This document provides a study guide for a geography exam on the natural environment. It includes definitions of key terms related to plate tectonics, relief, climate, rivers, and landscapes. Students are instructed to complete diagrams, maps, and tables summarizing these topics. For example, they must label a diagram of Earth's structure, identify types of relief on a map, and compare characteristics of European and Spanish rivers in a table. The document also includes exercises analyzing how the natural environment impacts society and instructions for building climograph diagrams to identify different climate types.

1. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
UNIT 1. THE PLACE WE LIVE IN.
KEYS FOR THE EXAM (you have to know…):
- Define:
• Plate tectonics (Placa Tectónica):
• Relief (Relieve):
• Depressions or basins (Depresión
o cuenca):
• Ocean Currents (corriente
marina):
• Aquifers (Acuífero):
• Flow (Caudal):
• Fluvial regime (Régimen fluvial):
• Low Water (Estiaje):
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• Atmosphere:
• Temperature:
• Rainfalls (Precipitaciones):
• Wind:
• Pressure:
• Isobars (isobaras):
• Weather front (Frente
atmosférico):
• Climograma:
- Explain the differences between (or just define):
• Alpine Mountain and old Mountain (macizo antiguo):
• Plain (llanura) and Plateau (Meseta):
• Weather and climate:
• Antyciclones and Storm (Borrasca):
- Resume in a diagram how the natural environment affects society.
- Point in a picture the structure of Earth: Cortex (Corteza), Mantex
(Manto) and core (Núcleo).
- Explain, with his words, the theory of plate tectonics.
- Point in a picture the kinds of relief (Mountains…).
- Point in a map the oceans and continents.
- Value how the relief affects society.
- Resume, in a draw, the problems about water.
- Resume in a table the characteristics of European and Spanish rivers.
- Point in a map European, Spanish and global reliefs and rivers.
- Resume in a diagram the agents that affect temperatures.
- Point, in an isobars map, the anticyclones and storms.
- Know the weather looking at an isobars map.
- Resume and compare in a table the most important climates.
- Define, explain and compare the landscapes in each climate.
- Know the kind of landscape in an image.
- Built a climograma and know which kind of climate is.

2. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
ACTIVITIES: HOW THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AFFECTS
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SOCIETY?
1. Fill in your notebook the diagram below:
2. Paste in your notebook the map below and fill it with the name of
the continents and oceans.

3. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
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ACTIVITIES: THE RELIEF.
1. Define in your notebook and with your own words:
a) Relief:
b) Plate Tectonic:
2. Write the name of each plate tectonic in the map below:
[Search it in an atlas, internet, textbook…]
3. Fill in your notebook the diagram below and point in the picture each
kind of relief.

4. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
ACTIVITIES: THE RELIEFS IN THE WORLD.
1. Answer the next questions. [First, read the resume]
a) How has the relief come up in the Earth? Can the relief change yet?
b) What kind of relief helps the life of the people? Why?
c) Can poor countries paid the facilities that need in order to save the
barriers relief? What will be the consequences?
2. Paste in your notebook (or draw) the mas below, fill them and point
the reliefs of the table.
European
Map
Montes Escandinavos
Montes Urales
Gran Llanura Europea
Alpes
Cárpatos
Balcanes
Cáucaso
Monte Elbrus
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Spanish
Map
Duero Valley
South Plateau
Sistema Central
Macizo Galaico
Cordillera Cantábrica
Sistema Ibérico
Sierra Morena
Pirineos
Cordillera Costero Catalana
Cordillera Penibética
Cordillera subbética
Valle del Ebro
Valle del Guadalquivir
World
Map
Montañas Rocosas
Cordillera de los Andes
Cuenca del Missisipi
Montes Apalaches
Cuenca del Amazonas
Meseta de Siberia
Cordillera del Himalaya
Monte Everest
Cordillera del Atlas
Sahara
Kalahari
Kilimanjaro

5. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
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6. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
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ACTIVITIES: THE WATER.
[We will do it in class, as extension activities]
1. Read the page 3 of the resume and built a diagram titled: Why is
water a problem?
[The graphic below can help you]
2. Remind the water cycle and try to complete the different stages in
the box.

7. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
ACTIVITIES: THE RIVERS OF THE WORLD.
1. Define:
a) Ocean Currents:
b) Aquifers:
c) Flow (Caudal):
d) Fluvial regime (Régimen fluvial):
e) Low Water (Estiaje):
2. Complete the table below in your notebook.
Are they Short
or long? Why?
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Are they
mighty? Why?
Are they
regular?
Why?
The most
important are…
Rivers of
Atlantic Ocean
Rivers of
Mediterranean
Sea
Rivers of
Cantabrian Sea
Rivers of Black
and Caspian
Seas
3. Paste in your Notebook (or Draw) the maps below and complete them
with rivers, seas and lakes of the table up and colour them
according to the map legend. [Help yourself with textbook]

8. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
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9. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
ACTIVITIES: WEATHER AND CLIMATE
1. Explain the differences between:
a) Weather and Climate:
b) Anticyclone and Storm:
2. Define:
a) Atmosphere:
b) Temperature:
c) Weather Front:
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d) Pressure:
e) Isobars:
f) Wind:
3. Complete, in your notebook, the diagram below [Read before the page 4
of resume]
4. Look at the Isobars map and answer in your notebook:
a) What number is Anticyclone of the Azores, Iceland Depression and
Polar front?
b) Will it be sunny, cloudy or rainy? ¿Will it be windy? Why?

10. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
WORKS ABOUT HOT CLIMATES AND LANDSCAPES
1. Paste in your notebook (or draw) the map below and complete it
according to the map legend. [Help yourself with the textbook]
2. Answer the questions about the climograma: [Help yourself with textbook]
a) What is a climograma?
b) Do these climogramas belong to North or South Hemisphere?
3. Complete, in your notebook, the table below: [Page 5 of the resume]
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Hot Climates
Kind of climate Where is it? Temperatures Rains Landscapes
Equatorial Climate
Tropical Climate
Desert climate

11. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
WORKS ABOUT WARM CLIMATES AND LANDSCAPES.
1. Complete the climogramas in your notebook and answer the
questions. [Is better you draw the graphic]
a) What is a climograma?
b) Do these climogramas belong to North or South Hemisphere?
c) At what kind of climate belongs each of them?
2. Complete, in your notebook, the table below: [Page 5 of the resume]
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Warm Climates
Kind of climate Where is it? Temperatures Rains Landscapes
Oceanic
Climate
Mediterranean
Climate
Continental
climate
3. Paste in your notebook (or draw) the map below and complete it
according to the map legend. [Help yourself with the textbook]

12. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
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13. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
WORKS ABOUT COLD CLIMATES AND LANDSCAPES.
1. Answer the questions about the climogramas.
[One of them is built yet, the other have to be built for you]
a) What is a climograma?
b) Do these climogramas belong to North or South Hemisphere?
c) At what kind of climate belongs each of them?
2. Complete, in your notebook, the table below: [Page 5 of the resume]
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Cold Climates
Kind of climate Where is it? Temperatures Rains Landscapes
Polar Climate
Mountain Climate
3. Paste in your notebook (or draw) the map below and complete it
according to the map legend. [Help yourself with the textbook]

14. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
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REVIEW ACTIVITIES.
1. Paste in your notebook (or draw) the map below.
a) Complete it according to the map legend.
b) Write in each circle the numbers that fit.
2. Build, in your Notebook, the next climogramas.

15. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
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EXTENSION ACTIVITIES.
1. Paste in your notebook (or draw) the map below and write in each
circle the number of the sea that fit.
2. Paste in your notebook (or draw) the map below and write in each
circle the number of the lake that fit.
3. Build, in your Notebook, the climogramas of the exercise 4th in the
page 35 of the textbook.

16. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
4. Build, in your Notebook, the next climogramas.
5. What kind of landscape is each picture? Why?
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