The document discusses human population growth, its causes, and its effects in the United States and Ghana. Population growth is driven by increasing birth rates and decreasing death rates. In the United States, population growth has had positive economic effects but may cause economic instability for retirees. Ghana's high population growth rate is straining its economy and education system due to limited resources and child labor.

1. Melissa Mathew

2. Outline
 Definition of human population growth
 What causes and what effects it
 Effects of population growth on the United States
 Baby boomers
 Effects of population growth on Ghana

3. Definition
 Increase in the number of who inhabit a territory or state
 http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/population+growth
 Population growth is the change in a population over time,
and can be quantified as the change in the number of
individuals of any species in a population using "per unit
time" for measurement. In biology, the term population
growth is likely to refer to any known organism, but this
article deals mostly with the application of the term to
human populations in demography.
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_growth

4. Positive Population Growth Rate
 Increase in birth rate
 Increase in fertility rate
 Decrease in child mortality rate
 Decrease in death rate
 Longer life-span

5. Reasons For Increase In Population
Growth
 Medical advances
 Vaccinations, availability
 Better standard of living
 Homes, clothing, food
 Advances in agricultural technology
 Large scale farming
 More sanitation

6. How Far We Have Come
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sc4HxPxNrZ0

7. United States
 About 2.1 births per a woman: fairly constant
 Life expectancy: increased
 76.0 years in 1993
 82.6 by 2050
 Diversification by immigration
 Net immigration: 880,000 people per year

8. United States
 Population is increasing, but population growth rate is
slowing down
 Population to increase to 392 million by 2050
 Growth rate to decrease from 1.1 in 1990 to .54 by 2040
 Reason why growth rate is decreasing
 Population is getting older
 Increase in death rate

9. Expected Growth
 Immigration and fertility
 After 2011, each year the number of births should
exceed the year before it
 1/3 of the current population is caused by immigration

10. Baby Boomers
 During the Great Depression there was a decrease in
birth rate
 When that generation reached adulthood, there was
an increase in births
 1957 had the most births ever recorded in history

11. Effects of Baby Boomers
 More focus on education (college enrollment)
 Marrying later, smaller families
 Economic issues

12. United States
 Increase in population is overall positive
 More economic prosperity
 More production of jobs
 Better standard of living
 Downside of population growth
 Economic instability in the future

13. Ghana
 Currently the growth rate is 2.9%
 However it is not over populated
 In 1960, 12.3% of the population was immigrants
 In 2003
 3% was over 65
 43% was under 15

14. Ghana
 Children must enter the work force at younger ages to
support large families
 Not enough funds for public education for that many
children
 Repeated pregnancies causes health concerns

15. Population Policy
 Developed in 1969
 3rd country in sub-Saharan Africa
 Meant to control the population growth
 Structure the distribution of the growth

16. Expected Growth
 By 2015 the population is expected to be 26,359,00
 By 2020 the population is to reach 35.2 million
 Current fertility rate: 5.5 children per woman
 Is expected to increase
 Death rate is decreasing
 Modern health care, more availabilty

17. Ghana
 Population growth is overall negative
 Lower standard of living
 Less education
 Economic instability- government welfare
 Health concerns
 Child morbidity, death due to pregnancy, diseases

18. Work Cited
 http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPag
es/P/Populations.html
 http://www.census.gov/population/www/pop-
profile/natproj.html
 http://www.iussp.org/Brazil2001/s30/S39_P10_Boadu.
pdf
 http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Ghana-
POPULATION.html

19. Expected Learning Outcomes
 Human population growth can either have a negative
impact or a positive impact, depending on the country
 The population in the United States is increasing
 The increase in population is a positive thing for the
U.S.
 The population growth rate in Ghana is increasing
 Ghana is having economic issues due to its population
growth rate