The document discusses hydrogen, including its discovery, naming, properties, location in nature, industrial production processes, compounds it can form like water and acids, and common uses such as in fuel cells, welding, and rocket fuel. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and is used widely in industry for refining, treating metals, and processing foods.

1. The name hydrogen comes from the Greek Words
hydro and genes, meaning “water forming.” Hydrogen
was detected in England in 1766 by Henry Cavendish
as a new gas. A person named A. L. Lavoisier in 1783
named it "hydrogen".

2. HYDROGEN
On The Periodic Table
Chemical symbol H
Average atomic mass 1.00794
Atomic number 1
Protons 1
Neutrons 0
Group on the periodic table 1
The origins of hydrogen in nature
In oil and natural gas
In Earth's Crust
In Earth's Ocean
In Human Body
It is prepared industrially by two processes-Both reactions require high temperatures
the "water gas reaction" using coke and water
the steam reforming process using natural gas and water

3. ELEMENTS WITH SIMULAR PROPERTIES AS HYDROGEN
Lithium: the lightest metal in the world. Used for aircrafts and batteries. Highest specific heat of any
known element, valuable for heat transfer.
Sodium: also known as table salt when combined with chloride. Pure sodium is not found naturally, it has
a violent reaction with water; vapors are used to create yellow lights; in liquid can be uses as a coolant; Is
used to cool down nuclear reactors.
Potassium: Combinations of this element is found all over the Earth, but not in its pure state. A metal the
human body uses as a vitamin; when combined with hydrogen creates a highly flammable gas.
Rubidium: A side effect in the creation of lithium. Easily ionized, used for developing photocells; not
completely understood.
COMPOUNDS HYDROGEN CAN FORM
Hydrochloric acid (HCl): a strong, highly corrosive acid, naturally found in the stomach, aids in digestion;
Used in chemical research laboratories, manufacturing plants, vinyl chloride (PVC), metal rust and scale
removal, petroleum production, ore processing. laboratory
Water (H2O): Most abundant element on earth. Molecules contains one oxygen and two hydrogen
atoms that are connected by covalent bonds; solid state, ice; and gaseous state, steam (water vapor).
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4): a strong acid, colorless viscous corrosive oily liquid, produced by dissolving
sulphur trioxide in water. Used in oil refining, wastewater processing, lead-acid batteries, cleaning agents.
Methane (CH4): a colorless, odorless, non-toxic and flammable gas . Produced by the breakdown of
plant materials in landfills, swamps and marshes; a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming.
Ethanol (C2H5OH): A clear, colorless, and flammable oxygenated hydrocarbon; consumed as alcoholic
beverages ; used as octane enhancer or alternative automotive fuel; produced by the natural process of
fermenting grapes, malt, sugar cane juice, corn; can cause poisoning;

4. Hydrogen
Common uses for hydrogen
Ammonia for agricultural fertilizer and household cleaning products, plastics additives,
hydrogenated fats and oils, and rocket fuel
Aid in welding and reducing metallic ores
Used in methanol production, the H-bomb
Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
Use in Weather Balloons
Thermolysis and Electrolysis
Interesting fact about hydrogen
Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe.
Hydrogen is commonly used in hardening of oils and fats by hydrogenation.
Nearly all of this hydrogen is used by industry in refining, treating metals, and processing foods.
(NASA) is the primary user of hydrogen as an energy fuel; liquid hydrogen fuel lifts the space
shuttle into orbit. Hydrogen batteries—fuel cells—power the shuttle’s electrical systems. The
only by-product is pure water, which the crew uses as drinking water.
Hydrogen’s Closest Neighbors
Name: Helium Atomic number: 2
Symbol: He Atomic weight: 4.002602
Name: Ununoctium Atomic number 118
Symbol: Uuo Atomic weight 294