This document discusses horizontal jaw relation and methods for recording centric relation. There are two types of horizontal jaw relation: centric and eccentric. Centric relation is the maximum intercuspal position with equal condylar joint space bilaterally. Methods for recording centric relation include physiological (tactile check bite), functional (needle point tracing), graphic (arrow point tracing), and radiographic. The graphic method uses a central bearing device to trace mandibular movements and aims to produce an arrow-shaped tracing. Eccentric relations include protrusive and lateral jaw positions which are recorded to reproduce mandibular movements in the articulator.
this presentation has all the techniques in impression making in the fabrication of an RPD.
The presentation is available on request. Mail me at apurvathampi@gmail.com
this presentation has all the techniques in impression making in the fabrication of an RPD.
The presentation is available on request. Mail me at apurvathampi@gmail.com
This seminar talks about the dental surveyor and it applications in relation to Removable Partial Dentures and it also talk about the principles of RPD design, difficulties and management of free end saddle. finally the altered cast impression technique or also called Applegate's technique.
This seminar talks about the dental surveyor and it applications in relation to Removable Partial Dentures and it also talk about the principles of RPD design, difficulties and management of free end saddle. finally the altered cast impression technique or also called Applegate's technique.
Following the orientation of maxilla and determination of vertical
dimension, the final relation to be recorded is the horizontal relation.
This is the anteroposterior relation of the mandible to the maxilla in
the horizontal plane.
The horizontal relations can be classified as:
• Centric relation
• Eccentric relations – protrusive and lateral.
The maxillomandibular relationship in which the condyles articulate with the thinnest avascular portion of their respective discs with the complex in the anterior–superior position against the slopes of the articular eminencies. This position is independent of tooth contact. This position is clinically discernible when the mandible is directed superiorly and anteriorly. It is restricted to a purely rotary movement about the transverse horizontal axis
Mean Value Articulator Classification
Classification According to Adjustability of Articulators:
Nonadjustable Articulators:
Semiadjustable Articulators:
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
2. HORIZONTAL JAW RELATION
Horizontal jaw relation is the
maxillomandibular relation in a horizontal
plane.
Described as relationship of mandible to
maxilla in the anteroposterior direction.
2 TYPES:
1) CENTRIC jaw relation
2) ECCENTRIC jaw relation
4. • 3 primary requirements:
1. To record the correct horizontal
relationship of mandible to maxilla
2. To exert equalized vertical pressure
3. To retain record in undistorted condition
until the cast have been accurately
mounted on articulator
5. METHODS TO RECORD CENTRIC RELATION:
PHYSIOLOGICAL
• tactile or inter occlusal check record method
• Pressureless method
• Pressure method
FUNCTIONAL
• Needle house method
• Patterson method
GRAPHIC
• Intra oral
• Extra oral
RADIOGRAPHIC METHOD
6. Physiologic method
• Based on:
o Proprioceptive impulse of patient
o Kinesthetic sense or muscle sense helps to direct
movements of parts of the body of the body
o Visual acuity and sense of touch of patient
1) Tactile sense or inter occlusal check record
method.
Tentative jaw relation is recorded.
Ask the patient to retrude the mandible.
Casts are articulated based on this tentative record
7. INDICATIONS
Abnormally related jaws.
Displaceable flabby tissue.
Large tongue
Uncontrolled mandibular movements.
In patients already using a complete
denture
8. • Material used
1. Waxes: low fusing
2. Impression compound
3. Dental plaster
4. ZOE paste
9. PROCEDURE:
a) Recording tentative jaw relation:
• Maxillary occlusal rim inserted to patients
mouth.
• Vertical dimension at rest is
established.mandibular occlusal rim
inserted and reduced accordingly,
• Tentative centric relation recorded using
tentative jaw relations.artificial teeth are
arranged.
10. b) Making the inter occlusal check record.
• Upper and lower trial dentures are inserted
into the mouth.keep a piece of cotton to
prevent contact of opposing members.
• Aluwax is added on the occlusal surface of
teeth of mandibular occlusal rim
• Patient asked to retrude mandible and close
on the wax till tooth contact occurs.
• Trial dentures removed and allowed to cool.
14. 2)Static or pressureless method.
Nick notch method:
• Patient asked to retrude mandible in position.
• Upto 3mm of wax removed from mandibular
occlusal rimfrom the premolar region till the distal
end
• 1 or 2 notches are cut on the corresponding area
of maxillary occlusal rim.
• One nick is cut anterior to the notch,a V shaped
valley
• Nick:prevent lateral movement
• Notch: anteroposterior movement
15. • Nick and notch are lubricated with petroleum.
• Prepared occlusal rim are inserted into
patient’s mouth and taught to close his
mandible in maximum retruded position.
• Aluwax is placed on the trough created in
mandibular rim.
• Mandibular occlusal rim is cooled and
inserted into patients mouth and closed in
centric relation.
16.
17.
18. 3)Pressure method
• Establish vertical dimension.
• Upper occlusal rim inserted.lower occlusal
rim is fabricated by softening in water
bath.
• Insert it into patients mouth.
• Patient asked to close mouth in centric
relation on soft wax in predetermined
vertical dimension and then articulated.
19.
20. Functional method
• Method utilise the the functional movements of jaws to record the
centric relation.
• Patient asked to perfprm border border movements such as
protrusive and lateral excersion movement.
a) Needle house method
• Fabrication of occlusal rim made from impression compound
• Four metal beads or styli are embedded into premolar and molar
areas of maxillary occlusal rim.
• Occlusal rim inserted into patients mouth and asked to close
occlusal rim and make protrussive,retrussive ,right and left
movement of mandible.
• When movements are made “diamond shaped marking pattern
rather than a line is formed on the mandibular occlusal rim.
21. • Patient produces mandibular movements
by moving mandible to protrusion ,
retrusion, right and left lateral
22.
23. Graphic method
• The graphic method record a tracing of
mandibular movements in one plane
• 2 types:
1) Arrow point tracing
2) Pantograph
Arrow point tracing is a graphic record
measured across single plane
Pantogaph is measured three dimensionally.
24.
25. Factors to be considered while
carrying out tracing
1. Stability of denture base
2. Resistance of rims
3. Difficulty in placing central bearing device
4. Height of residual alveolar ridge
5. Tongue interferance
6. Efficiency of recording device
7. Lack of coordinated movements
26. Arrow point tracing or gothic arch
tracer
• Made using gothic arch tracers
• Recorded in horizontal plane.
• Consists of central bearing device:a device that provide
central point of bearing or support between the
maxillary & mandibular dental arches.
consists of contacting point attached to one dental arch
and plate attached to opposing dental arch
Plate provide surface on which the tracing of
mandibular movements is recorded.
Consists of:CENTRAL BEARING POINT & CENTRAL
BEARING PLATE.
27. Types of arrow point tracings
• Typical
• Flat
• Asymmetric
33. • TYPES OF ARROW POINT TRACERS:
1) INTRA ORAL TRACING POINT:
• Central bearing device is located intra orally.
• Tracer is placed within the mouth.
• Central bearing point & plate is inserted into patients
mouth.
• Central bearing point is adjusted such that it contact
the central bearing plate at predetermined vertical
dimension.
• Ask to make anteroposterior and lateral movements.
• Central bearing point will draw the tracing pattern on
central bearing plate
• Tracing should resemble an arrow point with a sharp
apex.
34.
35. Points to be considered while doing
graphic tracing method
1. Displacement of record base may result
from pressure if central bearing points is off
center when mandible moves in eccentric
relation to maxilla
2. If central bearing device is not used the
occlusal rims offer more resistance to
horizontal movements
3. Difficult to stabilize record base against
horizontal forces on tissue that are
pendulous
36. 4. Difficult to stabilize record base against
horizontal forces on residual ridges that
have no vertical height
5. Difficult to stabilize record base with pt
who have awkward tongues
6. Recording device are not usually
considered compactible with physiologic
stimulation in mandibular movements
7. Tracing is not accepted unless a pointed
apex is developed
37. 8. Double tracing-lack of coordinated
movement
9. It is made at predetermined vertical
dimension of occlusion.this harmonius
centric relation with centric occlusion and
anteroposterior bone –bone relation with
tooth-tooth contact
10.Graphic method can reecord eccentric
relation of mandible to maxilla
11.Most accurate means
38.
39. ECCENTRIC JAW RELATION
• “any relationship of mandible to maxilla other
than centric relation”
• Include protrusive and lateral relations.
• Help to adjust the lateral and horizontal
condylar inclination in the articulator.
• Thus helps the articulator to reproduce
eccentric movements of mandible and
establish balanced occlusion.
• Recorded using functional or tactile method.
40. Lateral jaw relations
• Common methods:
• Graphic method
• With check bites of wax
• With positional records of stone/plaster
• Pantography
• Hanau’s formula:
• L = H/8 + 12
L=lateral condylar inclination
• H=Horizontal condylar inclination