This document summarizes the telecommunication network of MTNL (Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited), India's state-owned telecom service provider in Mumbai and Delhi. It discusses the key components of MTNL's network including telephone exchanges, main distribution frames, switching systems, and various exchanges used. It also provides an overview of MTNL's broadband services, describing the requirements for broadband connections such as ADSL modems, and the network model for ADSL. The document contains diagrams illustrating the main parts of the telecommunication network and the network model for ADSL.

1. Industrial Training Seminar on
MTNL
Submitted By:-
ANKITA SINGH
B.Tech.(EC)
Final Year
Roll No. 1203031028
SESSION : 2015-16

2. CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. BASIC TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK
3. HOW THE CALL SETUP
4. THE MAIN PARTS OF TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK
5. TELEPHONE EXCHANGE
6. MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME
7. SWITICHING SYSTEM
8. VARIOUS EXCHANGES IN MTNL
9. BROADBAND
10.REQUIREMENT FOR PROVIDING BROADBAND CONNECTION
11.ADSL MODEM
12.NETWORK MODEL FOR ADSL
13.REFERENCES

3. Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) is a state-
owned telecommunications service provider in the metro cities
of Mumbai and New Delhi in India .
The company had a monopoly in Mumbai and New Delhi until
1992, when the telecom sector was opened to other service
providers. "Transparency makes us different" is the motto of the
company.
It provides a comprehensive range of services in India, which
include wireless connections, CDMA mobile, GSM lines,
Internet, broadband ,FTTHand VOIP (voice over Internet
protocol).
INTRODUCTION

4. In 1876 Scottish Alexander Graham Bell was the first
who invented telephone.
A telephone is a telecommunication device that
permits two or more users to conduct a conversation.
It converts sound, or human voice into electronic
signals suitable for transmission.
Essential elements of a telephone are a
microphone(transmitter and an earphone (receiver)
In addition, most telephones contain a ringer and
a dial
BASIC TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK

5. HOW CALL SETUP
When a subscriber calls to another subscriber first its
request goes to the nearest switching center that is PSTN
(Public Switching Telecommunication Network).
 Then it processes the caller and subscriber’s number if it
exists in the same BSC then call setup is completed.
If subscriber is not in the same BSC (Base Switching
Centre) then call transfer to MSC (Main Switching Centre)
then it transfers the call to prior BSC then call setup is
completed.
If Caller calls to a mobile subscriber then call transfer is
done by MTSO now call transfer is done on BTSs and call

6.  The base transceiver station, or BTS,
contains the equipment for transmitting
and receiving radio signals
(transceivers), antennas, and equipment
for encrypting and decrypting
communications with the base station
controller .
 Base station controller Manages a number
of BTSs. BSCs reserve radio frequencies
for communication and manage
handovers between BTSs
 A mobile switching center (MSC) is the
centerpiece of a network switching
subsystem (NSS). The MSC is mostly
associated with communications
switching functions, such as call set-up
and routing.

7. 1.Telephone Exchange
2.Main Distribution Frame (MDF)
3.Switch Room
THE MAIN PARTS OF TELECOMMUNICATION
NETWORKNETWORK
TELEPHONE
EXCHANGE
MAIN DISTRIBUTION
FRAME
SWITCHING SYSTEM

8.  Equipment which effects
interconnection of telephone is
known as switching equipment.
 A telephone exchange is
a telecommunications system used
in the PSTN or in large
enterprises.
 An exchange consists of
electronic components that
interconnect (switch) telephone
subscriber lines or virtual circuits
of digital systems to
establish telephone calls between
subscribers.
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE

9. MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME
MDF
FUNCTIONS OF MDF:
 M.D.F. is a media between switching network and
subscriber’s line
 All copper wires supplying services through user
telephone lines are terminated and distributed through
MDF.
 MDF is a long steel rack accessible from both sides.
 It consists of local connection and broadband connection
frames for the main Exchange area.
 It checks whether fault is indoor or external.
 All lines terminate individually

10. Structure Of MDF

11. SWITCHING SYSTEM
 The process of making a connection between
telecommunication devices.
 The switching centers receives the control signals,
messages or conversations
 forwards message to the required destination, after
necessary modification.
 A switching system is a collection of switching
elements
 It arranged and controlled in such a way as to setup
a communication path between any two distant
points.
 During the early years of telephones, this switching was
done manually by an operator

12.  5ESS;- (class 5 telephone electronic switching
system)
 EWSD:- (Electronic World Switch Digital )
 OCB-283:- (organ command bhersion 2nd
generation 8300 motorolla
microprocessor)
 AXE-10
VARIOUS EXCHANGES OF MTNLARE:

13. AXE-10
 It is a stored program control telephone switching system.
 designed for a full range of applications for local
exchanges, tandem exchanges and small- to medium-size
transit exchange.
 Consist duplicate central processor.
OCB-10
 It is a digital switching system with single ‘T’ stage Switch.
 A maximum of 2048 PCMs can be connected.
 It supports both analog and digital subscribers.
 It support all type of signalling like CCS-7

14. BROADBAND SERVICE
 Broadband refers to a connection that has capacity to
transmit large amount of data at high speed.
 It provides Internet, IPTV and VoIP simultaneously
along with basic telephone service
 Minimum download speed of 256 kbps to an
individual subscriber
 Point Of Presence (POP) of the service provider
 All signals such as video, audio, data passes through
single medium
 An ‘always-on' data connection that is able to
support interactive services including Internet
access.

15. REQUIREMENT FOR PROVIDING
BROAD BAND CONNECTION
1.Personal Computer
2.ADSL Modem
3.Land Line Connection
4.Splitter
5.High speed Internet Access

16. MODEM:- Modulation/Demodulation
ADSL:- Asymmetric digital subscriber line
 ADSL is a type of digital subscriber line technology, a data
communications technology that enables faster data transmission
over copper telephone lines.
 Has different speed for:-
 Downloading:- 136khz to 1.1Mhz
 uploading:- 26khz to 138khz.
 Can transmit both voice and data simultaneously over a single copper
wire upto 5.5km.
 Splitter – low pass filter for separating POTS from ADSL
ADSL MODEM

18. Network Model for
Asymmetric DSL

19. REFERENCE
1. Data Communication And Networking- Behrouz A.
Foruzan
2. Wireless Communication and Networks-William
Stallings
3. Computer Networking – Kurose & Ross
4. www.mtnl.co.in