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HTML 101
HTML is the basic language of the World Web with English roots. It was invented in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee and uses tags to describe elements in simple ASCII text files for scripting content online rather than programming. Common versions include HTML 2.0, 3.0, and 3.5. Basic tools to setup a website include text editors and web browsers, while HTML uses tags like <HTML>, <HEAD>, <BODY>, and <Title> in a template to structure documents.
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HTML 101
- 1. H Basic language of the World Wide Web English roots T Invented in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee, Swiss Uses embedded code tags to describe elements M Simple ASCII text files Scripting and NOT PROGRAMMING L Versions - HTML 2.0, HTML 3.0, and HTML 3.5 1
- 2. Basic Tools tosetup a Web Site Text editor - Page Spinner for Macintosh - NotePad for Windows Web Browser - Google Chrome - Internet Explorer - Mozilla Firefox A graphic program - Graphic Animator - Photo Editor Photoshop 2
- 3. HTML Document Template <HTML> - tells the web browser on the type of document <HEAD> - technical information about the document is stated. <TITLE> - gives the document a name. <BODY> - where the actual document contents are placed 3
- 4. HTML Document Example <HTML> <HEAD><TITLE>A BASIC HTML FILE </TITLE></HEAD> <BODY> This is a very basic HTML file showing the use of document template tags. It’s very easy! </BODY> </HTML> 4
- 5. HTML Tag -Any Object or Element enclosed in < > angle brackets <tag attribute=“value“> Webpage Property Value Element or Format assigned or Object to attribute
- 6. Items enclosed bythis tag is the <BODY> actual document content. BACKGROUND = “image file” - the image file to be used as page background - this will be tiled if it is smaller than the viewing screen BGCOLOR = “color or Hexa Decimal” - defines the background color of the page TEXT = “color or Hexa Decimal” - defines the color of the normal body text LINK = “color string” - defines the text color of the hypertext link VLINK = “color string” - defines the text color of the visited links ALINK = “color string” - defines the text color of the active link (it’s the color that briefly flashes when the link text is clicked) 6
- 7. formats the textsof the <Font>...</Font> web page • Size = n (n = 1 to 7) normal size is 3 Attributes : • Color = “#rrggbb” or “color name” • Face = “font name” Other Text Control Tags <Small>...</Small> makes text smaller <Big>...</Big> makes text bigger <SUB>...</SUB> makes text subscript <SUP>...</SUP> makes text superscript <I>...</I> makes text italic <B>...</B> makes text bold <U>...</U> makes text underlined 7 <STRIKE>...</STRIKE> makes text strike
- 8. - syntax for declaring single space <br> - bring object to the next line (line break) PARAGRAPHS <P> defines the paragraph element </P> is optional since a new <P> : implies the end of the preceding : paragraph </P> <P align = left / center / right > 8
- 9. HEADING TAGS <H1>….</H1> <H2>….</H2> heading tag marks <H3>….</H3> texts as heads it has 6 level H1 to H6 <H4>….</H4> H1 has the largest font <H5>….</H5> size while H6 the smallest <H6>….</H6> <H4 ALIGN = left / center / right >…. </H4> 9
- 10. HORIZONTAL RULED LINE used to separate different areas <HR> of a web page it does not have a closing tag Attributes : color = “#ffffff” defines the color of the line width = n (pixel width) = n% (certain percent of screen width) size = n (line thickness in pixel) NOSHADE ---- to turn off line shading align = left / center / right Example: <HR width=80% size=4 align=right NOSHADE> 10
- 11. List Ordered List (Numbered) Syntax:<ol>… </ol> Unordered List (Bulleted) Syntax: <ul>… </ul>
- 12. <ol > <li> ..list items </li> <li> ..list items </li> <li> ..list items </li> </ol>
- 13. ANCHORED LINKS <A> indicates an anchor for a piece of : text or image that serves as the </A> origin of the hyperlink <A href = “URL”>linking text and/or image</A> •This URL can be another HTML document, a program, an image, an audio, or video file. 13
- 14. <A>…</A> attributes : HREF= “link destination” • specifies the hyperlink reference : the file to be accessed, in the form of a filename or URL. NAME = “bookmark” • gives a name to the link destination marker. It is used to identify a bookmark destination within an HTML file. TARGET = “frame label” • Indicates the name of a specific frame into which you load the linked document. Special TARGETS : “_BLANK” link is loaded into a new blank window “_SELF” link is loaded into the current browser window “_TOP” link is loaded into the frame where link was clicked on “_PARENT” link is loaded into in the immediate frameset parent 14