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Physical and motor development of children and adolescent
This document discusses physical and motor development in children and adolescents. It defines physical and motor skills and identifies stages of development from infancy to adulthood. During childhood, motor skills develop from large muscle movements to smaller, more refined movements. Fine motor skills involve smaller muscle groups while gross motor skills use larger muscle groups. The document provides examples of activities to develop both fine and gross motor skills. Physical development accelerates during adolescence through growth spurts and the onset of puberty bringing sexual maturity. Overall development follows predictable patterns but individuals vary in their needs and styles at each stage.
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Physical and motor development of children and adolescent
- 1. PHYSICAL AND MOTOR DEVELOPMENTOF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT By: MARILOU D. JAMERO
- 2. OBJECTIVES • Define Physicaland Motor Skills Development of the Children and Adolescent • Identify the Stages of Development in Children • Site Fine and Gross Motor Skills Activities • Explain the importance of Developing Gross Motor Skills in Children • Describe the Physical Development in Adolescence
- 6. Pretty predictable process Similarprocess Allows us to make generalization about different stages.
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- 9. Child Development • refersto a child’s ability to perform tasks of greater complexity as he gets older • Involves language, social and motor skills.
- 10. Infanthood (0-2 y.o.) Early Childhood (2-6 y.o.) Middle Childhood (6-12y.o.) Stages of Motor Development
- 11. Physical Development during EarlyChildhood • Age range: 2 to 6 years • Known to us as “preschool age” • Follows a directional pattern
- 12. Directional Pattern 1. Therapid increase in body size of the first two years tapers off into a slower growth pattern. On average, children add 2 to 3 inches in height and about 5 pounds in weight each year. Boys continue to be slightly larger than girls.
- 13. Directional Pattern 2. Largermuscles develop before small muscles. Muscles in the body’s core, legs, and arms develop before those in the fingers and hands.
- 14. Directional Pattern 3. TheCenter of the body develops before the outer regions. Muscles located at the core of the body become stronger and develop sooner than those in the feet and hands.
- 15. Directional Pattern 4. Developmentalgoes from the top down, from the head to the toes.
- 16. BRAIN Development duringEarly Childhood • Brain increases from 70% in its adults weight
- 17. Physical Development inchildren • refers to the development of their motor skills, which involves using their bodies • Defined by a child’s gross motor, fine motor and balance or coordination skills
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- 19. Motor Skills FMS GMS Fine MotorSkills Gross Motor Skills
- 20. Fine Motor Skills •relate to the use of the upper extremities to engage and manipulate the environment. • Movements involving smaller muscles groups such as those in the hands and wrist • Writing, feeding oneself, buttoning, zippering, waving
- 21. Gross Motor Skills •movements related to large muscles such as legs, arms, etc. • Examples: coordination to walk, balance, run , jump, climb, throw
- 22. Chronological progression ofGross Development
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- 25. MIDDLE CHILDHOOD • Agerange: 6 to 12 years • Known as Grade 1 to 6 pupils
- 26. Physical Development Bones broaden dramatically Grow on average 2-3 inches/ year Both are building muscles Girls tend to retain more fatty tissue Motor Development Boys slightly faster in GMS Girls slightly faster in FMS
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- 28. How are wegoing to develop fine and gross motor skills? Physical Activities
- 30. How to promoteOverall Motor Skills Development? • Provide opportunities for children to exercise large muscles every day. • Offer a range of small motor activities and experiences in the classroom. • Provide materials, equipment, and child-sized furniture in adequate numbers to allow all children to participate. • Be aware of cultural differences in young children with regard to motor development
- 31. WHY to developfine and gross motor skills?Self Confidence Social Development Emotional Development
- 32. Physical Development geared towardaiding in physical development contribute significantly to a person’s health and well-being.
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- 37. 1. Adolescent orPubertal Growth Spurt • Refers to the rapid acceleration in height and weight Earlier rapid growth than boys Age of 9 or as late as 12 Spurt occurs 2 years earlier Age of 12 or as late as 16
- 38. 2. PUBERTY • Theemergent of primary and secondary sex characteristics, and the point which the individual becomes physically capable of sexual reproduction. ovaries Gonads (testes) Sex hormones Sex hormones PRIMARY PRIMARY SECONDARYSECONDARY Hourglass body form Triangular body form Pubic hairs Pubic hairs Menarche Penis growth
- 42. Although, human developmenthas the same pattern and process, Still, human is different from each other. Which means, children and adolescents are same human but they have different Needs and styles.. So, we have to think to the appropriate way to develop their motor skills considering his/her stage in life.
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- 44. 1. Which ofthe following is true of childhood? a) Independence is developed in childhood. b) Self-confidence is developed in childhood. c) We learn to make our own decisions during childhood. d) All of the answers are correct
- 45. 2. Which ofthe following is true of human development? a) It follows a predictable pattern b) Generalizations can be made about different stages of human development. c) Most people develop in a similar way. d) All of the answers are true.
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