This document provides study materials for a geography exam, including: 1. Key terms to define such as asteroid, star, galaxy, and solar system components. 2. Activities on the solar system - defining terms and labeling a diagram. 3. Exercises on map reading, including labeling maps, calculating distances using scales, and determining time zones. 4. Practice questions on geographic coordinates, mapping cities, and comparing planetary movements.

1. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
UNIT 1. THE EARTH AND ITS DRAW: THE
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MAPS.
KEYS FOR THE EXAM (you have to know…):
- Define:
• Asteroid
• Star
• Galaxy
• Milky Way (Vía Láctea)
• Universe
• Año luz
• Geoid (Geoide)
• Time Zone (Huso Horario)
• Contour (Curva de nivel)
• Scales
• Prime Meridian (Meridiano
de Greenwich)
- Define and draw/recognize Orbit
- Define and Draw Solar System
- Compare between:
• Planet and/or satellite
• Topographic and/or
Thematic map
• Parallel and/or Meridian
• Rotation and/or Translation
• Ecuador and/or Tropic
• Ecuador and/or Prime
Meridian
• Latitude and/or longitude
• Equinox and Solstice
- Put the Planets of the solar system in their place.
- Put in a map:
• Tropic of cancer and Capricorn, Ecuador and Prime meridian, Arctic
Circle and Antarctic polar circle
• A place using its geographical coordinates
- Understand, at a basic level, a topographic map
- Recognize:
• If a map is a topographic or thematic map
• If a scale in a map as graphic or numeric scale
- Explain using his own words:
• The consequences of the rotation movement.
• The consequences of the translation movement.
• The working of solstice and equinox
- Calculate time zones
- Calculate scales

2. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
ACTIVITIES: THE SOLAR SYSTEM
1. Define, in your notebook: [Search on Internet, textbook…]
a) Orbit:
b) Ellipse:
c) Satellite:
d) Asteroid:
e) Star:
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f) Milky Way (Vía Láctea)
g) Geoid (Geoide)
h) Hemisphere:
i) Galaxy
j) Universe
2. Copy and complete in your notebook the table below:
[The information is in the resume]
What are they? How are They?
Inner Planets
(Planetas
interiores)
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
Outer Planets
(Planetas
Exteriores)
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
3. Observe the Picture Below: (You can put this drawing on your notebook)
a) Write Universe, Milky Way and Solar System next to its picture.
b) Write “Sun” on this Star. It is in the middle of the Solar System.
c) Write the name of each planet in a box and match with a line each
box with their planet.

3. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
ACTIVITIES: ROTATION MOVEMENT
1. Cut the map below and paste it on your notebook.
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4. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
2. Complete the map:
a) Colour each time zone with a different colour.
b) Write Prime Meridian on its place of the map.
c) Put a red line in the date change line. In the map, it is the dotted
line.
d) Fill hours each Time Zone difference regarding the Prime Meridian.
Just follow the series started in the hours to be added (+1, +2…) and
Hours being subtracted (-1, -2…) as is in the book.
3. Practice the Time Zones (Do it in your notebook):
a) Look for Madrid and Argel (North Africa) Are they the same time?
Why?
b) Look for Paris (France) and Casablanca (North Africa) in the map.
What Time difference there? If Casablanca is 3 pm, What Time is it
in Paris?
c) What time difference there between Tokyo (Asia) and El Cairo
(North Africa)? If El Cairo is 10 am, what time is it in Tokyo?
d) What time difference there between Sao Paulo (South America) and
New York (North America)? If New York is 4 pm, what time is it in
Sao Paulo?
e) What time difference there between Seville and San Francisco
(North America)? If San Francisco is 6 pm, what time is it in Seville?
4. Calculate the time it takes to get from Earth to the Sun if you are
travelled 1000 kilometres per hour. The Earth is located about 150
millions of kilometres from the Sun. Calculate in hours at first and
then calculates in days.
(His exercise is just for rising up your grade. Do it only if you can)
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5. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
ACTIVITIES: TRANSLATION MOVEMENT
1. Observe the picture about the movements of the Earth around the
Sun and place the elements of the painting where suits.
2. Indicate what time of year these situations occur.
1. Summer Solstice The South Pole has zero hours of light
The North Pole has 24 hours of light
2. Winter Solstice Spring begins in the southern hemisphere
Springs begins in the northern hemisphere
3. Autumn equinox The Tropic of Cancer receives the sun directly
Southern hemisphere has more hours of the day than at
night
4. Spring equinox Northern Hemisphere has more hours of the day than at
night
The Tropic of Capricorn receives the sun directly
3. Answer the questions below:
a) What is the difference between rotation and translation movement?
b) How long does it take to Earth to make each of these movements?
c) Why are different seasons in a year?
d) What is solstice? How many are in a year?
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6. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
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ACTIVITIES: MAPS.
1. Explain the differences between topographic map and thematic map.
2. Answer the next questions about the topographic map.
a) Is the terrain flat or hilly? What is the highest point?
b) Is there any human construction?
c) Is there any river, lake, fountain...? Which one?
d) Is there any forest?
3. Order these scales from the larger to smaller:
a) 1:5.000
b) 1:5.000.000
c) 1:25.000
4. Answer these questions:
a) When should to be used a large scale? What are its advantages?
b) When should to be used a small scale? What are its advantages?

7. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
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ACTIVITIES: THE SCALE
1. Calculate the real distance between Madrid and Seville using the
scale.
a) Look for Madrid and Seville at the map.
b) Measure with a rule the graphic scale.
c) Measure with a rule the distance between Madrid and Seville.
d) Calculate the real distance using the formula below.
2. Define:
a) Scale:
b) Latitude:
c) Longitude:
d) Parallel:
e) Meridian:
f) Ecuador:
g) Tropic:
h) Contours (Curvas de nivel):

8. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
WORKS ABOUT GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
1. Write these imaginary lines of the Earth where suits and answer.
[You have the information in the textbook]
a) Are similar all the parallels on the Earth? Why?
b) Are similar all the meridians on the Earth? Why?
2. At what latitude and longitude are these cities?
a) Bakú:
b) Cracovia:
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c) Iquique
d) Seward:
e) Kiev:
3. Look at the map. Which city is in each geographic coordinate?
a) 40ºN 80ºO:
c) 23ºN 90ºE:
b) 23ºS 70ºO:
d) 60ºN 30ºE:
e) 30ºN 90ºO:

9. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
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REVIEW ACTIVITIES
1. Fill the numerical scale of the map and calculate distances between
cities in South America indicated on the map with a red line.
2. Fill up the table below.
Translation movement Rotation Movement
What is?
¿How long takes the
Earth doing this
movement?
What consequences have
it?
3. Look for these cities in a map and point them in the map. What
time is it in each if Madrid is 12:00?
a) Lima (Peru):
b) Moscow (Russia):
c) Peking (China):
d) Athens (Greece):
e) Sidney (Australia):
f) Nueva Delhi (India):
g) New York (EE.UU.):
h) Montevideo (Uruguay):
4. What city is in each geographic coordinate?
a) 60ºN 11ºE:
b) 34ºS 18ºE:
c) 23ºS 43ºO:
d) 26ºN 81º:
5. A castaway phone you for help and said to be in the following
coordinates: 10º South Latitude, 75º West Longitude. Search this
position in an atlas. What place on Earth is up?

10. Departamento de Geografía e Historia
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EXTENSION ACTIVITIES
1. Write these imaginary lines of the Earth where suits.
[You have the information in the textbook]
2. Look for these cities in a map and point them in the map. At what
latitude and longitude are these cities (or Mountains)?
a) San Francisco:
g) Everest:
b) Miami:
h) Kilimanjaro
c) Río de Janeiro:
i) La Habana:
d) Lisbon:
j) Dublin:
e) Tokyo:
k) Quito:
f) Sidney:
3. Between what geographic coordinates is approximately the Iberian
Peninsula? And the Canary Islands? And The Balearic Islands?
4. Work with graphics and tables:
a) Fill the table. You have the information in the textbook.
b) Draw and colour the circle graphic.
! Calculate the degrees of circumference corresponding to each
rate using a simple maths rule: 100º are 360ºin the
circumference.
! With a protractor, move the circle grades toward the
circumference.