This document provides specifications for interfacing the Sysmex XE-2100 Automated Hematology Analyzer with a host computer. It describes the hardware communication specifications including the connector, signals, and format. It also describes the software data formats, including the text format, transmission procedures, error handling, and formats for analysis data and quality control data sent to the host computer.
Protein Sequence, Structure, and Functional Databases: UniProtKB, Swiss-Prot, TrEMBL, PIR, MIPS, PROSITE, PRINTS, BLOCKS, Pfam, NDRB, OWL, PDB, SCOP, CATH, NDB, PQS, SYSTERS, and Motif. Presented at UGC Sponsored National Workshop on Bioinformatics and Sequence Analysis conducted by Nesamony Memorial Christian College, Marthandam on 9th and 10th October, 2017 by Prof. T. Ashok Kumar
Medical Laboratory Accreditation (ISO 15189)IBEX SYSTEMS
Looking for ISO 15189 certification in Dubai? Ibex Systems facilitates to get medical laboratory accreditation in UAE and Saudi Arabia.
Visit our Site: https://www.ibexsystems.net/iso-15189-medical-laboratory-accreditation/
See the Whole Picture: Using SV-AUC for Empty/Full AAV Capsid AnalysisMilliporeSigma
Watch this webinar here: https://bit.ly/31ZZM3n
Join this webinar for key insights on using the SV-AUC assay for empty/full analysis of your AAV viral vector. We’ll cover the technical requirements for this assay, data interpretation, and finally how this assay fits into the larger picture of AAV characterization.
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are widely used as gene transfer vectors. However, AAV production generates mixed populations of viral capsids containing either complete viral vector genome (full capsids); partially filled, and those lacking the viral genome (empty capsids). Sedimentation Velocity Analytical Ultracentrifugation (SV-AUC) offers a robust, accurate, and consistent method for characterizing empty/full AAV capsid composition. In this webinar we will review the key technical requirements for performing an AUC assay as well as analysis and data interpretation of the results generated.
In this webinar, you will learn:
• Regulatory expectations for empty/full analysis
• Key technical requirements for running an AUC assay and how to interpret the data from the results generated
• How the AUC assay fits into the larger picture of AAV characterization
Protein Sequence, Structure, and Functional Databases: UniProtKB, Swiss-Prot, TrEMBL, PIR, MIPS, PROSITE, PRINTS, BLOCKS, Pfam, NDRB, OWL, PDB, SCOP, CATH, NDB, PQS, SYSTERS, and Motif. Presented at UGC Sponsored National Workshop on Bioinformatics and Sequence Analysis conducted by Nesamony Memorial Christian College, Marthandam on 9th and 10th October, 2017 by Prof. T. Ashok Kumar
Medical Laboratory Accreditation (ISO 15189)IBEX SYSTEMS
Looking for ISO 15189 certification in Dubai? Ibex Systems facilitates to get medical laboratory accreditation in UAE and Saudi Arabia.
Visit our Site: https://www.ibexsystems.net/iso-15189-medical-laboratory-accreditation/
See the Whole Picture: Using SV-AUC for Empty/Full AAV Capsid AnalysisMilliporeSigma
Watch this webinar here: https://bit.ly/31ZZM3n
Join this webinar for key insights on using the SV-AUC assay for empty/full analysis of your AAV viral vector. We’ll cover the technical requirements for this assay, data interpretation, and finally how this assay fits into the larger picture of AAV characterization.
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are widely used as gene transfer vectors. However, AAV production generates mixed populations of viral capsids containing either complete viral vector genome (full capsids); partially filled, and those lacking the viral genome (empty capsids). Sedimentation Velocity Analytical Ultracentrifugation (SV-AUC) offers a robust, accurate, and consistent method for characterizing empty/full AAV capsid composition. In this webinar we will review the key technical requirements for performing an AUC assay as well as analysis and data interpretation of the results generated.
In this webinar, you will learn:
• Regulatory expectations for empty/full analysis
• Key technical requirements for running an AUC assay and how to interpret the data from the results generated
• How the AUC assay fits into the larger picture of AAV characterization
1. System Analyst Work as A
2. Qualities of the system Analyst
3. System Development Life Cycle
4. Identifying Problems, Opportunities and objectives
5. Determining Human Information Requirements
6. Analyzing System Needs
7. Designing the recommended System
8. Testing and Maintaining the system
9. Implementing and Evaluating
Course: Bioinformatics for Biomedical Research (2014).
Session: 2.3- Introduction to NGS Variant Calling Analysis.
Statistics and Bioinformatisc Unit (UEB) & High Technology Unit (UAT) from Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (www.vhir.org), Barcelona.
How to calculate the size of DNA fragments using unknown marker lengthNishanth S
The size of DNA fragment or the gene of interest could be estimated using standard markers (like 1kb, 100bp markers etc.). If our fragment run between the known marker fragment, then this method is useful.
Viral clearance is a critical component of regulatory submissions as it helps demonstrate overall product safety . Laboratory scale-down models validate your downstream purification process for removal/inactivation of adventitious agents. The design of an effective viral clearance platform is essential for continual success. WuXi Advanced Therapies has the right experience for the nuanced world of viral clearance and a platform to drive higher log reduction values (LRV).
Success comes from enabling your workforce to make better decisions and execute appropriate actions. We deliver value to your Hospital or Clinic by helping you reduce the time, resources, effort, and cost of operating your Laboratory System.
Our Laboratory Information System is built on world class Sage 300 ERP award winning architecture. Lab System integrates with any HL7 compliant hospital information system. LIS follows CAP compliant (College of American Pathologists) and most of the hospitals were LIS is implemented are JCI (Joint Commission International).
CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing is based on a microbial restriction system, that has been harnessed for genome targeting using only a short sequence of RNA as a guide.
The beauty of the system is that unlike protein binding based technologies such as Zinc Fingers and TALENs which require complex protein engineering, the design rules are very simple, and it is this fact that is allowing CRISPR to take genome engineering from a relatively niche persuit to the mainstream scientific community.
The principle of the system is that a short guide RNA, homologous to the target site recruits a nuclease – Cas9
This then cuts the dsDNA, triggering repair by either the low fidelity NHEJ pathway, or by HDR in the presence of an exogenous donor sequence.
High Efficiencies for both knockouts and knock-ins have been reported and whilst there are understandable concerns about specificity, new methodologies to address these are now being developed
The system itself is comprised of three key components
the Cas9 protein, which cuts/cleaves the DNA and
Two RNAs - a crispr RNA contains the sequence homologous to the target site and a trans-activating crisprRNA (or TracrRNA) which recruits the nuclease/crispr complex
For genome editing, the crisperRNA and TraceRNA are generally now constructed together into a single guideRNA or sgRNA
Genome editing is elicited through hybridization of the sgRNA with its matching genomic sequence, and the recruitment of the Cas9, which cleaves at the target site.
Viral safety of biologics: What's changing with the ICH Q5A revision?Merck Life Sciences
Watch the presentation of this webinar here: https://bit.ly/3t7X9tg
How does the ICH Q5A revision impact viral safety strategies for biologics?
Biologics continue to grow at a fast pace. Manufactured using cell lines of human or animal origin, these are at risk of viral contamination making safety strategies critical. A comprehensive risk mitigation strategy using multiple orthogonal measures is a regulatory expectation. ICH Q5A, the globally-harmonized guideline outlines the expectations. ICH Q5A is currently being revised to address recent scientific advancements including novel therapeutic modalities, new manufacturing paradigms, updates in viral clearance applications, and alternate detection technologies. We’ll discuss the expected changes and potential impact on viral safety strategies with case studies and examples.
In this webinar, you will learn about:
• The Importance of virus testing in biologics products
• Regulatory landscape, expectations for the Q5A revision
• What's new and changing
• Examples of alternate testing schedules, impact on viral clearance
Presented by:
Manjula Aysola, Senior Regulatory Consultant
Alison Armstrong, PhD, Sr. Director, Technical and Scientific Solutions
The PPT explain about the NABL and accreditation process according to the ISO 17025. And how you will get benefited with the NABL/ISO 17025 accreditation for your Lab.
1. System Analyst Work as A
2. Qualities of the system Analyst
3. System Development Life Cycle
4. Identifying Problems, Opportunities and objectives
5. Determining Human Information Requirements
6. Analyzing System Needs
7. Designing the recommended System
8. Testing and Maintaining the system
9. Implementing and Evaluating
Course: Bioinformatics for Biomedical Research (2014).
Session: 2.3- Introduction to NGS Variant Calling Analysis.
Statistics and Bioinformatisc Unit (UEB) & High Technology Unit (UAT) from Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (www.vhir.org), Barcelona.
How to calculate the size of DNA fragments using unknown marker lengthNishanth S
The size of DNA fragment or the gene of interest could be estimated using standard markers (like 1kb, 100bp markers etc.). If our fragment run between the known marker fragment, then this method is useful.
Viral clearance is a critical component of regulatory submissions as it helps demonstrate overall product safety . Laboratory scale-down models validate your downstream purification process for removal/inactivation of adventitious agents. The design of an effective viral clearance platform is essential for continual success. WuXi Advanced Therapies has the right experience for the nuanced world of viral clearance and a platform to drive higher log reduction values (LRV).
Success comes from enabling your workforce to make better decisions and execute appropriate actions. We deliver value to your Hospital or Clinic by helping you reduce the time, resources, effort, and cost of operating your Laboratory System.
Our Laboratory Information System is built on world class Sage 300 ERP award winning architecture. Lab System integrates with any HL7 compliant hospital information system. LIS follows CAP compliant (College of American Pathologists) and most of the hospitals were LIS is implemented are JCI (Joint Commission International).
CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing is based on a microbial restriction system, that has been harnessed for genome targeting using only a short sequence of RNA as a guide.
The beauty of the system is that unlike protein binding based technologies such as Zinc Fingers and TALENs which require complex protein engineering, the design rules are very simple, and it is this fact that is allowing CRISPR to take genome engineering from a relatively niche persuit to the mainstream scientific community.
The principle of the system is that a short guide RNA, homologous to the target site recruits a nuclease – Cas9
This then cuts the dsDNA, triggering repair by either the low fidelity NHEJ pathway, or by HDR in the presence of an exogenous donor sequence.
High Efficiencies for both knockouts and knock-ins have been reported and whilst there are understandable concerns about specificity, new methodologies to address these are now being developed
The system itself is comprised of three key components
the Cas9 protein, which cuts/cleaves the DNA and
Two RNAs - a crispr RNA contains the sequence homologous to the target site and a trans-activating crisprRNA (or TracrRNA) which recruits the nuclease/crispr complex
For genome editing, the crisperRNA and TraceRNA are generally now constructed together into a single guideRNA or sgRNA
Genome editing is elicited through hybridization of the sgRNA with its matching genomic sequence, and the recruitment of the Cas9, which cleaves at the target site.
Viral safety of biologics: What's changing with the ICH Q5A revision?Merck Life Sciences
Watch the presentation of this webinar here: https://bit.ly/3t7X9tg
How does the ICH Q5A revision impact viral safety strategies for biologics?
Biologics continue to grow at a fast pace. Manufactured using cell lines of human or animal origin, these are at risk of viral contamination making safety strategies critical. A comprehensive risk mitigation strategy using multiple orthogonal measures is a regulatory expectation. ICH Q5A, the globally-harmonized guideline outlines the expectations. ICH Q5A is currently being revised to address recent scientific advancements including novel therapeutic modalities, new manufacturing paradigms, updates in viral clearance applications, and alternate detection technologies. We’ll discuss the expected changes and potential impact on viral safety strategies with case studies and examples.
In this webinar, you will learn about:
• The Importance of virus testing in biologics products
• Regulatory landscape, expectations for the Q5A revision
• What's new and changing
• Examples of alternate testing schedules, impact on viral clearance
Presented by:
Manjula Aysola, Senior Regulatory Consultant
Alison Armstrong, PhD, Sr. Director, Technical and Scientific Solutions
The PPT explain about the NABL and accreditation process according to the ISO 17025. And how you will get benefited with the NABL/ISO 17025 accreditation for your Lab.
Quý khách có nhu cầu mua hàng hoặc hợp tác cùng chúng tôi xin vui lòng liên hệ theo địa chỉ :
CÔNG TY CỔ PHẦN HẠO PHƯƠNG
Trụ sở chính:
Địa chỉ: Số 88 đường Vĩnh Phú 40, Kp. Hòa Long, P. Vĩnh Phú, Thuận An, Bình Dương.
Văn phòng Hà Nội:
Địa chỉ: Số 95 TT4 - KĐT Mỹ Đình Sông Đà - Phường Mỹ Đình - Q. Nam Từ Liêm - Hà Nội
Chi nhánh Cambodia:
Địa chỉ: The Park Land SenSok, Borey Chip Mong, House Number 22, P11.Sangkat Phnom Penh Thmey, Khan San Sok, Phnom Penh.
Email: cs@haophuong.com - Website: haophuong.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/haophuongcompany/
HOTLINE: 1800 6547
Alarm Grid Home Security http://www.alarmgrid.com/ has provided this pdf with the permission and courtesy of Honeywell.
Alarm Grid is a home security product and alarm monitoring company that loves its customers. We have a strong appreciation of the DIY community, and want to make sure that we not only provide the best products and services out there but we also want to make sure that resources like these Honeywell product pdfs are easily accessible so that or curious customers can find what they need when they need it.
In This PPT we are discussed about complete details of that product (Use,Operation, Technical details, Dimensions, Wiring, and etc..)
Please Support us and Follow our other Sites
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This PPT is based upon my training in Yokogawa Chennai.
Reference:
# Yokogawa Hand Book on CS 3000
# http://www.slideshare.net/bvent2005/dcs-presentation
Simulation of Signals with Field Signal SimulatorIOSR Journals
Abstract: In the recent trends the field signal processing is an emerging technology for data acquisition systems, controlling application systems and automation system in real time environment. Versa Modular European (VME) and CRIO based hardware to simulate the field signals for the computer based control and instrumentation panel. Simulator is used to transmit multiple number of signals at a time. FSS software is a generic software to simulate the field signals for a computer based control and instrumentation system. Its general purpose nature easily extends its capabilities to build and perform unit under test(UUT’s) ATP specific test routines. Field signal simulator (FSS)is also an Automatic Testing Equipment (ATE). The main the Scope of this project covers real time computer (RTC) systems used for Signal Processing & Control application and the simulation techniques used to achieve automation by testing these RTC systems. It also includes RTC hardware and the software used for process & control applications. Simulation hardware & software used to test VME system is also included in the scope of this study.
FEATURE and BENEFITS:
Hardware Architecture Providing
High Throughput Performance
and Repeatable Results /
Accuracy
Interface - 10/100/1000, 10GbE,
40GbE Copper or Fiber
Supports UDP, TCP, MPLS,
VLAN, ESP, LPD & Encrypted
Packets
Supports multiple links and
filtering of packets
Validate and Optimize your
Network before Deployment to
avoid Costly Application issues
Easy to use - Command Line
Interface with Scripting Support
or GUI Interface
Bandwidth - 300bps - 40GbE in
1bps increments
Delay - 0 ms to 10 sec. in
1ms increments, settings for
Constant, Uniform and Normal
Other Features - Real time traffic
graph and Network Statistics,
output reports
√ Approvals - UL, CSA, CE, FCC
and RoHS
2U Sturdy Rack Mount
Enclosure, 90-240VAC
In This PPT we are discussed about complete details of that product (Use,Operation, Technical details, Dimensions, Wiring, and etc..)
Please Support us and Follow our other Sites
https://www.instagram.com/controlsandsystems.offical
https://twitter.com/ControlsSystems
https://automationtechplc2.blogspot.com
https://humidificationcontrol.blogspot.com
https://controlsandsystems.business.site
www.controls.systemsdm@gmail.com
If you enjoyed this article, share it with your friends and colleagues
Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) make a valuable contribution to the dynamic monitoring of transient processes in energy supply systems. The advantage over standard RMS values is for one thing that the phasor values of current and voltage are transmitted. Secondly, each measured value includes the exact time stamp and therefore should be assigned within the transmission path in which it originates independent of the time delay. The phasors and analog values are transmitted by the PMU with a configurable repetition rate (reporting rate). Due to the high-precision time synchronization (via GPS), the measured values from different substations that are far removed from each other are compared, and conclusions about the system state and dynamic events, such as power fluctuations, are drawn from the phase angles and dynamic curves. The PMU function transmits its data via an integrated Ethernet module using a standardized protocol IEEE C37.118. The evaluation can be done with a Wide Area Monitoring System e.g, with SIGUARD PDP (Phasor Data Processor).
1.2 Definition
A Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) measures the phasor values of current and voltage, as well as the values of power frequency and rate of change of frequency (ROCOF). This data will be combined with high precision time stamp.
The measured data are transmitted to a central analysis station (Phasor Data Concentrator, PDC) in accordance to the standardized transmission protocol IEEEC 37.118.
A PMU can be a stand-alone physical unit or a functional unit within another physical unit.
Total Vector Error (TVE)
The TVE describes the error between the actual and the measured values of the input signal of the PMU device.
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Antimicrobial stewardship to prevent antimicrobial resistanceGovindRankawat1
India is among the nations with the highest burden of bacterial infections.
India is one of the largest consumers of antibiotics worldwide.
India carries one of the largest burdens of drug‑resistant pathogens worldwide.
Highest burden of multidrug‑resistant tuberculosis,
Alarmingly high resistance among Gram‑negative and Gram‑positive bacteria even to newer antimicrobials such as carbapenems.
NDM‑1 ( New Delhi Metallo Beta lactamase 1, an enzyme which inactivates majority of Beta lactam antibiotics including carbapenems) was reported in 2008
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
DISSERTATION on NEW DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF DRUG DISCOVERYNEHA GUPTA
The process of drug discovery and development is a complex and multi-step endeavor aimed at bringing new pharmaceutical drugs to market. It begins with identifying and validating a biological target, such as a protein, gene, or RNA, that is associated with a disease. This step involves understanding the target's role in the disease and confirming that modulating it can have therapeutic effects. The next stage, hit identification, employs high-throughput screening (HTS) and other methods to find compounds that interact with the target. Computational techniques may also be used to identify potential hits from large compound libraries.
Following hit identification, the hits are optimized to improve their efficacy, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties, resulting in lead compounds. These leads undergo further refinement to enhance their potency, reduce toxicity, and improve drug-like characteristics, creating drug candidates suitable for preclinical testing. In the preclinical development phase, drug candidates are tested in vitro (in cell cultures) and in vivo (in animal models) to evaluate their safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Toxicology studies are conducted to assess potential risks.
Before clinical trials can begin, an Investigational New Drug (IND) application must be submitted to regulatory authorities. This application includes data from preclinical studies and plans for clinical trials. Clinical development involves human trials in three phases: Phase I tests the drug's safety and dosage in a small group of healthy volunteers, Phase II assesses the drug's efficacy and side effects in a larger group of patients with the target disease, and Phase III confirms the drug's efficacy and monitors adverse reactions in a large population, often compared to existing treatments.
After successful clinical trials, a New Drug Application (NDA) is submitted to regulatory authorities for approval, including all data from preclinical and clinical studies, as well as proposed labeling and manufacturing information. Regulatory authorities then review the NDA to ensure the drug is safe, effective, and of high quality, potentially requiring additional studies. Finally, after a drug is approved and marketed, it undergoes post-marketing surveillance, which includes continuous monitoring for long-term safety and effectiveness, pharmacovigilance, and reporting of any adverse effects.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.drhasanrajab
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
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3. Revised Manual Pages
Revised pages for this manual are provided by Roche Diagnostics when necessary. No part of
this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written
permission.
Publication Date Pages Affected
Reference No.
Version 1.0 July 2000 entire document
4. Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
APPENDIX A TECHNICAL INFORMATION
1. OUTPUT FORMAT TO HOST COMPUTER ........................................ A-1
1.1 Hardware........................................................................................ A-1
1.2 Software.......................................................................................... A-2
2. COMMUNICATION SPECIFICATIONS OF ANALYSIS
INFORMATION WITH HOST COMPUTER ............................. A-13
2.1 Outline.......................................................................................... A-13
2.2 Hardware...................................................................................... A-14
2.3 Software........................................................................................ A-15
3. ID BAR CODE SPECIFICATIONS...................................................... A-22
5. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-1
1. OUTPUT FORMAT TO HOST COMPUTER
The bit serial voltage type, which conforms to the RS-232C interface, is used for host computer
output of XE-2100. The serial interface port for the connection with the host computer is on the
rear panel of the IPU.
The specifications conform to Standard for Bit Serial Interface of Japan Clinical Instrument
automation Society.
1.1 Hardware
1. Connector
• Connect to the host computer output connector on the rear panel of the IPU.
• Use a 9-pin, D-SUB female connector.
• Pitch of connector fixing screws adopts the size in inch.
2. Connector Signal
Pin No. Signal Name Signal Direction
1
2 Receive Data (RxD) To XE-2100 from HOST
3 Transmit Data (TxD) From XE-2100 to HOST
4 Data Terminal Ready (DTR) From XE-2100 to HOST
5 Signal Ground (SG)
6 Data Set Ready (DSR) To XE-2100 from HOST
7 Request to Send (RTS) From XE-2100 to HOST
8 Clear to Send (CTS) To XE-2100 from HOST
9
Table A-1: Connector Signal
3. Communication Format
The format is start-stop a synchronization half duplex (asterisk indicates setting at shipment from
factory), and adjustment can be made as follows.
Baud Rate 600, 1200, *2400, 4800, 9600, 14400 (BPS)
Code *7-bit, 8-bit
Stop Bit 1-bit, *2-bit
Parity Bit None, *Even, Odd
Class Class A, *Class B
Interval 0, 1, *2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 (seconds)
Table A-2: Communication Format Setting
6. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
A-2 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
4. Signal Level
Signal level of the RS-232C conforms to EIA RS-232C V.24.
Level Data Signal Control Signal
+3V or Higher Logic "0," Start Bit ON
-3V or Lower Logic "1," Stop Bit OFF
Table A-3: Signal Level
1.2 Software
1. Communication Format
1) Code
ASCII codes are used for all the output to the computer.
2) Text Format
Order of Transmission
S
T
X
E
T
X
Figure A-1: Text Format
"STX" is sent at the beginning, and "ETX" is sent at the end of data.
3) Transmission Procedure
Two classes are prepared and can be selected depending on the system status.
(Class B is selected at the shipment from factory.)
• Class A
One-way data transmission which requires no response from the computer.
• Class B
Two-way communication which requires response (ACK, NAK) from the computer.
7. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-3
Sends data (1 text)
In case of ACK, sends next text.
In case of NAK, resends
(up to 3 times)
Sends ACK (06H) if there is
no error, or NAK (15H) if there
is an error
[Computer][XE-2100]
Figure A-2: Transmission Procedure
4) Transmission Error
If an error is detected, the transmission is interrupted and the error message is displayed on
the IPU. The operator must recover the error. Cases of errors are as follows.
• Control signal "DSR" is OFF.
• After the data transmission, there is no response from the computer in 15 seconds. (Class
B only)
• "NAK" is sent back after transmitting three times. (Class B only)
5) Transmission Timing
Selection between the transmission for every analysis cycle and the batch transmission of
stored data is possible by the IPU settings. The data transmission interval can be set (from
zero second) also.
6) Transmission Interval
The transmission interval of sample data can be set on the IPU. The interval is a time period
after the ACK/NAK response until the next data transmission in the case of class B.
2. Data Format
The output to host computer consists of sample data and QC data, and they differ in length and
content of the text. (They are classified by the sample class codes.)
• Output of analysis results is the text data only, and the text class I is always "D."
• The text distinction II is usually "1." But when the text length is 255 bytes or more, the text
is divided into two or more for transmission, and the text block order is expressed by the
numeral of the text distinction II. (ETB code is not used.)
• Sample distinction code is "U" in the case of sample data, and is "C" in the case of QC data.
• The QC data is output in the QC format. This data can be output by the cursor range
designation in the QC menu of the IPU.
NOTE: • XE-2100 corresponds to two types of host format. As a default, the format A
is installed. If you wish to change the format from A to B, contact your Sysmex
service representative.
8. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
A-4 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
3. Analysis Data Format
1) Output Order
The order of transmission is from the top parameter to the bottom. The data sent is the most
significant digit first. Zero-suppression is not carried out.
2) Decimal Point
Decimal point is not sent. Therefore, it is necessary to add decimal point specified for each
item at the host computer.
3) Date
The order of Year/Month/Day is fixed. Zero-suppression is not carried out.
4) Rack No.
This is the number assigned to a sample rack, and consists of 6-digit number. Zero-
suppression is not carried out.
5) Tube Position
This indicates the analysis position of aimed sample in a sample rack, and consists of
number from 1 to 10. Zero-suppression is not carried out.
6) Sequence No.
This indicates the sequence number of the sample analyzed on the same day, and consists of
10-digit number. Zero-suppression is not carried out.
7) Sample ID Number
This number consists of 15 digits in numeral or alphabet which may include a hyphen "-"
(2HD) between numerals as needed. A hyphen “-” have to be included in 15 digits. Zero
suppression is not carried out.
8) Construction and Flag of Numerical Value
The numerical value is constructed as follows. Zero suppression is not carried out.
For the RESERVED parameters, "0" is output.
Details of Flag
0: Normal
1: Analysis data is greater than the preset Upper
Patient Mark Limit.
2: Analysis data is less than the preset Lower
Mark Limit.
3: Out of linearity limit.
4: Analysis data is less reliable
9) Abnormal Value Data
When the value data is displayed with "----," the data is output in the form of "*0000."
However, in case that analysis for that data is not ordered, it is reported as " " (all spaces).
Least Significant
Digit
Most Significant
Digit
X X X X F
FlagData
9. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-5
10) Instrument Name
This is the information to identify each instrument, and consists of alpha-numeric (capital). It
can be used when more than one XE-2100 is connected to one host computer.
It can be set up in the IPU, and the one for 16-character of the head is outputted. The space is
put at the back when the number of the characters is under 16-character.
11) Analysis Information
This is to display the analysis status of a sample.
0: Normal analysis
1: Abnormal analysis
12) Sample Judgment Information
This is to display the judgment information of aimed sample whether re-analysis is
necessary.
0: Negative
1: Positive only
2: Error only
3: Positive+Error
Q: QC data
13) Order Information
This indicates the analysis order information for each analysis parameter.
"0": Not analyze
"1": Analyze
14) Sample Information (Flag)
PLT SUSPECT
PLT ABNORMAL
RBC SUSPECT
RBC ABNORMAL
WBC SUSPECT
WBC ABNORMAL
The existence of the IP message of WBC, RBC or PLT is indicated.
0: None
1: Existing
15) Sample ID Information
This displays the implication of the sample number.
4: ID bar code reader readable sample number
2: ID bar code reader not readable sample number
0: Other
10. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
A-6 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
16) Analysis Mode
This is to show the one of following.
1: Manual analysis
2: Sampler analysis
3: Closed analysis
4: Capillary analysis
17) Patient ID
This number consists of maximum 16 digits in numeral or alphabet. The space is put at the
back when the number of the characters is under 16-character.
18) Positive (Diff)
When a blood cell differentiation value is abnormal, output “1,” if not, output “0.”
19) Positive (Morph)
When a blood cell morphology is abnormal, output “1,” if not, output “0.”
20) Positive (Count)
When a blood cell count value is abnormal, output “1,” if not, output “0.”
21) Error (Func)
When an analysis error other than the ID bar code read error has been occurred, output “1,”
if not, output “0.”
22) Error (Result)
When an analysis error which one of "cannot absorb blood," "insufficient amount of blood,"
or "sample innate error" has been occurred, output “1,” if not, output “0.”
23) The Unit Information
When the Netherlands SI unit is being used, output “1,” if others, output “0.”
24) WBC Information
When WBC value is corrected by the NRBC value, output “1,” if others, output “0.”
25) PLT Information
When optical PLT is adopted as a PLT value, output “1,” if others, output “0.”
26) Instrument ID
A manufacturer has an instrument ID composed of fixed 22 characters with the information
to distinguish an instrument.
11. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-7
Analysis Data Format 1
Parameter No. of Chars. Example
STX 1 (02H)
Text Distinction Code 1 1 "D"
Text Distinction Code 2 1 "1"
Sample Distinction Code 1 "U"
Instrument Name 16 XX~XX
Sequence No. 10 XX~XX
RESERVED 3 XXX
Sample ID No. 15 XX~XX
Year 4 XXXX
Month 2 XX
Day 2 XX
Hour 2 XX
Minute 2 XX
RESERVED 2 XX
Rack No. 6 XXXXXX
Tube Position 2 XX
Sample ID Information 1 X
Analysis Mode 1 X
Patient ID 16 XX~XX
Analysis Information 1 X
Sample Judgment Information 1 X
Positive (Diff) 1 X
Positive (Morph) 1 X
Positive (Count) 1 X
Error (Func) 1 X
Error (Result) 1 X
Order Information 1 X
Sample Information (INTERPRETATION) 6 XXXXXX
The Unit Information 1 X
WBC Information 1 X
PLT Information 1 X
RESERVED 63 “00~00”
RESERVED (Instrument ID: Fixed) 22 “XE-2100XXX---X”
ETX 1 (03H)
Total 191
Table A-4: Analysis Data Format 1
13. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-9
4. QC Data Format
The QC data format is used to output to XMcontrol file, and X/L-J control files.
The QC numbers indicate the following QC files.
QC Data Format 1
Parameter No. of Chars. Example
STX 1 (02H)
Text Distinction Code 1 1 "D"
Text Distinction Code 2 1 "1"
Sample Distinction Code 1 "C"
Quality Control No. 1 X
Year 2 XX
Month 2 XX
Day 2 XX
Hour 2 XX
Minute 2 XX
Instrument Name 16 XX~XX
RBC (x106
/µL) 4 XX.XX
HGB (g/dL) 4 XXX.X
HCT (%) 4 XXX.X
MCV (fL) 4 XXX.X
MCH (pg) 4 XXX.X
MCHC (g/dL) 4 XXX.X
RDW-CW (%) 4 XXX.X
RDW-SD (fL) 4 XXX.X
PLT (x103
/µL) 4 XXXX
PDW (fL) 4 XXX.X
MPV (fL) 4 XXX.X
P-LCR (%) 4 XXX.X
PCT (%) 4 XXX.X
WBC (x103
/µL) 5 XXX.XX
NEUT% (%) 4 XXX.X
LYMPH% (%) 4 XXX.X
MONO% (%) 4 XXX.X
EO% (%) 4 XXX.X
BASO% (%) 4 XXX.X
(To continue to next page)
Table A-6-1: QC Data Format 1
14. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
A-10 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
(Continued from previous page)
NEUT# (x103
/µL) 5 XXX.XX
LYMPH# (x103
/µL) 5 XXX.XX
MONO# (x103
/µL) 5 XXX.XX
EO# (x103
/µL) 5 XXX.XX
BASO# (x103
/µL) 5 XXX.XX
NRBC% (/100WBC) 5 XX.XX
RET# (x104
/µL) 4 XX.XX
RET% (%%) 4 XX.XX
HFR (%) 4 XX.XX
MFR (%) 4 XX.XX
LFR (%) 4 XX.XX
IRF (%) 4 XX.XX
NRBC# (x103
/µL) 5 XXX.XX
RESERVED 65 “00~00”
Closed/Manual 1 X
RESERVED (Instrument ID) 22 “XE-2100XXX---X”
ETX 1 (03H)
Total 256
* A decimal point is not contained in the output data.
Table A-6-2: QC Data Format 1
QC No. Closed/Manual Corresponding File QC No. Closed/Manual Corresponding File
1 0 No. 1 1 1 No. 21
2 0 No. 2 2 1 No. 22
3 0 No. 3 3 1 No. 23
4 0 No. 4 4 1 No. 24
5 0 No. 5 5 1 No. 25
6 0 No. 6 6 1 No. 26
7 0 No. 7 7 1 No. 27
8 0 No. 8 8 1 No. 28
9 0 No. 9 9 1 No. 29
A 0 No. 10 A 1 No. 30
B 0 No. 11 B 1 No. 31
C 0 No. 12 C 1 No. 32
D 0 No. 13 D 1 No. 33
E 0 No. 14 E 1 No. 34
F 0 No. 15 F 1 No. 35
a 0 No. 16 a 1 No. 36
b 0 No. 17 b 1 No. 37
c 0 No. 18 c 1 No. 38
d 0 No. 19 d 1 No. 39
e 0 No. 20 e 1 No. 40
M 0 XbarM M 1 None
(Note: In the Closed/Manual column, "0" indicates "Manual," and "1" indicates "Closed.")
Table A-7: File Corresponding to QC No.
15. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-11
QC Data Format 2
Parameter No. of Chars. Example
STX 1 (02H)
Text Distinction Code 1 1 "D"
Text Distinction Code 2 1 "2"
Sample Distinction Code 1 "C"
Quality Control No. 1 X
Year 2 XX
Month 2 XX
Day 2 XX
Hour 2 XX
Minute 2 XX
Instrument Name 16 XX~XX
WBC/BASO-X (CH) 4 XX.XX
WBC/BASO-Y (CH) 4 XX.XX
DIFF-X (CH) 4 XX.XX
DIFF-Y (CH) 4 XX.XX
RESERVED 5 "00000"
NRBC-X (CH) 4 XXX.X
NRBC-Y (CH) 4 XXX.X
IMI# 4 XXXX
IMI-DC (x10-1
/fL) 4 XXXX
IMI-RF (x10-1
/fL) 4 XXXX
RBC-O (x106
/µL) 4 XX.XX
PLT-O (x103
/µL) 4 XXXX
RBC-X (CH) 4 XXX.X
RBC-Y (CH) 4 XXX.X
d-RBC (x10-1
/%) 4 XXX.X
d-PLT (x10-1
/%) 4 XXXX
Dw/X (x10-1
/%) 4 XXX.X
Dw/Y (x10-1
/%) 4 XXX.X
RESERVED 128 “00~00”
RESERVED RE(Instrument ID) 22 “XE-2100XXX---X”
ETX 1 (03H)
Total 255
*A decimal point is not contained in the output data.
Table A-8: QC Data Format 2
16. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
A-12 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
QC No. Closed/Manual Corresponding File QC No. Closed/Manual Corresponding File
1 0 No. 1 1 1 No. 21
2 0 No. 2 2 1 No. 22
3 0 No. 3 3 1 No. 23
4 0 No. 4 4 1 No. 24
5 0 No. 5 5 1 No. 25
6 0 No. 6 6 1 No. 26
7 0 No. 7 7 1 No. 27
8 0 No. 8 8 1 No. 28
9 0 No. 9 9 1 No. 29
A 0 No. 10 A 1 No. 30
B 0 No. 11 B 1 No. 31
C 0 No. 12 C 1 No. 32
D 0 No. 13 D 1 No. 33
E 0 No. 14 E 1 No. 34
F 0 No. 15 F 1 No. 35
a 0 No. 16 a 1 No. 36
b 0 No. 17 b 1 No. 37
c 0 No. 18 c 1 No. 38
d 0 No. 19 d 1 No. 39
e 0 No. 20 e 1 No. 40
M 0 XbarM M 1 None
(Note: In the Closed/Manual column, "0" indicates "Manual," and "1" indicates "Closed.")
Table A-9: File Corresponding to QC No.
17. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-13
2. COMMUNICATION SPECIFICATIONS OF ANALYSIS
INFORMATION WITH HOST COMPUTER
2.1 Outline
XE-2100 has a function to load analysis information (analysis order information and patient
information) from the host computer, and perform the analysis automatically according to the
information.
1. Analysis Information Inquiry Method
XE-2100 has the following two inquiry methods.
(1) Real-time inquiry is performed just before an analysis, using the sample ID number, as
a key word, read from the bar code label attached to a sample tube.
(2) Batch inquiry is performed before an analysis by specifying a rack number. The key
words in this case are the rack number and the tube position.
2. Sample Information Inquiry Setting
Key: Sample ID Rack No./Tube Pos.
Real-time Inquiry (Manual Mode): [Sample ID]
Real-time Inquiry (Sampler Mode): [Key]
18. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
A-14 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
2.2 Hardware
The bit serial voltage type, which conforms to the RS-232C interface, is used for host computer
output of XE-2100. The serial interface port for the connection with the host computer is on the
rear panel of the IPU.
1. Connector
• Connect to the host computer output connector on the rear panel of the IPU.
• Use a 9-pin, D-SUB female connector.
• Pitch of connector fixing screws adopts the size in inch.
2. Connector Signal
Pin No. Signal Name Signal Direction
1
2 Receive Data (RxD) To XE-2100 from HOST
3 Transmit Data (TxD) From XE-2100 to HOST
4 Data Terminal Ready (DTR) From XE-2100 to HOST
5 Signal Ground (SG)
6 Data Set Ready (DSR) To XE-2100 from HOST
7 Request to Send (RTS) From XE-2100 to HOST
8 Clear to Send (CTS) To XE-2100 from HOST
9
Table A-10: Connector Signal
3. Communication Format
The format is start-stop a synchronization half duplex (asterisk indicates setting at shipment from
factory), and adjustment can be made as follows.
Baud Rate 600, 1200, *2400, 4800, 9600, 14400 (BPS)
Code *7-bit, 8-bit
Stop Bit 1-bit, *2-bit
Parity Bit None, *Even, Odd
Class Class A, *Class B
Interval 0, 1, *2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 (seconds)
Table A-11: Communication Format Setting
4. Signal Level
Level Data Signal Control Signal
+3V or Higher Logic "0," Start Bit ON
-3V or Lower Logic "1," Stop Bit OFF
Table A-12: Signal Level
19. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-15
2.3 Software
1. Communication Format
1) Code
ASCII codes are used for all the output to the computer.
2) Text Format
"STX" is sent at the beginning, and "ETX" is sent at the end of data.
STX: 02H, ETX: 03H
Order of Transmission
S
T
X
E
T
X
Figure A-3: Text Format
3) Transmission Procedure
The transmission method is class B (fixed). Make sure to set it class B. If the class A is set,
correct communication is not possible. The procedure to make inquiry on analysis
information from XE-2100 to the host computer is as follows:
• Analysis information inquiry text is sent from XE-2100.
• The host computer returns NAK if an error occurs with the data reception, and returns
ACK when there is no error, and then send the analysis information corresponding to the
inquiry.
• In the case of NAK, XE-2100 resends the analysis information inquiry text. In the case of
ACK, after receiving the analysis information text, XE-2100 sends ACK when there is no
error with the received data, or sends NAK if there is an error.
• The host computer closes the communication for one set of analysis information when the
returned response is ACK, or resends the analysis parameter text if the response is NAK.
Sends NAK if there is an error.
or ACK when there is no error.
Sends sample information text for
the inquired samples.
(Resends if NAK.)
(Resends up to 3 times.)
ACK: 06H, NAK: 15H
Sends sample information inquiry text.
(Resends if NAK.)
(Resends up to 3 times.)
Sends NAK if there is an error.
or ACK when there is no error.
[XE-2100] [Computer]
Figure A-4: Transmission Procedure
20. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
A-16 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
4) Transmission Error
If a transmission error is detected, the transmission is interrupted and the error message is
displayed on the IPU. The operator must recover the error. Cases of errors are as follows.
• Control signal "DSR" is OFF.
• After the data transmission, there is no response from the computer within 15 seconds.
• "NAK" is sent back after transmitting three times.
5) Inquiry Timing
• Real-time inquiry by sample ID number
At the time when a sample ID number is read from the bar code attached to the tube, the
inquiry is performed. If XE-2100 already has the analysis information, the inquiry is not
performed. After sending out the analysis information inquiry text, wait while receiving
ACK and receiving the analysis information text, then blood is absorbed after that.
• Batch inquiry by rack number and tube position
At the time when a rack number is specified by the IPU program of XE-2100, the inquiry is
made for the tube positions from 1 through 10 for the specified rack. There is not time limit
to receive the analysis information text after sending the analysis information inquiry text.
6) Transmission Interval
The transmission interval from receiving analysis information text from the host computer
and sending out ACK until the next sending of analysis information inquiry text, can be set
by the IPU program of XE-2100. This transmission interval is common with that of analysis
data.
7) Note on Analysis Data Automatic Output
When the analysis data is set to be output automatically by XE-2100, the communication of
analysis information and the output of analysis data may be performed alternately. In this
case when two different types of information are handled simultaneously, the response of the
host computer may become slower. Therefore, set the instrument to make the batch output,
not the automatic output to avoid slow response of the host computer.
2. Text Format
There are text formats for "Analysis information inquiry" and "Analysis information" regarding
the communication of analysis information between XE-2100 and the host computer. And these
are identified by Text Distinction Code I.
• The Text Distinction Code I of the "Analysis information inquiry" sent from XE-2100 to the
host computer is always "R."
• The Text Distinction Code I of the "Analysis information" sent from the host computer to XE-
2100 is always "S."
21. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-17
3. Analysis Information Inquiry Format
Parameter No. of Chars.
STX 1 (02H)
Text Distinction Code I 1 "R"
Inquiry Mode 1 (X)
RESERVED 3 (XXX)
Inquiry Sample ID No. 15 (XX~XX)
RESERVED 2 (XX)
Rack No. 6 (XXXXXX)
Tube Position 2 (XX)
RESERVED 31 (XX~XX)
ETX 1 (03H)
Total 63
Table A-13: Analysis Information Inquiry Format
1) Output Order
The upper items are sent first, and upper digits of data are sent first. Zero-suppression is not
carried out.
2) Inquiry Mode
The mode of inquiry is indicated.
"1": Real-time inquiry by sample ID number as the key word.
"2": Batch inquiry by rack No. and tube position as the key words.
3) Inquiry Sample ID Number
This parameter becomes effective with the real-time inquiry by sample ID number as the key
word. It consists of 15-digit number, but may include hyphen "-" (2DH) between numerals
depending on the usage.
The hyphen "-" is included in 15 digits.
4) Rack No.
This parameter becomes effective with the batch inquiry by rack No. and tube position as the
key words. This is the number assigned to a sample rack. It contains of 6-digit number.
5) Tube Position
This parameter becomes effective with the batch inquiry by rack No. and tube position as the
key words. It consists of number from 1 to 10 for an analysis position on a sample rack.
22. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
A-18 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- November 1999 N.A.
4. Analysis Information Format 1
Parameter No. of Chars.
STX 1 (02H)
Text Distinction Code 1 1 "S"
Text Distinction Code 2 1 “1”
Information Status 1 (X)
Date Ordered 8 (XXXXXXXX)
RESERVED 3 (XX~XX)
Sample ID No. 15 (XX~XX)
RESERVED 2 (XX)
Rack No. 6 (XXXX)
Tube Position 2 (XX)
Inquiry Mode 1 (X)
Patient ID No. 16 (XX~XX)
Patient Name 40 (XX~XX)
Sex 1 (X)
Birthday 8 (XXXXXXXX)
Doctor 20 (XX~XX)
Ward 20 (XX~XX)
Sample Comments 40 (XX~XX)
RESERVED 18 (XX~XX)
WBC 1 (X)
RBC 1 (X)
HGB 1 (X)
HCT 1 (X)
MCV 1 (X)
MCH 1 (X)
MCHC 1 (X)
PLT 1 (X)
LYMPH% 1 (X)
MONO% 1 (X)
NEUT% 1 (X)
EO% 1 (X)
BASO% 1 (X)
LYMPH# 1 (X)
MONO# 1 (X)
NEUT# 1 (X)
EO# 1 (X)
BASO# 1 (X)
RDW-CV 1 (X)
RDW-SD 1 (X)
RESERVED 1 "0"
MPV 1 (X)
RESERVED 1 "0"
(To continue to next page)
Table A-14-1: Analysis Information Format 1
23. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- November 1999 N.A. A-19
(Continued from previous page)
RESERVED 2 "00"
RET% 1 (X)
RET# 1 (X)
IRF 1 (X)
RESERVED 1 "0"
RESERVED 1 "0"
RESERVED 1 "0"
RESERVED 1 “0”
RESERVED 1 "0"
NRBC% 1 (X)
NRBC# 1 (X)
RESERVED 15 (XX~XX)
EXT 1 (03H)
Total 255
Table A-14-2: Analysis Information Format 1
5. Analysis Information Format 2
Parameter No. of Chars.
STX 1 (02H)
Text Distinction Code 1 1 "S"
Text Distinction Code 2 1 “2”
Information Status 1 (X)
Date Ordered 8 (XXXXXXXX)
RESERVED 3 (XX~XX)
Sample ID No. 15 (XX~XX)
RESERVED 2 (XX)
Rack No. 6 (XXXX)
Tube Position 2 (XX)
Inquiry Mode 1 (X)
Patient ID No. 16 (XX~XX)
Patient Comments 100 (XX~XX)
RESERVED 97 (XX~XX)
EXT 1 (03H)
Total 255
Table A-15: Analysis Information Format 2
1) Output Order
The upper items are sent first, and upper digits of data are sent first. Zero-suppression is not
carried out.
24. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
A-20 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
2) Information Status
This parameter indicates if the inquired analysis information is registered. If the required
sample is not registered, make sure to return "0" (Not registered) in the analysis information
text.
"0": Not registered
"1": Registered
"2": Quality control
3) Date Ordered
This parameter indicates the requested date of analysis of the inquired sample.
"YYYYMMDD"
YYYY: Year, MM: Month, DD: Day
4) Sample ID Number
In the case of real-time inquiry by sample ID number as the key word, this number becomes
the same with that in the inquiry text. In the case of batch inquiry by rack No. and tube
position as the key words, the sample ID number corresponding to the specified rack No. and
tube position will be assigned.
It consists of 15-digit number or alphabet, but may include hyphen "-" (2DH) between
numerals depending on the usage. The hyphen "-" is included in 15 digits.
5) Rack No.
In the case of batch inquiry by rack No. and tube position as the key words, this number
becomes the same with that in the inquiry text. In the case of real-time inquiry by sample ID
number as the key word, no particular setting is used.
This number is assigned to a sample rack, and consists of 6 digit number.
6) Tube Position
In the case of batch inquiry by rack No. and tube position as the key words, this number
becomes the same with that in the inquiry text. In the case of real-time inquiry by sample ID
number as the key word, no particular setting is used.
This is the analysis position of the inquired sample in the sample rack, and consists of
number from 1 to 10.
7) Inquiry Mode
The mode of inquiry is indicated.
"1": Real-time inquiry by sample ID number as the key word.
"2": Batch inquiry by rack No. and tube position as the key words.
8) Patient ID No.
This parameter is the patient ID for the inquired sample, and is unique to a patient.
It consists of 16-digit number or alphabet, but may include hyphen "-" (2DH) between
numerals depending on the usage. The hyphen "-" is included in 16 digits.
9) Patient Name
This is the patient name for the inquired sample. Last name and first name (20 characters
max. for each) can be entered in alphabet characters.
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Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-21
10) Sex
This is the sex of the patient.
"1": Male
"2": Female
11) Birthday
This is the birthday of the patient.
"YYYYMMDD"
YYYY: Year, MM: Month, DD: Day
12) Doctor
This is the name of the doctor in charge, and consists of up to 20 alphabets.
13) Ward
This is the ward (medical section) in which the patient is staying, and consists of up to 20
alphabets.
14) Sample Comments
This is the comments for the inquired sample, and consists of up to 40 alphabets.
15) Patient Comments
This is the comments of the patient for the inquired sample, and consists of up to 100
alphabets.
16) Order Information
This indicates the analysis order information for each analysis parameter.
"0": Not analyze
"1": Analyze
26. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
A-22 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
3. ID BAR CODE SPECIFICATIONS
By affixing the bar code label on the sample tube, a sample ID number can be automatically
read. Information read from ID number can be also corrected by processing stored data. In using
a bar code, make sure it meets the bar code label specifications applicable to XE-2100 ID bar
code reader.
The specifications of the bar code label is described in this section.
1. Acceptable Bar Codes
The types of bar codes acceptable to the instrument and the check digit(s) are listed below.
1) Sample ID number
Type of Bar Code Check Digit No. of Digits
ITF Not Used Max. 15 digits (Sample ID No.)
Modulus 10 Max. 15 digits (Sample ID No.)+ 1 digit (Check digit) = 16 digits Max
NW-7(*) Not Used Max. 15 digits (Sample ID No.)
Modulus 11
W. Modulus 11 Max.15 digits (Sample ID No.)+ 1 digit (Check digit) = 16 digits Max
Modulus 16
CODE 39 Not Used Max. 15 digits (Sample ID No.)
Modulus 43 Max.15 digits (Sample ID No.)+ 1 digit (Check digit) = 16 digits Max
JAN-13 Modulus 10 12 digits (Sample ID No.) + 1 digit (Check digit) = 13 digits
JAN-8 Modulus 10 7 digits (Sample ID No.) + 1 digit (Check digit) = 8 digits
CODE 128 Modulus 103 Max.15 digits (Sample ID No.)+ 1 digit (Check digit) = 16 digits Max
Table A-16: Sample ID No. Bar Code
NOTE: • Do not use the bar code of Rack ID No. as that of Sample ID No.
• For CODE 128, do not use the function characters.
• *: As the Start/Stop code for NW-7, use one of the characters "A," "B," "C,"
"a," "b," or "c."
2) Rack ID No.
Type of Bar Code Check Digit No. of Digits
NW-7 Modulus 16 6 digits (Rack No.) + 1 digit (Check Digit) = 7 digits
CODE 39 Modulus 43 6 digits (Rack No.) + 1 digit (Check Digit) = 7 digits
Table A-17: Rack ID No. Bar Code
NOTE: • As the Start/Stop code, use either "D" or "d."
27. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-23
3) Quality Control
Type of Bar Code Check Digit No. of Digits
CODE 128 (*1) Modulus 103 3 digits (Fixed character string "QC-") + 8 digits (Lot No.)
+ 1 digit (Check Digit) = 12 digits
NW-7 (*2) Not Used 4 digits - 13 digits (File No.) (*3)
Table A-18: Quality Control Bar Code
NOTE: • *1: The bar code of CODE 128 for quality control is a special code used for
the control blood of Sysmex.
• *2: As the Start/Stop code for NW-7, use either "C" or "c."
• *3: The numerals that can be used are 1 to 9 and all the digits must be
identical.
2. Dimension of Bar Code Elements
Narrow Element 190 µ m
Wide Element 1.2 mm
Narrow Element Gap between characters Wide Element
3. Narrow/Wide Ratio
For each character, the wide element to narrow element ratio must comply with the following:
Narrow (MAX) : Wide (MIN) = 1 : 2.2 or more
Narrow (MIN) : Narrow (MAX) = 1 : 1.3 or less
Wide (MIN) : Wide (MAX) = 1 : 1.4 or less
4. PCS (Print Contrast Signal)
Reflectivity at the space
Reflectivity at the space - Reflectivity at the black inked bar
PCS =
The measuring method conforms to JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) X 0501, "5.3 Optical
Characteristic of Bar Code Symbols."
Standard: PCS value ≥ 0.45
5. Reflection Characteristics of the Label Surface
It is possible that a laminated label cannot be read.
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A-24 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
6. Irregularity and Roughness of Printing
When a bar element is magnified, the following may be observed.
MAX
MIN
Bar element
Figure A-5: Roughness of Printing
When the variation coefficient (S) in the width of a bar is defined:
MAX
MAX - MIN
S = X 100%
Then the variation coefficient (S) must be less than or equal to 20%.
7. Dimensions of Bar Code Label
Bar Code of
Effective LengthSpace Space
Bar Height
Figure A-6: Dimensions of Bar Code Label
Space: 2.5 mm or more (Normally, at least 5 mm or both right and left.)
Bar Code Effective Length: 48 mm or less (Optimum: 40 mm or less)
Bar Height: 20 mm or more (Rack label height: 6 mm or more)
29. TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999 A-25
8. Check Digit
To improve the reliability of an ID No. read, check digit(s) can be added.
Taking the Sample ID No. of "258416" as an example, let us explain how to calculate the check
digit for modulus 11 and weighted modulus 11.
1) Modulus 11
(1) Each digit is weighted. The weight corresponding to each digit is as follow.
Digit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Weight 6 5 4 3 2 1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
(2) Add up the multiplied results as given below:
S = 14 + 30 + 40 + 16 + 3 + 12 = 115
(3) When the S is divided by 11, calculate the remainder and obtain the complement of the
remainder. This complement will be the check digit.
115/11= 10 with remainder 5
11 - 5 = 6, thus the check digit is 6.
However, all English symbols except the numerals of 0 - 9 are regarded as 0 in making
calculation. Also, when S is divisible by 11 with remainder 0 and when calculation of
the check digit results in 10, zero is entered as the check digit.
2) Weighted Modulus 11
Weighted modulus 11 has two sets of weight. When the check digit is computed to 10 as a
result of applying the first weight set, the second weight set is applied. The result should
always be one of the 0 to 9 values. Calculation method is entirely the same as modulus 11
except for difference in weighting.
(1) Weighing Each Digit
Weight: W12 W11 W10 W9 W8 W7 W6 W5 W4 W3 W2 W1
First Set: 6 3 5 9 10 7 8 4 5 3 6 2
Second Set: 5 8 6 2 10 4 3 7 6 8 5 9
2 5 8 4 1 6
X X X X X X
8 4 5 3 6 2
Weight 16 20 40 12 6 12
(2) Add up the multiplied results as given below:
S = 16 + 20 + 40 + 12 + 6 + 12 = 106
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A-26 Sysmex XE-2100 IPU Operator’s Manual -- Revised November 1999
(3) When the S is divided by 11, calculate the remainder and obtain the complement of the
remainder. This complement will be the check digit.
106/11= 9 with remainder 7
11 - 7 = 4, thus the check digit is 4.
However, all English symbols except the numerals of 0 - 9 are regarded as 0 in making
calculation. Also, when S is divisible by 11 with remainder 0 and when calculation of
the check digit results in 0, zero is entered as the check digit.
NOTE: • For Weighted Modulus 11, weight for the 13th, 14th and 15th digits are
assumed 0.