Power Point on Human Development

1. Human Development

2. Human Development
• Nature vs Nurture
– Nature is from genetics
– Nurture is from your environment
• Frued believed that early learning and
experience is most important time in life, first
6-8 years
• Frued used a lot of ink blots to determine
whether people were in tune with society or
not in tune.

3. • Frued also used word association
– First word that came into your head after he said a
word.
– Most people do not use it anymore

4. Conception and Birth
• 5 weeks of gestation is determining what sex the
baby is going to be
• 16-18 weeks is when we can tell on ultrasound
what you are having
• Premature - born early, if born at 6 months then
development is that of a 6 month old
• Preterm - born usually on time but development
is behind where it should be
• Preterm baby is more serious than a premature
baby.

5. • Dads role in pregnancy is to be in delivery
room. Very important!
• Bonding period begins here.
• Support to the mother as well, mother
generally requires less medication if dad is
present. She is more relaxed, and bonding of
mom and dad is stronger also.

6. Newborn
• Average 5-9lbs and 20” long
• If mother is diabetic or she has gestational
diabetes then the baby will generally be much
larger.
• Kidney function is also very important during
pregnancy, toxic kidneys do not function well
enough to get rid of moms and babies waste.
• First 12 months is most growing period in life,
probably triple weight
• Growth is in spurts.

7. Infant
• Motor skills grow as well
– First swipe at something,
– Next hit and knock down
– Next is grasping
– Around 9-10 months is when they start using
opposing thumb
• Walking around 12 months
• Running by age of 2

8. • By age 4-5 babies should be able to gallop
• 5-6 girls can skip, boys are a little slower
physically
• Secular Trend – we are getting bigger and
taller and larger feet with each generation.
– Child usually wears a shoe size one size larger than
the same sex parent
– May be due to hormones in meat and milk
– Could be due to better healthcare
– Better nutrition also

9. Secular Trend
• Menarche – beginning of period
• Girls begin periods much earlier than before
– Use to be 13
– Then it was 12
– Now it is around 10 ½ years old
• Pregnancy also starts earlier
• Spermarche – first ejaculation
– May happen at night during a wet dream
– May be during masterbation

10. The Brain
• Very large changes in the brain take place
during childhood
• New networks are formed between neurons
with every experience ( grocery store, park,
zoo)
• Deprived environment – can affect the
developing brain

11. Cognitive Development
• Begins at birth
• Piaget – talks about how children go through
stages in cognitive development
– Biologist
– After first child's birth his interest changed to
cognitive development in children

12. Cognitive Development Stages
• Stages
– 1. sensorimotor – first year of life maybe up to 2
• Begin to learn right from birth – learn quickly
• 4 days old can differentiate between their own mothers milk from
others
• Everything goes in through the 5 senses
• Everything out is motor - swipe kick cry
– Schema – an idea or a pattern that we learn
– Assimilation – seeing something brown with 4 legs running
through the forest then applying memories
– Accomodation – remembering the horse and seeing a
zebra at the zoo, learing that the zebra is like the horse but
how is it different

13. Stages cont.
– 2. preoperational – 2-7 years, like to have
sociodramatic play
• Dress up outfit, guns, sticks
• Animism – giving life like qualities to things that are not
alive
• At this age children can not seriate – put things in order,
nor can they classify or catorogize

14. Stages cont.
– 3. concrete operations - 7-12
• Can put things in order
• Begin to use symbols like ABC and 123 not just
recognize but actually start using the alphabet and
numbers ( a dozen eggs is 12)
• Biggest thing that the concrete operators do is
conserve - llllllll
ll ll ll ll which group has more pencils.
Begins to use logical thought , they need something in
their hand to move and count

15. Stages Cont.
– 4. formal operations – 12 yrs. throughout life
• Abstract thinkers
• Can see both sides of the question such as abortion and
think it through and have their own thoughts and
answers
• Keep journals and systems to gather information.