How west was lost
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The document discusses the removal of Native Americans from the Great Plains in the late 19th century. Railroads helped speed western expansion by transporting settlers and soldiers and improving communication. The Plains Indians like the Sioux and Comanche were nomadic peoples who followed buffalo herds. Railroads cut the buffalo's migratory paths, reducing the buffalo population and threatening the Plains Indians' main resource. As settlers moved in, US policy changed to relocating Indians to reservations, which were incompatible with their nomadic lifestyle. The Dawes Act broke up tribal lands and allotted individual families small farms, but failed because Plains Indians were hunters unaccustomed to farming and the concept of land ownership.
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How west was lost
The document discusses how railroads helped accelerate western expansion by transporting settlers and soldiers and improving communication. It describes Plains Indians as nomadic peoples who followed buffalo herds like the Sioux, Comanche, and Blackfoot. Railroads cut the buffalo's migratory paths, reducing the herds and providing food for workers, negatively impacting the Plains Indians who relied on buffalo as their main resource. As settlers moved in, US policy changed to relocating Indians to reservations too small for their nomadic lifestyle. The Dawes Act broke up tribal lands and allotted individual families small farms, but failed because Plains Indians were hunters unaccustomed to farming and the concept of land ownership.
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The document discusses how industrialization transformed the American West in the late 19th century. It summarizes that (1) the railroad industry expanded rapidly through land grants and loans, connecting regions and markets. (2) Mining and ranching industries also grew substantially, attracting workers but often exploiting them with low pay and dangerous conditions. (3) Many homesteaders and farmers struggled due to the difficulty of farming in the West and were unable to maintain their claims over the required 5 years.
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The document describes three economic zones in the Atlantic system: settler colonies, plantations, and Spanish mainland and mixed farming. It focuses on plantations in the Caribbean, which grew cash crops like sugar using slave labor from Africa under brutal conditions. Around 15-20 million Africans were enslaved and transported across the deadly Atlantic, impacting power dynamics in Africa as coastal tribes gained status through the slave trade. New world crops also increased populations in Africa over the long term.
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1) The transatlantic slave trade transported 10-20 million Africans to the Americas over 300 years, mostly to Brazil, the Caribbean, and Spanish colonies. Less than 5% went to North America.
2) Enslaved Africans were subjected to brutal conditions during capture, the Middle Passage voyage, and on plantations where they produced crops like cotton, sugar, and tobacco.
3) The slave trade had devastating impacts on Africa's population and development while fueling economic growth in Europe through plantation agriculture.
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Weathering
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Chapter 6 air pressure
Air pressure is caused by air particles constantly moving and colliding with surfaces. It presses down on everything from above and its strength decreases with increasing altitude as there is less air. Many tools like syringes and sprayers use air pressure principles in their functions. Safety measures must be followed when working with pressurized gases.
Winds and Wind System
this presentation is all about different kinds of winds and wind system.. hope this will help you a lot in your studies :)
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This document discusses monsoons and wind patterns in the Philippines. It begins by explaining the objectives, which are to interpret maps of wind direction, explain seasonal temperature changes, illustrate why the habagat wind brings heavy rain, and discuss how monsoons affect people. It then provides figures showing wind direction in January and July, explaining that low pressures in January cause the amihan northeast winds while low pressures in Australia cause the habagat southwest winds in July. The document concludes by discussing how the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) causes rising warm air at the equator, resulting in converging winds and rain storms.
Blackfoot
The Blackfeet Indians are originally from northern Montana, Idaho, and Alberta, Canada. They hunted buffalo, deer, moose, and other game for food and used plants like berries and nuts. Pemmican, made from dried meat and berries, was an important part of their diet. The tribe was made up of hunters, farmers, fishermen, and warriors. Men hunted and defended the tribe while women gathered food and built homes called tipis made of poles and hides.
Blackfoot Tribe
The document discusses aspects of Blackfoot culture such as transportation, clothing, arts and crafts, shelter, food, location, and facts. It states that the Blackfoot used horses, rafts or dogsleds for transportation. Their shelters were tepees made from sticks and buffalo skins that were portable as they followed buffalo herds. Their diet consisted of buffalo, mountain sheep, nuts and berries.
Weathering, Erosion and Deposition.(3rd/4th grade teach)
Ties weathering, erosion and deposition together as one continuing process for younger elementary students.
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Global winds are caused by differences in air pressure from the uneven heating of the Earth. This uneven heating produces pressure belts that drive the three main types of global winds: polar easterlies, westerlies, and trade winds. Local winds such as sea breezes and land breezes are also caused by temperature differences, with sea breezes blowing from ocean to land during the day when land is warmer, and land breezes blowing from land to ocean at night when the water is warmer.
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Cheyenne Indians
The Cheyenne Indians originally lived in the eastern United States but moved west into the Great Plains region between the Rocky Mountains and Mississippi River. They relied heavily on buffalo for resources like food, clothing, shelter, and tools. Buffalo provided all of their basic needs and no part of the animal went to waste. They only hunted what was necessary for survival.
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The document summarizes the subjugation of Native Americans in the West through warfare, confinement to reservations, and attempts to destroy their culture. It describes the construction of transcontinental railroads which integrated the West into the national economy and attracted large numbers of migrants seeking work. It discusses how mining, ranching, and farming shifted from individual pursuits to corporate enterprises in the West.
Westward Expansion
Westward expansion occurred as thousands of pioneers moved west for opportunities like mining for gold during the California Gold Rush, free land offered by the Homestead Act, adventure, and escaping undesirable situations. Pioneers faced many dangers on their journeys in covered wagons like lack of resources, harsh weather, and conflicts with Native Americans and other settlers. Life was difficult for settlers on the prairie as they built homes in isolated areas with little protection or infrastructure. While the pioneer spirit drove many west, the expansion had negative impacts as well through displacement of Native Americans.
Ch. 13 notes section1
The culture of the Plains Indians declined as white settlers transformed the Great Plains, pushing the Indians off their lands. Meanwhile, farmers formed the Populist movement to address their economic concerns arising from the settlement of the West. As settlers moved west and claimed more land, conflicts increased between Native Americans and settlers who wanted to own the land.
Aftermath West
The document discusses several key factors that influenced the post-Civil War expansion and settlement of the American West:
1) Ideologies like Manifest Destiny and nationalism guided westward expansion, as the US sought to expand its territory across the continent.
2) New legislation like the Homestead Act of 1862 offered free or cheap land, incentivizing farmers to settle the West. Transcontinental railroads also promoted western migration.
3) Conflict arose as white settlers pushed onto lands inhabited by Native Americans, leading to a series of Indian Wars as the US military forced tribes onto reservations to make way for expansion.
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The document provides poverty guidelines for the 48 contiguous states and Washington D.C. based on family size and annual income. It lists the poverty guideline in dollars for families of 1 to 8 persons.
Chapter 17 for blog
Mining and railroads transformed the American West in the late 1800s. Gold and silver strikes attracted miners who established boomtowns near mining sites. The completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869 connected the West to markets and further accelerated settlement. Native Americans struggled as settlers encroached on their lands, breaking treaties. Battles like the Little Bighorn and Wounded Knee marked the decline of Native cultures. At the same time, cattle ranching became a major industry on the open range of the West.
Chapter 17 for blog
Mining and railroads transformed the American West in the late 1800s. Gold and silver strikes attracted miners who established boomtowns near mining sites. The completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869 connected the West to markets and further accelerated settlement. Native Americans struggled as settlers encroached on their lands, breaking treaties. Battles like the Little Bighorn and Wounded Knee marked the decline of Native cultures. At the same time, cattle ranching became a major industry on the open range of the West.
Chapter 17 for blog
Mining and railroads transformed the American West in the late 19th century. Gold and silver strikes attracted miners who established boomtowns near mining sites. The completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869 connected the West to markets and facilitated further settlement. Farming on the plains was difficult due to scarce water and unpredictable weather, and many homesteaders could not last the required 5 years to own their land. Native Americans struggled as settlers and loss of buffalo encroached on their traditional lands and way of life.
Essay On Hist12
The document discusses the decline of Plains Indian populations between 1780-1870 due to disease and conflicts with other tribes as they were pushed westward. It also describes the Indian wars on the Great Plains as the last resistance of tribes devastated by disease and government removal policies. Some tribes fought alongside the US Army against enemies like the Sioux. By 1877, tribes were given an ultimatum to live on reservations or be hunted down. Educational opportunities provided by white reformers aimed to assimilate Native American children into white culture but had mixed results.
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The document provides an overview of the agricultural revolution in the United States between 1865-1890, including the displacement of Native Americans, western expansion, development of farming and cattle ranching, and economic hardships faced by farmers. It discusses factors such as the Homestead Act, drought, the rise of mechanized agriculture, and the formation of groups like the Grange to politically advocate for farmers' interests in the face of debt, deflation, and railroad monopolies.
Pageant 13th Ch 26 lecture text only
The document provides an overview of the agricultural revolution in the United States between 1865-1890, including the displacement of Native Americans, western expansion, development of farming and cattle ranching, and economic hardships faced by farmers. It discusses factors such as the Homestead Act, drought, the rise of mechanized agriculture, and the formation of groups like the Grange to politically advocate for farmers' interests in the face of debt, deflation, and railroad monopolies.
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The document provides an overview of the clash between Native American tribes and white American settlers on the Plains in the mid-19th century. It describes how the Plains Indians numbered around 360,000 in 1860 and roamed freely, but faced increasing pressure from white settlers moving west. An inevitable clash loomed as the acquisitive civilization of the settlers confronted the traditional culture of the tribes. The federal government tried to control the situation through treaties, but settlers did not respect Indian rights and the result was conflict and a receding Native population.
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The document summarizes the history of the American West from the 1800s. It describes how Native Americans lived on the plains and hunted buffalo before settlers arrived. It then discusses the influx of settlers after gold was discovered, their conflicts with Native Americans over land, and key events like the Sand Creek Massacre. It also outlines the rise of cattle ranching and the end of the frontier period in the late 1800s.
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During the late 19th century, indigenous peoples in both the United States and Canada faced increasing pressure on their lands and autonomy as white settlers expanded westward. In the US, many tribes resisted through warfare, leading to repeated military campaigns against them. In Canada, the Mounted Police usually prevented violence. Both countries pursued policies to assimilate indigenous groups through land policies like allotment in the US and enfranchisement in Canada, as well as educational and religious institutions like boarding schools, with the goal of replacing indigenous cultures and identities.
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How did the first people come to America?
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The Plains Indians originally migrated to North America from Asia during the Ice Age. They lived on the edges of the Great Plains, which were inhabited only by buffalo. Three key factors in the 16th-17th centuries caused tribes to move fully onto the Great Plains: the acquisition of horses allowed greater mobility; guns unbalanced power dynamics and caused tribes like the Sioux to flee; and diseases brought by Europeans wiped out many settlements, making the Plains a refuge.
Settling The West Review Student
The document summarizes the settlement of the American West between 1865 and 1890. It describes how the frontier pushed westward due to the Homestead Act, transcontinental railroad, mining, cattle ranching, and farming. It also discusses the subduing of Native Americans through broken treaties and warfare, which resulted in their confinement to reservations by 1890. The closing of the frontier by 1890 marked the end of an era in American history.
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This document provides an overview of early Native American history before and after European contact. It discusses that Native Americans arrived in North America between 12,000-40,000 years ago via land bridges or boats. It notes that pre-contact Native American populations were much larger than previously believed, with some regions like Central America having over 25 million people. It describes the advanced cultures and large cities of Native Americans, including the Mississippian city of Cahokia near St. Louis which was larger than Egyptian pyramids. The document then outlines the devastating impacts of European exploration and disease, as well as broken treaties, wars and violence that decimated Native American populations after 1492.
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The document discusses the indigenous peoples of North and Central America, including the Paleoamericans who first entered the Americas, various Native American tribes like the Ohlone and Salish, and the history of slavery and colonialism. It notes that Paleoamericans likely originated from Africa and were genetically indistinguishable from modern Black Africans. It describes how European contact led to the enslavement and decline of many Native American populations, as well as mixing between Native Americans, Africans, and Europeans that created populations of Mulatto and mixed-heritage peoples.
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1980 90s
President Ford faced challenges of inflation, recession, and vetoing many bills. Carter had low voter turnout and created new departments but faced economic issues. Reagan was elected due to dissatisfaction with Carter and revived religious fundamentalism. Reagan cut taxes and increased defense spending, causing huge deficits. His economic slump led to interest rate hikes, then tax raises. Reagan was re-elected due to low inflation and oil prices. The Iran-Contra affair involved secretly selling arms to Iran for hostages. Bush prioritized the drug war and debt reduction but had to raise taxes. Clinton focused on health care, the economy, and was impeached.
Nixon era
Nixon appealed to voters in the 1968 election by campaigning on issues of law and order, appealing to middle class voters, and opposing busing to desegregate schools. As president, Nixon faced economic challenges of stagflation as inflation doubled by 1973 and unemployment increased partly due to Great Society and Vietnam spending, while the oil embargo also impacted the economy. Nixon won re-election in 1972 as his opponent, McGovern, was seen as too liberal and anti-war. However, the Watergate scandal resulted in Nixon becoming the first president to resign from office and led to over 25 officials being convicted, representing the most serious constitutional crisis since Andrew Johnson's impeachment and increased distrust in politicians.
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President Lyndon B. Johnson pushed an ambitious domestic agenda during his presidency known as the Great Society. This included establishing programs to fight poverty like Head Start and Job Corps, passing Medicare and the Voting Rights Act, and significantly increasing funding for education. The 1964 election focused on issues like the Vietnam War and Johnson's opponent Barry Goldwater's more conservative stances, allowing Johnson to win in a landslide.
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Kennedy narrowly won the 1960 election due to factors like Nixon coming across poorly in debates and Kennedy's charismatic image. Kennedy's New Frontier program focused on increasing the minimum wage, expanding social programs, creating the Peace Corps, advancing the space program, and passing the Federal Housing Act. While Kennedy wanted to focus on foreign affairs over civil rights, his election year coincided with the growing civil rights movement.
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The document summarizes key events leading up to and during World War II. It discusses how the US initially tried to stay out of European affairs after WWI but eventually provided support to Britain through destroyers and lend-lease. Japan's expansionism led to conflict and their attack on Pearl Harbor brought the US into the war. The Allied strategies involved defeating Germany first then focusing on island hopping to defeat Japan, which ultimately required atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki leading to Japan's surrender.
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European exploration
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The passage discusses three progressive US presidents from the early 20th century: Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson. It outlines some of their key policies and beliefs. Theodore Roosevelt became president in 1901 after McKinley's assassination. He believed in a strong and active federal government to protect people from big business. He took actions like trust-busting and establishing national parks. Woodrow Wilson defeated both Roosevelt and Taft in the 1912 election by advocating for restoring competition through trust-busting.
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How west was lost
- 9. Made large commercial farms possible
- 14. Roamed the plains following herds of buffalo
- 19. Buffalo served as food for rail workers
- 30. To small for nomadic hunters
- 33. Gave each family 160 acres to farm
- 39. Plains people had been nomads. They did not always understand land ownership