so following menopause) makes the prevalence of hypertension greater in women in older age categories (>65 years).
Rule of Halves
Half the people with high blood pressure are not known (“rule 1”),
Half of those known are not treated (“rule 2”) and
Half of those treated are not controlled (“rule 3”)'
Definition:
Hypertension is defined based on repeated office SBP values ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg.
Atorvastatin: Statins in CVD management. Is just lipid lowering enough Dr Vivek Baliga
When it comes to management of cardiovascular diseases, are achieving lipid lowering targets sufficient. Here Dr Vivek Baliga, Consultant Internal medicine discusses the additional benefits of statins in CVD in India.
What is hypertension, Definition of hypertension, Classification of hypertension, pathophysiology of hypertension, Signs and symptoms of hypertension, Risk factors of hypertension, Causes of hypertension, Differential diagnosis of hypertension, Medications of hypertension, Different class of medications for hypertension, Patient education for hypertension
This presentation consists of various approaches to treat hypertension depending on severity. It also include treatment according to international guidelines. Classification and brief description of each antihypertensive agent has been mentioned.
Telmisartan/HCTZ Tablets Taj Pharma PILTajPharmaQC
Telmisartan/HCTZ Tablets 40mg/12.5 and 80mg/12.5mg Taj Pharma: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Telmisartan/HCTZ Dosage & Rx Info | Telmisartan/HCTZ Uses, Side Effects Vecuronium bromide: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Telmisartan/HCTZ -Drug Information –Taj Pharma, Telmisartan/HCTZ dose Taj pharmaceuticals Telmisartan/HCTZ interactions, Taj Pharmaceutical Telmisartan/HCTZ contraindications, Telmisartan/HCTZ price, Telmisartan/HCTZ Taj Pharma Telmisartan/HCTZ SmPC-Taj Pharma Stay connected to all updated on Telmisartan/HCTZ Taj Pharmaceuticals Mumbai. Patient Information Leaflets, SmPC.
Crizotinib Capsules 200mg, 250mg Taj Pharma PILTajPharmaQC
Crizotinib 200mg/250mg Taj Pharma: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Crizotinib Dosage & Rx Info | Crizotinib Uses, Side Effects Crizotinib: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Crizotinib -Drug Information –Taj Pharma, Crizotinib dose Taj pharmaceuticals Crizotinib interactions, Taj Pharmaceutical Crizotinib contraindications, Crizotinib price, Crizotinib Taj Pharma Crizotinib SmPC-Taj Pharma Stay connected to all updated on Crizotinib Taj Pharmaceuticals Mumbai. Patient Information Leaflets, SMPC.
Telmisartan 80mg Tablets Taj Pharma : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Telmisartan Dosage & Rx Info | Telmisartan Uses, Side Effects - Telmisartan : Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Telmisartan - Drug Information - Taj Pharma, Telmisartan dose Taj pharmaceuticals Telmisartan interactions, Taj Pharmaceutical Telmisartan contraindications, Telmisartan price, Telmisartan Taj Pharma hypertension Telmisartan 80mg Tablets PIL- Taj Pharma . Stay connected to all updated on Telmisartan Taj Pharmaceuticals Taj pharmaceuticals Hyderabad. Patient Information Leaflets, PIL.
Telmisartan and HCTZ Tablets USP 40mg/12.5mg, 80mg/12.5mg Taj Pharma PIL TajPharmaQC
Telmisartan and HCTZ Tablets USP 40mg/12.5mg, 80mg/12.5mg Taj Pharma: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Telmisartan and HCTZ Dosage & Rx Info | Telmisartan and HCTZ Uses, Side Effects Telmisartan and HCTZ: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Telmisartan and HCTZ-Drug Information –Taj Pharma, Telmisartan and HCTZ dose Taj pharmaceuticals Telmisartan and HCTZ interactions, Taj Pharmaceutical Telmisartan and HCTZ contraindications, Telmisartan and HCTZ price, Telmisartan and HCTZ Taj Pharma Telmisartan and HCTZ SmPC-Taj Pharma Stay connected to all updated on Telmisartan and HCTZ Taj Pharmaceuticals Mumbai. Patient Information Leaflets, SMPC.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2. • What is the target Blood pressure for 70 year old ptn ?
• What is grade 2 HTN and how will you proceed ?
• A 35 year old lady is planning for pregnancy, is diagnosed to have essential
HTN 1 year ago and is taking ARB/ CCB 5/80, her BP is well controlled with it.
What u will do ?
• What is HTN emergency and goal of BP if ptn presented with acute coronary
syndrome?
• What is the target of BP in DM, CKD ptns ?
