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Northfield’s
Green Infrastructure
 Northfield’s Landscape
 Trends
 What is Green
Infrastructure?
 Visioning
HRWC is
Michigan’s first and
oldest watershed
council ~ a coalition
of local communities
and residents
established under state
law in 1965 to protect
the Huron River and
its tributary streams,
lakes, wetlands and
groundwater.
Stockbridge
The Huron River Watershed
Green Infrastructure Services
Funding
provided from
the Americana
Foundation
Northfield’s
Natural Assets
Landscape
 Mostly undeveloped
 31% intact natural
areas (“bioreserve
sites”)
 Only 5 % of natural
areas publicly
owned)
 Low impervious
surface (5%) Woodland
Wetlands
Slopes over 12%
Hydric soils
Floodplains/Riparian area Endangered/threatened:
^ Animal
o Community
# Other
Plant
Conifers
Central Hardwoods
Lowland Conifer
Lowland Hardwoods
Marsh/Meadow/Prairie
Shrub Wetland
Oak Openings
Upland Grassland/Herb. Shrubland
Water
Landscape of the
Huron River
Watershed, 1800’s
Ann
Arbor
Detroit
Milford
Chelsea
Brighton
Northfield
Conifers
Central Hardwoods
Lowland Conifer
Lowland Hardwoods
Marsh/Meadow/Prairie
Shrub Wetland
Oak Openings
Upland Grassland/
Herb. Shrubland
Water
Landscape
of the
Huron
River
Watershed,
1800’s
Oak/hickory forest
Photos: Ann Arbor NAP
Oak savannah/barren/tallgrass praire
Photos: Ann Arbor NAP
Beech/maple forest
Photo: Ann Arbor NAP
Lowland hardwood
forest
Tamarack swamp
Ann Arbor NAP
Joshua G. Cohen
Inland wet prairie
Photo: Ann Arbor NAP
Marsh/wetland
Photo: Ann Arbor NAP
Massasauga
White lady slipper
Threatened,
Endangered, Special
Concern:
9 animals
16 plants
1 ecosystem:
Oak barrens
Heron rookery
Benefits of Natural Areas
Store and cycle nutrients
Conserve and generate soils
Pollinate crops and other plants
Pest control
Forest and food products
Wildlife Habitat
Recreation
Scenery
Biodiversity/ Genetic library
Clean Air
Regulate climate
Photos: Ann Arbor NAP
Filter & Cool Runoff
Water supply
Groundwater Recharge
Storm and flood damage protection
Erosion control
$1.8 billion/year in West
Michigan
Little runoff prior to development
Water infiltrates
into humus and
porous soil
Plants take up
much water
Most rain flows THROUGH the
ground.
Few plants,
Hard surfaces
Plants intercept
the rain
Pre-Development Post-Development
Most rain flows OVER the
ground.
Under 10%
Impervious
Surface
 Low banks
 Natural
buffer
 Good
habitat
 Cool water
 Clear water
Between 10 and 25%
Impervious Surface
 Higher,
undercut
banks
 sediment
 Less
diverse
habitat
 Warmer
water
Over 25%
Impervious Surface
 Steep,
eroded
banks
 Little
buffer
 Very little
habitat
 Warm
water
 flashy
Trends
Conifers
Central Hardwoods
Lowland Conifer
Lowland Hardwoods
Marsh/Meadow/Prairie
Shrub Wetland
Oak Openings
Upland Grassland/
Herb. Shrubland
Water
Landscape
of the
Huron
River
Watershed,
1800’s
Landscape
of the
Huron
River
Watershed,
2000
Public
Grass/shrub
Woodland
Water
Wetlands
Natural area trends
in the Huron
 Fragmentation
 Loss of wetlands (about 50%)
 Loss of oak barrens, prairies, wooded
wetlands, tamarack swamp
Future Trends
•40% of the remaining open space is projected to
be developed in the next 20 years
•Master Plans and Zoning Ordinance build outs
show little designated natural area
•Almost all natural areas in private ownership and
designated for some kind of use
•Current development patterns are low density =
more natural area converted per new person
Future
Land
Use
Downtown vision
plan
Parks and Rec plan
“continued
commitment to
community
planning goals and
policies geared to
preserving
important natural
features, while
planning for growth
in those
areas most suitable
for development”
Keeping Northfield Healthy
HRWC Key Message
To maintain the Huron River
watershed’s health:
I. Encourage higher density
where infrastructure
already exists.
II. Preserve natural areas so
they can continue to
provide the ecological
services necessary to
maintain quality of water,
air, land, and life.
The Huron River Watershed
Bioreserve Project
To assess & protect the watershed’s last
remaining natural areas
Funding
provided by
the Americana
and Carls
foundations
FLEM IN G R D.
ISLAND LAKE RD.
WYLIERD.
Bioreserve Map: based on aerials
Ranked Bioreserve Sites
15 criteria
 Total size
 Size of core
 Topographic diversity
 Geological diversity
 Waterway
 Upland/wetland
 Remnant plant community
 Groundwater recharge
 Connectivity
 Corridors
 Restorability
 Amount of change since 1800
 Fragmentation
 MNFI “bio-rarity” index
 MNFI “special” communities
Field Assessment
Assessing ecological integrity
 Ground Truth GIS map
 Get more information
about the natural area
 Help Conservancies
protect most important
lands
 Help with stewardship of
natural lands
248
530
209
207
260
261
249
436
195
192
435
252
205
202
196
189
266
206
208
188
264
268
191
265
256
255
197
200
262
187
263
198
210
193
254
250
204
427
190
211
259
430
211
253
203
258
257
199
201
194
251
221
267
153
152
216
483
152
219
176
219
173
Joy
Dixboro
Nollar
Sutton
7 Mile
Earhart
5 Mile
6 Mile
Main
Pontiac
Spencer
North Territorial
Hellner
Maple
Kearney
Rushton
Barker
Jennings
Shore
Northfield Church
Coyle
Nixon
WhitmoreLake
GleanerHall
Joy
6 Mile
Earhart
Earhart
5 Mile
Maple
5 Mile
Northfield’s
remaining
natural
areas
Field
Assessments in
Northfield
Doing
assessments
this summer
What you can do
•Design higher density, livable
neighborhoods
•Live in a walkable community
•Plant trees, native plants in your
lawn
•Keep water on your land
•Control stormwater runoff
•Leave natural buffers around creeks,
wetlands, and ponds
•Keep natural lands natural
•Permanently preserve larger, intact,
natural lands
•Join us in assessing the creek and its
landscapes
 Green infrastructure is the interconnected network of
open spaces, natural areas and waterways
 Focusing on conservation values and the services
provided by natural systems in concert with, instead of
in opposition to, land development
 Gives us an opportunity
to Identify, Protect &
Enhance our Natural
Assets
What is Green Infrastructure?
Natural
Built
Green infrastructure networks
consist of the following components:
Hubs: Hubs anchor the network
and provide an origin or destination
for wildlife.
Sites: Smaller ecological landscape
features that can serve as a point of
origin or destination
Links: The connections that hold
the network together and enable it
to function. Links facilitate movement
from one hub to another.
Hub
Hub
Link
Sites
GI Background
Network Anchor
(Hub) Large
Natural Area/Park
Network Anchor
(Hub) Large
Natural Area/park
Network Anchor
(Hub) Large
Natural Area/park
Small Forested
Area (site)
Small Wetland
Area (site)
Small Natural
Area (site)
Tree Rows
(Link)
Fence &
Hedge Rows
(Link)
River or Stream
(Link)
HRWC
Example
Land Trust
Conservation
Easements
Natural Beauty Road
Designation
Interpretive/E
ducational
Signage
Open Space
Clustering
Native
Landscaping
Land
Donation
Parks
Land
Acquisition Lake
Buffer
Lake
Buffer
Trail Links
Example
In urban environments, green infrastructure includes green
roofs, trees, rain gardens, vegetated swales, pocket wetlands,
parks, riparian buffers, no-mow zones, floodplains and
strategically placed forested areas.
Green Roof
Riparian Buffers
Rain Garden
Vegetated Swales
Pocket Wetlands
Floodplains
Riparian BuffersParks
Wild Corners Program
Open-Space Millage
Park Acquisition Target
Park Acquisition Target
Promote
Native/Natural Landscaping
Conservancy Coordination
Grant Support
Grant Support
Master Plan
Wetland Mitigation
Recreation Plan
Master Plan
Grant Support
Partnership
Building -
Collaboration
Promote
no-mow zones
Using the Green Infrastructure Vision
Huron River Watershed Council: Green Infrastructure in Northfield Township

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Huron River Watershed Council: Green Infrastructure in Northfield Township

  • 1. Northfield’s Green Infrastructure  Northfield’s Landscape  Trends  What is Green Infrastructure?  Visioning
  • 2. HRWC is Michigan’s first and oldest watershed council ~ a coalition of local communities and residents established under state law in 1965 to protect the Huron River and its tributary streams, lakes, wetlands and groundwater. Stockbridge
  • 3. The Huron River Watershed Green Infrastructure Services Funding provided from the Americana Foundation
  • 5. Landscape  Mostly undeveloped  31% intact natural areas (“bioreserve sites”)  Only 5 % of natural areas publicly owned)  Low impervious surface (5%) Woodland Wetlands Slopes over 12% Hydric soils Floodplains/Riparian area Endangered/threatened: ^ Animal o Community # Other Plant
  • 6. Conifers Central Hardwoods Lowland Conifer Lowland Hardwoods Marsh/Meadow/Prairie Shrub Wetland Oak Openings Upland Grassland/Herb. Shrubland Water Landscape of the Huron River Watershed, 1800’s Ann Arbor Detroit Milford Chelsea Brighton Northfield
  • 7. Conifers Central Hardwoods Lowland Conifer Lowland Hardwoods Marsh/Meadow/Prairie Shrub Wetland Oak Openings Upland Grassland/ Herb. Shrubland Water Landscape of the Huron River Watershed, 1800’s
  • 11. Lowland hardwood forest Tamarack swamp Ann Arbor NAP Joshua G. Cohen
  • 12. Inland wet prairie Photo: Ann Arbor NAP
  • 14. Massasauga White lady slipper Threatened, Endangered, Special Concern: 9 animals 16 plants 1 ecosystem: Oak barrens Heron rookery
  • 15. Benefits of Natural Areas Store and cycle nutrients Conserve and generate soils Pollinate crops and other plants Pest control Forest and food products Wildlife Habitat Recreation Scenery Biodiversity/ Genetic library Clean Air Regulate climate Photos: Ann Arbor NAP Filter & Cool Runoff Water supply Groundwater Recharge Storm and flood damage protection Erosion control
  • 16. $1.8 billion/year in West Michigan
  • 17. Little runoff prior to development Water infiltrates into humus and porous soil Plants take up much water
  • 18.
  • 19. Most rain flows THROUGH the ground. Few plants, Hard surfaces Plants intercept the rain Pre-Development Post-Development Most rain flows OVER the ground.
  • 20. Under 10% Impervious Surface  Low banks  Natural buffer  Good habitat  Cool water  Clear water
  • 21. Between 10 and 25% Impervious Surface  Higher, undercut banks  sediment  Less diverse habitat  Warmer water
  • 22. Over 25% Impervious Surface  Steep, eroded banks  Little buffer  Very little habitat  Warm water  flashy
  • 24. Conifers Central Hardwoods Lowland Conifer Lowland Hardwoods Marsh/Meadow/Prairie Shrub Wetland Oak Openings Upland Grassland/ Herb. Shrubland Water Landscape of the Huron River Watershed, 1800’s
  • 26. Natural area trends in the Huron  Fragmentation  Loss of wetlands (about 50%)  Loss of oak barrens, prairies, wooded wetlands, tamarack swamp
  • 27. Future Trends •40% of the remaining open space is projected to be developed in the next 20 years •Master Plans and Zoning Ordinance build outs show little designated natural area •Almost all natural areas in private ownership and designated for some kind of use •Current development patterns are low density = more natural area converted per new person
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30. Future Land Use Downtown vision plan Parks and Rec plan “continued commitment to community planning goals and policies geared to preserving important natural features, while planning for growth in those areas most suitable for development”
  • 32. HRWC Key Message To maintain the Huron River watershed’s health: I. Encourage higher density where infrastructure already exists. II. Preserve natural areas so they can continue to provide the ecological services necessary to maintain quality of water, air, land, and life.
  • 33. The Huron River Watershed Bioreserve Project To assess & protect the watershed’s last remaining natural areas Funding provided by the Americana and Carls foundations
  • 34. FLEM IN G R D. ISLAND LAKE RD. WYLIERD. Bioreserve Map: based on aerials
  • 35. Ranked Bioreserve Sites 15 criteria  Total size  Size of core  Topographic diversity  Geological diversity  Waterway  Upland/wetland  Remnant plant community  Groundwater recharge  Connectivity  Corridors  Restorability  Amount of change since 1800  Fragmentation  MNFI “bio-rarity” index  MNFI “special” communities
  • 36. Field Assessment Assessing ecological integrity  Ground Truth GIS map  Get more information about the natural area  Help Conservancies protect most important lands  Help with stewardship of natural lands
  • 37. 248 530 209 207 260 261 249 436 195 192 435 252 205 202 196 189 266 206 208 188 264 268 191 265 256 255 197 200 262 187 263 198 210 193 254 250 204 427 190 211 259 430 211 253 203 258 257 199 201 194 251 221 267 153 152 216 483 152 219 176 219 173 Joy Dixboro Nollar Sutton 7 Mile Earhart 5 Mile 6 Mile Main Pontiac Spencer North Territorial Hellner Maple Kearney Rushton Barker Jennings Shore Northfield Church Coyle Nixon WhitmoreLake GleanerHall Joy 6 Mile Earhart Earhart 5 Mile Maple 5 Mile Northfield’s remaining natural areas Field Assessments in Northfield Doing assessments this summer
  • 38. What you can do •Design higher density, livable neighborhoods •Live in a walkable community •Plant trees, native plants in your lawn •Keep water on your land •Control stormwater runoff •Leave natural buffers around creeks, wetlands, and ponds •Keep natural lands natural •Permanently preserve larger, intact, natural lands •Join us in assessing the creek and its landscapes
  • 39.  Green infrastructure is the interconnected network of open spaces, natural areas and waterways  Focusing on conservation values and the services provided by natural systems in concert with, instead of in opposition to, land development  Gives us an opportunity to Identify, Protect & Enhance our Natural Assets What is Green Infrastructure? Natural Built
  • 40. Green infrastructure networks consist of the following components: Hubs: Hubs anchor the network and provide an origin or destination for wildlife. Sites: Smaller ecological landscape features that can serve as a point of origin or destination Links: The connections that hold the network together and enable it to function. Links facilitate movement from one hub to another. Hub Hub Link Sites GI Background
  • 41. Network Anchor (Hub) Large Natural Area/Park Network Anchor (Hub) Large Natural Area/park Network Anchor (Hub) Large Natural Area/park Small Forested Area (site) Small Wetland Area (site) Small Natural Area (site) Tree Rows (Link) Fence & Hedge Rows (Link) River or Stream (Link)
  • 42. HRWC
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 47. Land Trust Conservation Easements Natural Beauty Road Designation Interpretive/E ducational Signage Open Space Clustering Native Landscaping Land Donation Parks Land Acquisition Lake Buffer Lake Buffer Trail Links Example
  • 48. In urban environments, green infrastructure includes green roofs, trees, rain gardens, vegetated swales, pocket wetlands, parks, riparian buffers, no-mow zones, floodplains and strategically placed forested areas. Green Roof Riparian Buffers Rain Garden Vegetated Swales Pocket Wetlands Floodplains Riparian BuffersParks Wild Corners Program
  • 49. Open-Space Millage Park Acquisition Target Park Acquisition Target Promote Native/Natural Landscaping Conservancy Coordination Grant Support Grant Support Master Plan Wetland Mitigation Recreation Plan Master Plan Grant Support Partnership Building - Collaboration Promote no-mow zones Using the Green Infrastructure Vision