This document summarizes the risks of SSL/TLS interception proxies, which act as a "man in the middle" to inspect encrypted traffic. It discusses how interception proxies establish two separate SSL sessions and generate their own certificates, creating "transitive trust" where the client trusts the proxy's validation of the server. This can expose clients to risks from expired, revoked, self-signed or untrusted root certificates accepted by the proxy but not the client. The document also notes increased legal exposure, threat surface, and potential for weaker encryption when using an interception proxy.
CISSPills are short-lasting presentations covering topics to study in order to prepare CISSP exam. CISSPills is a digest of my notes and doesn't want to replace a studybook, it wants to be only just another companion for self-paced students.
Every issue covers different topics of CISSP's CCBK and the goal is addressing all the 10 domains which compose CISSP.
IN THIS ISSUE:
Domain 1: Access Control
- Identity Management
- Centralised vs Decentralised Access Control
- Directories
- Single Sign-On
- Kerberos
- Kerberos Process
- Kerberos Weaknesses
- SESAME
Scott Rea - IoT: Taking PKI Where No PKI Has Gone BeforeDigiCert, Inc.
Presentation by Scott Rea, DigiCert's Sr. PKI Architect, at AppSec California 2015.
Abstract:
Traditional PKI focuses on binding a public key to the keyholder’s identity, which is implicitly assumed to be a well-defined, relatively static thing (such as individual’s full name or email address, or the hostname of a public webserver). However, in the envisioned smart grid, for example, the relevant properties of the keyholder are not just the device’s identity (i.e. this is a meter made by ACME or this is a refrigerator made by GE) but its context: This is a refrigerator in the apartment rented by Alice, who buys power from X.
This context information will not necessarily be known until device installation and also may change dynamically. What if Alice sells her fridge on Craigslist or sublets her apartment to Bob? What if repair personnel replace Alice’s meter? This information may also not be particularly simple. What if Alice’s landlord owns many apartment buildings, and changes power vendors to get a better rate?
If our cryptographic infrastructure is going to enable relying parties to make the right judgments about IoT devices (such as the example provided using Smart Grid), this additional contextual information needs to be available. We can try to modify a traditional identity-based PKI to attest to these more dynamic kinds of identities, and we can also try to adapt the largely experimental world of attribute certificates to supplement the identity certificates in the smart-grid PKI. Either of these approaches will break new ground.
Alternatively, we can leave the identity PKI in place and use some other method of maintaining and distributing this additional data; which would require supplementing our scalable PKI with a non-scalable database.
In any of these approaches, we also need to think about who is authorized to make these dynamic updates or who is authoritative for making these types of attestations. Who witnesses that Alice has sold her refrigerator? Thinking about this organizational structure IoT devices also complicates the revocation problem. If we can’t quite figure out who it is that speaks for where a device currently lives, how will we figure out who it is who is authorized to say it has been compromised?
In this presentation, all of these issues and more will be explored and actionable guidelines will be proposed to build a secure and scalable system of IDs and attributes for the complex networked world that awaits us all.
This presentation examines architectural patterns for SOA security according the externalization of the cross-cutting concerns of authorization and authentication as well as the integration of identity federation. Conceptual building blocks for SOA security are sketched and assessed with respect to classical security means. Web services-based SOA systems are considered in particular. The analysis considers the native security functionality of common Web service stacks (e.g. Apache Axis, Microsoft WCF, Sun JAX-WS RI/WSIT).
X 509 Certificates How And Why In Vb.NetPuneet Arora
Learn Why and How to : X 509 Certificates
A public key certificate, usually just called a digital certificate or certs is a digitally signed document that is commonly used for authentication and secure exchange of information on open networks, such as the Internet, extranets, and intranets. A certificate securely binds a public key to the entity that holds the corresponding private key. Certificates are digitally signed by the issuing certification authority (CA) and can be issued for a user, a computer, or a service. This creates a trust relationship between two unknown entities. The CA is the Grand Pooh-bah of Validation in an organization, which everyone trusts, and in some public key environments, no certificate is considered valid unless it has been attested to by a CA. Example of a popular CA�s authority is http://www.verisign.com
Authentication and Authorization ModelsCSCJournals
In computer science distributed systems could be more secured with a distributed trust model based on either PKI or Kerberos. However, it becomes difficult to establish trust relationship across heterogeneous domains due to different actual trust mechanism and security policy as well as the intrinsic flaw of each trust model. Since Internet has been used commonly in information systems technologies, many applications need some security capabilities to protect against threats to the communication of information. Two critical procedures of these capabilities are authentication and authorization. This report presents a strong authentication and authorization model using three standard frameworks. They are PKI, PMI, and Directory. The trust in this approach is enabled by the use of public key infrastructure (PKI) which is applied for client two-factor authentication and secures the infrastructure. We introduce the preventive activity-based authorization policy for dynamic user privilege controls. It helps prevent successive unauthorized requests in a formal manner. At the core, we apply the Multi-Agent System (MAS) concept to facilitate the authentication and the authorization process in order to work with multi-applications and multi-clients more dynamically and efficiently.
CISSPills are short-lasting presentations covering topics to study in order to prepare CISSP exam. CISSPills is a digest of my notes and doesn't want to replace a studybook, it wants to be only just another companion for self-paced students.
Every issue covers different topics of CISSP's CCBK and the goal is addressing all the 10 domains which compose CISSP.
IN THIS ISSUE:
Domain 1: Access Control
- Identity Management
- Centralised vs Decentralised Access Control
- Directories
- Single Sign-On
- Kerberos
- Kerberos Process
- Kerberos Weaknesses
- SESAME
Scott Rea - IoT: Taking PKI Where No PKI Has Gone BeforeDigiCert, Inc.
Presentation by Scott Rea, DigiCert's Sr. PKI Architect, at AppSec California 2015.
Abstract:
Traditional PKI focuses on binding a public key to the keyholder’s identity, which is implicitly assumed to be a well-defined, relatively static thing (such as individual’s full name or email address, or the hostname of a public webserver). However, in the envisioned smart grid, for example, the relevant properties of the keyholder are not just the device’s identity (i.e. this is a meter made by ACME or this is a refrigerator made by GE) but its context: This is a refrigerator in the apartment rented by Alice, who buys power from X.
This context information will not necessarily be known until device installation and also may change dynamically. What if Alice sells her fridge on Craigslist or sublets her apartment to Bob? What if repair personnel replace Alice’s meter? This information may also not be particularly simple. What if Alice’s landlord owns many apartment buildings, and changes power vendors to get a better rate?
If our cryptographic infrastructure is going to enable relying parties to make the right judgments about IoT devices (such as the example provided using Smart Grid), this additional contextual information needs to be available. We can try to modify a traditional identity-based PKI to attest to these more dynamic kinds of identities, and we can also try to adapt the largely experimental world of attribute certificates to supplement the identity certificates in the smart-grid PKI. Either of these approaches will break new ground.
Alternatively, we can leave the identity PKI in place and use some other method of maintaining and distributing this additional data; which would require supplementing our scalable PKI with a non-scalable database.
In any of these approaches, we also need to think about who is authorized to make these dynamic updates or who is authoritative for making these types of attestations. Who witnesses that Alice has sold her refrigerator? Thinking about this organizational structure IoT devices also complicates the revocation problem. If we can’t quite figure out who it is that speaks for where a device currently lives, how will we figure out who it is who is authorized to say it has been compromised?
In this presentation, all of these issues and more will be explored and actionable guidelines will be proposed to build a secure and scalable system of IDs and attributes for the complex networked world that awaits us all.
This presentation examines architectural patterns for SOA security according the externalization of the cross-cutting concerns of authorization and authentication as well as the integration of identity federation. Conceptual building blocks for SOA security are sketched and assessed with respect to classical security means. Web services-based SOA systems are considered in particular. The analysis considers the native security functionality of common Web service stacks (e.g. Apache Axis, Microsoft WCF, Sun JAX-WS RI/WSIT).
X 509 Certificates How And Why In Vb.NetPuneet Arora
Learn Why and How to : X 509 Certificates
A public key certificate, usually just called a digital certificate or certs is a digitally signed document that is commonly used for authentication and secure exchange of information on open networks, such as the Internet, extranets, and intranets. A certificate securely binds a public key to the entity that holds the corresponding private key. Certificates are digitally signed by the issuing certification authority (CA) and can be issued for a user, a computer, or a service. This creates a trust relationship between two unknown entities. The CA is the Grand Pooh-bah of Validation in an organization, which everyone trusts, and in some public key environments, no certificate is considered valid unless it has been attested to by a CA. Example of a popular CA�s authority is http://www.verisign.com
Authentication and Authorization ModelsCSCJournals
In computer science distributed systems could be more secured with a distributed trust model based on either PKI or Kerberos. However, it becomes difficult to establish trust relationship across heterogeneous domains due to different actual trust mechanism and security policy as well as the intrinsic flaw of each trust model. Since Internet has been used commonly in information systems technologies, many applications need some security capabilities to protect against threats to the communication of information. Two critical procedures of these capabilities are authentication and authorization. This report presents a strong authentication and authorization model using three standard frameworks. They are PKI, PMI, and Directory. The trust in this approach is enabled by the use of public key infrastructure (PKI) which is applied for client two-factor authentication and secures the infrastructure. We introduce the preventive activity-based authorization policy for dynamic user privilege controls. It helps prevent successive unauthorized requests in a formal manner. At the core, we apply the Multi-Agent System (MAS) concept to facilitate the authentication and the authorization process in order to work with multi-applications and multi-clients more dynamically and efficiently.
Improving Security Features In MANET Authentication Through Scrutiny Of The C...Editor IJMTER
With changing times, the researchers fine MANET Security, a daunting task.
Authentication problems are crapping up frequently, in the Absence of well laid out of infrastructure
.The adaptability of TTP’s and non TTP’s in MANET’s becoming more difficult and impractical.
With the help of pre assigned logins on offline basis and issuance of certificates more effectively
can address with the help of Hybrid Key management Scheme on strength and use of 4G services.
The proper account of CRL status of servers was not taken into by the scheme. if it is embedded
the nodes need to check frequently the server’s CRL status for authenticating any node and place
external messages outside MANET which leads to overheads. To reduce them , we tried by going for
online MANET authority ,responsible for issuing certificates ,duly considering the CRL Status of
servers ,their renewable and key verification within the MANET, which had sufficiently reduced the
external messages.
Password-Authenticated Key Exchange Scheme Using Chaotic Maps towards a New A...dbpublications
Nowadays, the overwhelming majority of password-authenticated key agreement protocols using
chaotic maps are based on three architectures (client/server, two clients/server and multi-server)
and four security models (heuristic security, random oracle, ideal cipher and standard model).
However, with rapid changes in the modern communication environment such as wireless mesh
networks and cloud storing, it is necessary to put forward a kind more flexible and general
architecture to adapt it. So, in our paper, we firstly propose a provable secure password
authenticated key agreement protocol using chaotic maps towards multiple servers to server
architecture in the standard model. The multiple servers to server architecture will solve the
problems single-point of security, single-point of efficiency and single-point of failure in the
centralized registration center towards multi-server architecture. The new protocol resists
dictionary attacks mounted by either passive or active network intruders, allowing, in principle,
even weak password phrases to be used safely. It also offers perfect forward secrecy, which
protects past sessions and passwords against future compromises. Finally, we give the security
proof in the standard model and the efficiency analysis of our proposed scheme.
REMOVAL OF CERTIFICATES FROM SET PROTOCOL USING CERTIFICATELESS PUBLIC KEY CR...IJNSA Journal
Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) is a standard e-commerce protocol for securing credit card transactions over insecure networks. In a transaction using SET, all the members need public key certificates in order to authenticate their public key. Certificates are created by certificate authorities (CAs), The process of getting certificates from a certificate authority(CA) for any SET participants involves a large number of procedures like sending request to issue a certificates, getting approval or
rejection of request and finally obtain the certificates, which is essentially time consuming as because these are associated with certificate management, including renew, revocation ,storage and distribution and the computational cost of certificate verification, also the chain of verification can be quite long, depending on the certificate hierarchy. So, the issues associated with certificate management are quite complex and costly.The present paper attempts the removal of the certificates using the ‘certificateless public key cryptography (CL-PKC)’ . The basic idea of CL-PKC is to generate a public/private key pair for a user by using a master key of a Key Generation Center (KGC) with a random secret value selected by the user. Hence, CL-PKC eliminates the use of certificates in traditional PKC and solves the key escrow problem in ID-PKC.The comparison with existing SET implementation is also addressed in the paper that shows the effectiveness of the proposal.
Authentication
Authorization
Integrity and Confidentiality
Security Policy
A set of rules that define the security subjects, security objects, and relationships(security operations) among them.
CA(Certificate Authority)
The third party that does certification(the binding) and issuing certificate
Trust Domain
A logical, administrative structure where a single, consistent local security policy holds
Introduction
Business blockchain requirements vary. Some uses require rapid network consensus
systems and short block confirmation times before being added to the chain. For others,
a slower processing time may be acceptable in exchange for lower levels of required
trust. Scalability, confidentiality, compliance, workflow complexity, and even security
requirements differ drastically across industries and uses. Each of these requirements, and
many others, represent a potentially unique optimization point for the technology.
For these reasons, Hyperledger incubates and promotes a range of business blockchain
technologies including distributed ledgers, smart contract engines, client libraries, graphical
interfaces, utility libraries, and sample applications. Hyperledger’s umbrella strategy
encourages the re-use of common building blocks via a modular architectural framework.
This enables rapid innovation of distributed ledger technology (DLT), common functional
modules, and the interfaces between them. The benefits of this modular approach include
extensibility, flexibility, and the ability for any component to be modified independently
without affecting the rest of the system.
Symmetric cryptography is required in case of asymmetric cryptography because it is symmetric cryptography which helps to generate the key which can be expanded further to generate multiple keys which are required in case of symmetric cryptography. Thus, the symmetric cryptography acts as the background for the creation of multiple keys in asymmetric cryptography. Due to same key generation, symmetric key cipher is comparatively faster then asymmetric one. They are mainly used for the generation of the bulk data. On the other hand, asymmetric cryptography also support symmetric cryptography technique, as it helps to recognise the relatives strengths and weakness of symmetric cryptography which in turn is used to determine the instances where symmetric key can be used. Thus, both symmetric and asymmetric key cryptography are needed according to their own needs and requirements.
Blockchain technology has changed the revolution of data storage and privacy. Decentralized data storage technique in Blockchain introduced the dependent ledger system. The main motive of Blockchain is to avoid the third party authorization and validation process and intermediaries. This research process shows the different areas where Blockchain can be implemented and some guidelines. And what are the factors need to be considered while deploying the distributed ledgers. Nitin | Dr. Lakshmi J. V. N | Sharique Raza "A Study on Applications of Blockchain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33693.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/33693/a-study-on-applications-of-blockchain/nitin
White paper - Full SSL automation with OneClickSSLGlobalSign
SSL Automation from application to installation
GlobalSign has designed, developed and patented OneClickSSL™, a revolutionary technology that simplifies the process from SSL application to installation with levels of automation previously considered impossible – eliminating support fees and minimizing time spent supporting customers.
Learn how the OneClickSSL technology works, the deployment options and use cases and how to generate new revenues with OneClickSSL.
This paper analyzes vulnerabilities of the SSL/TLS
Handshake
protocol
, which
is
responsible
for
authentication of
the parties in the
communication
and
negotiation of
security parameters
that
will be used
to protect
confidentiality and
integrity of the
data
. It
will
be
analyzed the
attacks
against the implementation of Handshake
protocol, as well as the
attacks against the other
elements
necessary to SSL/TLS protocol to discover security
flaws that were exploited, modes of
attack, the potential consequences, but also studyi
ng methods of defense
.
All versions of the
protocol are going to be the subject of the researc
h but
emphasis will be placed
on the critical
attack that
the most endanger the safety of data.
The goal of
the research
is
to point out the
danger of
existence
of at least
vulnerability
in the SSL/TLS protocol
, which
can be exploited
and
endanger the safety of
the data
that should be protected.
This paper analyzes vulnerabilities of the SSL/TLS Handshake protocol, which is responsible for authentication of the parties in the communication and negotiation of security parameters that will be used to protect confidentiality and integrity of the data. It will be analyzed the attacks against the implementation of Handshake protocol, as well as the attacks against the other
elements necessary to SSL/TLS protocol to discover security flaws that were exploited, modes of
attack, the potential consequences, but also studying methods of defense. All versions of the
protocol are going to be the subject of the research but emphasis will be placed on the critical attack that the most endanger the safety of data. The goal of the research is to point out the
danger of existence of at least vulnerability in the SSL/TLS protocol, which can be exploited and endanger the safety of the data that should be protected.
Comparative Analysis of Open-SSL Vulnerabilities & Heartbleed Exploit DetectionCSCJournals
Since its introduction in 1994 the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol (later renamed to Transport Layer Security (TLS)) evolved to the de facto standard for securing the transport layer. SSL/TLS can be used for ensuring data confidentiality, integrity and authenticity during transport. A main feature of the protocol is its flexibility. Modes of operation and security aims can easily be configured through different cipher suites. During its evolutionary development process several flaws were found. However, the flexible architecture of SSL/TLS allowed efficient fixes in order to counter the issues. This paper presents an overview on theoretical and practical attacks of the last 20 years.
Improving Security Features In MANET Authentication Through Scrutiny Of The C...Editor IJMTER
With changing times, the researchers fine MANET Security, a daunting task.
Authentication problems are crapping up frequently, in the Absence of well laid out of infrastructure
.The adaptability of TTP’s and non TTP’s in MANET’s becoming more difficult and impractical.
With the help of pre assigned logins on offline basis and issuance of certificates more effectively
can address with the help of Hybrid Key management Scheme on strength and use of 4G services.
The proper account of CRL status of servers was not taken into by the scheme. if it is embedded
the nodes need to check frequently the server’s CRL status for authenticating any node and place
external messages outside MANET which leads to overheads. To reduce them , we tried by going for
online MANET authority ,responsible for issuing certificates ,duly considering the CRL Status of
servers ,their renewable and key verification within the MANET, which had sufficiently reduced the
external messages.
Password-Authenticated Key Exchange Scheme Using Chaotic Maps towards a New A...dbpublications
Nowadays, the overwhelming majority of password-authenticated key agreement protocols using
chaotic maps are based on three architectures (client/server, two clients/server and multi-server)
and four security models (heuristic security, random oracle, ideal cipher and standard model).
However, with rapid changes in the modern communication environment such as wireless mesh
networks and cloud storing, it is necessary to put forward a kind more flexible and general
architecture to adapt it. So, in our paper, we firstly propose a provable secure password
authenticated key agreement protocol using chaotic maps towards multiple servers to server
architecture in the standard model. The multiple servers to server architecture will solve the
problems single-point of security, single-point of efficiency and single-point of failure in the
centralized registration center towards multi-server architecture. The new protocol resists
dictionary attacks mounted by either passive or active network intruders, allowing, in principle,
even weak password phrases to be used safely. It also offers perfect forward secrecy, which
protects past sessions and passwords against future compromises. Finally, we give the security
proof in the standard model and the efficiency analysis of our proposed scheme.
REMOVAL OF CERTIFICATES FROM SET PROTOCOL USING CERTIFICATELESS PUBLIC KEY CR...IJNSA Journal
Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) is a standard e-commerce protocol for securing credit card transactions over insecure networks. In a transaction using SET, all the members need public key certificates in order to authenticate their public key. Certificates are created by certificate authorities (CAs), The process of getting certificates from a certificate authority(CA) for any SET participants involves a large number of procedures like sending request to issue a certificates, getting approval or
rejection of request and finally obtain the certificates, which is essentially time consuming as because these are associated with certificate management, including renew, revocation ,storage and distribution and the computational cost of certificate verification, also the chain of verification can be quite long, depending on the certificate hierarchy. So, the issues associated with certificate management are quite complex and costly.The present paper attempts the removal of the certificates using the ‘certificateless public key cryptography (CL-PKC)’ . The basic idea of CL-PKC is to generate a public/private key pair for a user by using a master key of a Key Generation Center (KGC) with a random secret value selected by the user. Hence, CL-PKC eliminates the use of certificates in traditional PKC and solves the key escrow problem in ID-PKC.The comparison with existing SET implementation is also addressed in the paper that shows the effectiveness of the proposal.
Authentication
Authorization
Integrity and Confidentiality
Security Policy
A set of rules that define the security subjects, security objects, and relationships(security operations) among them.
CA(Certificate Authority)
The third party that does certification(the binding) and issuing certificate
Trust Domain
A logical, administrative structure where a single, consistent local security policy holds
Introduction
Business blockchain requirements vary. Some uses require rapid network consensus
systems and short block confirmation times before being added to the chain. For others,
a slower processing time may be acceptable in exchange for lower levels of required
trust. Scalability, confidentiality, compliance, workflow complexity, and even security
requirements differ drastically across industries and uses. Each of these requirements, and
many others, represent a potentially unique optimization point for the technology.
For these reasons, Hyperledger incubates and promotes a range of business blockchain
technologies including distributed ledgers, smart contract engines, client libraries, graphical
interfaces, utility libraries, and sample applications. Hyperledger’s umbrella strategy
encourages the re-use of common building blocks via a modular architectural framework.
This enables rapid innovation of distributed ledger technology (DLT), common functional
modules, and the interfaces between them. The benefits of this modular approach include
extensibility, flexibility, and the ability for any component to be modified independently
without affecting the rest of the system.
Symmetric cryptography is required in case of asymmetric cryptography because it is symmetric cryptography which helps to generate the key which can be expanded further to generate multiple keys which are required in case of symmetric cryptography. Thus, the symmetric cryptography acts as the background for the creation of multiple keys in asymmetric cryptography. Due to same key generation, symmetric key cipher is comparatively faster then asymmetric one. They are mainly used for the generation of the bulk data. On the other hand, asymmetric cryptography also support symmetric cryptography technique, as it helps to recognise the relatives strengths and weakness of symmetric cryptography which in turn is used to determine the instances where symmetric key can be used. Thus, both symmetric and asymmetric key cryptography are needed according to their own needs and requirements.
Blockchain technology has changed the revolution of data storage and privacy. Decentralized data storage technique in Blockchain introduced the dependent ledger system. The main motive of Blockchain is to avoid the third party authorization and validation process and intermediaries. This research process shows the different areas where Blockchain can be implemented and some guidelines. And what are the factors need to be considered while deploying the distributed ledgers. Nitin | Dr. Lakshmi J. V. N | Sharique Raza "A Study on Applications of Blockchain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33693.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/33693/a-study-on-applications-of-blockchain/nitin
White paper - Full SSL automation with OneClickSSLGlobalSign
SSL Automation from application to installation
GlobalSign has designed, developed and patented OneClickSSL™, a revolutionary technology that simplifies the process from SSL application to installation with levels of automation previously considered impossible – eliminating support fees and minimizing time spent supporting customers.
Learn how the OneClickSSL technology works, the deployment options and use cases and how to generate new revenues with OneClickSSL.
This paper analyzes vulnerabilities of the SSL/TLS
Handshake
protocol
, which
is
responsible
for
authentication of
the parties in the
communication
and
negotiation of
security parameters
that
will be used
to protect
confidentiality and
integrity of the
data
. It
will
be
analyzed the
attacks
against the implementation of Handshake
protocol, as well as the
attacks against the other
elements
necessary to SSL/TLS protocol to discover security
flaws that were exploited, modes of
attack, the potential consequences, but also studyi
ng methods of defense
.
All versions of the
protocol are going to be the subject of the researc
h but
emphasis will be placed
on the critical
attack that
the most endanger the safety of data.
The goal of
the research
is
to point out the
danger of
existence
of at least
vulnerability
in the SSL/TLS protocol
, which
can be exploited
and
endanger the safety of
the data
that should be protected.
This paper analyzes vulnerabilities of the SSL/TLS Handshake protocol, which is responsible for authentication of the parties in the communication and negotiation of security parameters that will be used to protect confidentiality and integrity of the data. It will be analyzed the attacks against the implementation of Handshake protocol, as well as the attacks against the other
elements necessary to SSL/TLS protocol to discover security flaws that were exploited, modes of
attack, the potential consequences, but also studying methods of defense. All versions of the
protocol are going to be the subject of the research but emphasis will be placed on the critical attack that the most endanger the safety of data. The goal of the research is to point out the
danger of existence of at least vulnerability in the SSL/TLS protocol, which can be exploited and endanger the safety of the data that should be protected.
Comparative Analysis of Open-SSL Vulnerabilities & Heartbleed Exploit DetectionCSCJournals
Since its introduction in 1994 the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol (later renamed to Transport Layer Security (TLS)) evolved to the de facto standard for securing the transport layer. SSL/TLS can be used for ensuring data confidentiality, integrity and authenticity during transport. A main feature of the protocol is its flexibility. Modes of operation and security aims can easily be configured through different cipher suites. During its evolutionary development process several flaws were found. However, the flexible architecture of SSL/TLS allowed efficient fixes in order to counter the issues. This paper presents an overview on theoretical and practical attacks of the last 20 years.
Explain how SSL protocol is used to ensure the confidentiality and int.docxtodd401
Explain how SSL protocol is used to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of the Internet traffic.
Solution
SSL uses a combination of public-key and symmetric-key encryption to secure a connection between two machines, typically a Web or mail server and a client machine, communicating over the Internet or an internal network.
Using the OSI reference model as context, SSL runs above the TCP/IP protocol, which is responsible for the transport and routing of data over a network, and below higher-level protocols such as HTTP and IMAP, encrypting the data of network connections in the application layer of the Internet Protocol suite. The \"sockets\" part of the term refers to the sockets method of passing data back and forth between a client and a server program in a network, or between program layers in the same computer.
The Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol evolved from SSL and has largely superseded it, although the terms SSL or SSL/TLS are still commonly used; SSL is often used to refer to what is actually TLS. The combination of SSL/TLS is the most widely deployed security protocol used today and is found in applications such as Web browsers, email and basically any situation where data needs to be securely exchanged over a network, like file transfers, VPN connections, instant messaging and voice over IP.
The SSL protocol includes two sub-protocols: the record protocol and the \"handshake\" protocol. These protocols allow a client to authenticate a server and establish an encrypted SSL connection. In what\'s referred to as the \"initial handshake process,\" a server that supports SSL presents its digital certificate to the client to authenticate the server\'s identity. Server certificates follow the X.509 certificate format that is defined by the Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS). The authentication process uses public-key encryption to validate the digital certificate and confirm that a server is in fact the server it claims to be.
Once the server has been authenticated, the client and server establish cipher settings and a shared key to encrypt the information they exchange during the remainder of the session. This provides data confidentiality and integrity. This whole process is invisible to the user.
For example, if a webpage requires an SSL connection, the URL will change from HTTP to HTTPS and a padlock icon appears in the browser once the server has been authenticated.
The handshake also allows the client to authenticate itself to the server. In this case, after server authentication is successfully completed, the client must present its certificate to the server to authenticate the client\'s identity before the encrypted SSL session can be established.
.
Certificate pinning in android applicationsArash Ramez
How to do cryptography right in android
Part #4 / How to mitigate MITM attacks in SSL/TLS channels using server certification validation
watch it on youtube:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLT2xIm2X7W7gZ0mtoAA8JrfFrvOKr1Qlp
I would appreciate help with these 4 questions. Thank You.1) Expla.pdfJUSTSTYLISH3B2MOHALI
I would appreciate help with these 4 questions. Thank You.
1) Explain what the following are: root certificates, self-signed certificates. Describe how they
are used. Provide some examples of each explaining how they are used. You should be able to
find examples of each on your system by looking through various options available on your
browser.
2) Provide a listing of the fields associated with a certificate of your choosing. Use the X509
definition to match the general fields of a certificate with the certificate you choose to look at.
Describe each field.
3) Your manager is considering implementing a PKI infrastructure. They are considering using
RSA encryption technology for the central part of their infrastructure. You manager would like
to know some products or services that utilize RSA encryption technology. Provide three
examples and explain how they make use of the RSA encryption technology. Provide a few
original sentences describing each of your examples.
4) Compare the functionality offered by the RSA and Diffie-Hellman algorithms.
Solution
A Root SSL certificate could be a certificate issued by a trusty certificate authority (CA).In the
SSL system, anyone will generate a language key and sign a replacement certificate therewith
signature. However, that certificate isn\'t thought-about valid unless it\'s been directly or
indirectly signed by a trusty CA.A trusty certificate authority is Associate in Nursing entity that
has been entitled to verify that somebody is effectively World Health Organization it declares to
be. so as for this model to figure, all the participants on the sport should agree on a group of CA
that they trust. All operational systems and most of net browsers ship with a group of trusty
CAs.The SSL system is predicated on a model of trust relationship, conjointly known as “chain
of trust”. once a tool validates a certificate, it compares the certificate establishment with the list
of trusty CAs. If a match isn\'t found, the shopper can then check to check if the certificate of the
supplying CA was issued by a trusty CA, so on till the tip of the certificate chain. the highest of
the chain, the basis certificate, should be issued by a trusty Certificate Authority.
Self-signed certificates or certificates issued by a non-public CAs aren\'t appropriate to be used
with the overall public.A certificate serves two essential purpose distribute the public key and
verifying the individuality of the server so guests know they aren’t sending their information to
the wrong person. It can only properly verify the identity of the server when it is signed by a
trusted third party because any attacker can create a self-signed certificate and launch a man-in-
the-middle attack. If a user just accept a self-signed certificate, an attacker could drop on all the
traffic or try to set up an imitation server to phish additional information out of the user. Because
of this, you will approximately on no account want to use a self signe.
Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals, 3rd Edition, by Mark Ciampa
Knowledge and skills required for Network Administrators and Information Technology professionals to be aware of security vulnerabilities, to implement security measures, to analyze an existing network environment in consideration of known security threats or risks, to defend against attacks or viruses, and to ensure data privacy and integrity. Terminology and procedures for implementation and configuration of security, including access control, authorization, encryption, packet filters, firewalls, and Virtual Private Networks (VPNs).
CNIT 120: Network Security
http://samsclass.info/120/120_S09.shtml#lecture
Policy: http://samsclass.info/policy_use.htm
Many thanks to Sam Bowne for allowing to publish these presentations.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
1. SSL/TLS Interception Proxies and Transitive
Trust
Jeff Jarmoc
Dell SecureWorks Counter Threat Unit℠ Threat Intelligence
Presented at Black Hat Europe – March 14, 2012.
Introduction
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) [1] and its successor Transport Layer Security (TLS) [2] have become key
components of the modern Internet. The privacy, integrity, and authenticity [3] [4] provided by these
protocols are critical to allowing sensitive communications to occur. Without these systems, ecommerce, online banking, and business-to-business exchange of information would likely be far less
frequent.
Threat actors have also recognized the benefits of transport security, and they are increasingly turning to
SSL to hide their activities. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attackers [5], botnets [6], and even
commodity web attacks can leverage SSL encryption to evade detection.
To counter these tactics, organizations are increasingly deploying security controls that intercept endto-end encrypted channels. Web proxies, data loss prevention (DLP) systems, specialized threat
detection solutions, and network intrusion prevention systems (NIPS) offer functionality to intercept,
inspect, and filter encrypted traffic. Similar functionality is present in lawful intercept systems and
solutions enabling the broad surveillance of encrypted communications by governments. Broadly
classified as “SSL/TLS interception proxies,” these solutions act as a “man in the middle,” violating the
end-to-end security promises of SSL.
This type of interception comes at a cost. Intercepting SSL-encrypted connections sacrifices a degree of
privacy and integrity for the benefit of content inspection, often at the risk of authenticity and endpoint
validation. Implementers and designers of SSL interception proxies should consider these risks and
understand how their systems operate in unusual circumstances.
Background
Before exploring the methods and associated risks of intercepting and inspecting encrypted
communications, it is important to understand the inner workings of the relevant protocols. The
governing specifications for SSL [1], TLS [2], and X.509 [7] provide much greater detail.
History
The SSL and TLS protocols are very similar mechanisms and share a common history. Netscape
originally proposed the SSL protocol as a v2.0 draft specification [1] in 1994. SSLv2.0 was then updated
to become SSLv3.0 [8], which formed the basis of the standardized TLS protocol v1.0 [9]. TLS has since
been revised to v1.1 [10] and v1.2 [2]. Modern implementations generally support both TLSv1.0 and
TLSv1.1, with TLSv1.2 support still somewhat limited. However, the original name “SSL” has become part
the common lexicon.
In this analysis, the terms SSL and TLS are used interchangeably and generally refer to the specification
for TLSv1.1 with differences highlighted where relevant.