This document discusses human relationships and self-concept. It defines self-concept as the composite of beliefs and feelings one holds about oneself, formed from perceptions of others and one's own reactions. The development of self begins in infancy with distinguishing self from others, and using personal pronouns by age 3. Self-concept has components like physical self-image, personal identity, and self-esteem. Factors like early experiences, development, culture, and relationships influence self-concept. Group dynamics involve the interaction and interdependence of group members, with characteristics like memberships, leadership, norms, and cohesiveness. Human relationships in nursing include the nurse-client, nurse-family, nurse-team, and nurse

2. Topic- Human realtion
Contributor- Ms.Darshana Kumari Wankhede
DEPT OF CHILD HEALTH NURSING
SRMMCOLLEGE OF NURSING

3. Learning Objectives
 Define self concept.
 Explain understanding of self.
 describe the development of self
 Enlist components of self
 List out factors affecting self
 Describe group dynamic.

4. Introduction

5. Definition of self concept
 It is the composite of benefits and feelings that one hold
about oneself at a given time, formed from perceptions
particularly of others, reactions and directing ones
behavior.
OR
 Self concept consists of the physical self-or body image,
the personal self or personal identity, and the self esteem.

7. UNDERSTANDING OF SELF
 1. Physical Self Image – it is related to child's physical
appearance and importance of the different parts of the
body to behavior.
 2.Peronal Body Image – it is personal appraisal of a
person that includes physical attributes, functioning,
sexuality, wellness- illness state appearance and also the
cognitive process.

8. Cont…….
 3. Psychological Self Image – it is based on thoughts,
feelings and emotions and abilities that effect
adjustment to life qualities.
 4. Self Esteem – it is the degree of regard or respect that
individuals have for them and is a measure of worth that
they place on their abilities and judgment.

9. Development of self
 It is the important result of socialization process in the
development of self.
 First year – the infant able to perceive other persons and
gradually learns to differentiate the familiar persons from
the unfamiliar.

10. Cont……
 Second year – the child learns to use the personal
pronounce.
 Third year – self reference becomes the dominant.
A further step in his development is to feel guilty when
he does something bad or wrong.

12. Components of self
 1. Self Concept – it is this thoughts and feelings with
totality of the individuals thoughts and feelings with
reference to himself or herself as an object.
 2. Extend Self – it means the perception of his or her
actual self and include social and personal identity and
body image.

13. Cont….
 3. Desired Self- it refers to his or her perceptions of
the ideal self and is a motivating force toward
achieving goals or becoming a better person according
to individuality determined standards.
 4. Presenting Self – it refers to how people wants
others to view them.

14. Factors affecting self concept
Early bonding experiences
Physical, cognitive and interpersonal and interpersonal
development and maturation
Personality characteristics
Culture
Environment
Socio economic status
Physical attributes
Interpersonal relationships
Professional and personal roles

15. GROUP DYNAMICS

16. Group dynamics, processes and
development
 Group dynamics is concerned with the interaction and
forces between group members in a social situation.
 Criteria for a group:-
Formal social structure
Face to face interaction
Two or more persons
Common fate
Common goals
Interdependence
Self definition as group members
Recognition by others

17. Types of group
 1. FORMAL GROUPS
Command group
Task group
Permanent formal groups
Temporary or momentary groups
2. INFORMAL GROUPS
Interest group
Friendship groups
Membership groups
Reference groups.

18.  3. ACCORDING TO PURPOSES
Vocational groups
Instructional groups
Governmental groups
Religious groups
Fraternal groups
Recreational groups
Social groups

19.  4. BASED ON INTIMACY
Primary groups – it is characteristics by intimate face
to face association and co – ordination.
Non primary or secondary groups – in this the
interrelationships are more general and remote.

20. Group characteristics
Memberships in groups
Emergent leaderships
Formal hierarchy
Group has some activity or task to perform
Interaction
Group norms
Group co – hesiveness
Member satisfaction

21. Understanding Group and Team Dynamics
 Rules
 team ground rules
 Norms
 standards that determine what is
appropriate and inappropriate
behavior in a group
 Status
 an individual’s importance and
prestige

22. PRINCIPLES OF GROUP DYNAMICS
 The barriers between the leaders and the led should
be broken.
 The more attractive a group to its members, the
greater influence it would exercise on its members.
 The greater the prestige of a group members in the
eyes of the other members , the greater the influence
he will exercise on them.
 Successful efforts to change individuals or sub parts of
a group would result in making them conform to the
norms of the group.

23. Human relation in context of nursing
 Nurse-client helping relationship.
 Nurse-family relationship.
 Nurse-health team relationship.
 Nurse-community relationship.

24. Team work
 Team nursing is the delivery of individualized nursing
care to client by a team led by a professional nurse.
 The team is responsible for providing coordinating
nursing care to a group of client.

25. Merits of team nursing
 It include all health care personnel in a group
functioning and goal.
 Feeling of participation and belonging are facilitated
with team member.
 Workload can be balanced and shared.
 Division of labour allows members the opportunity to
develop leadership skill.

26. Demerits
 Establishing the team concept taken time.
 Unstable staffing pattern make team nursing difficult.
 Different view makes different opinion.

27. Summary:
 Human relation is an essential element in directional
component of administration

28. BIBLIOGRAPHY:--
1. B.T Basavanthappa,Nursing Education,2nd
edition.
2. KP.Neeraja,Textbook of nursing education, 1st
Edition .
3. K.L.kumar educational technology, 2nd Edition .
4. S.kanaka lakshimi communication and
educational technology, 1st Edition.
5. www.google.co.in