The document is a lab manual for the 'Fundamentals of Histology' practical course (BMLS3054) designed for medical lab technology students, coordinated by Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar. It outlines a detailed syllabus comprising various experiments, including tissue processing, microscopy, slide preparation, and examination of different cell and tissue types. The manual also includes references for further reading and lists enrolled students in the course.

1. 1
LAB MANUAL
Fundamentals of Histology Practical
BATCH -A & B
SUB CODE: BMLS3054
DIVISION OF MEDICAL LAB TECHNOLOGY
Dep. of Paramedical & Allied Health Sciences
SMAS
FACULTY INCHARGE: Mr. A. VAMSI KUMR (Asst Prof)

2. 2
SYLLABUS
List of Experiments
Experiment No Experiment Name
1. Basic Principles in Histology – Tissue Processing
2. To Study of various types of microscopes and draw diagram in practical
notebook
3. Planes in Histology – Interpretation of histology slides
4. To perform Hematoxylin & Eosin stain
5. To examine the basic morphology of cells and the tissues
6. To study squamous cell from cheek cells (Buccal mucosa)
7. To study stained slide preparation from organs of digestive system
8. Study of stained slides of liver, pancreas, gall bladder
9. To study stained slide preparation from organs of circulatory system
10. To study stained slide preparation from organs of Respiratory system
11. To study stained slide preparation from organs of Nervous system
12. To study stained slide preparation from organs of Urinary system
13. To study stained slide preparation from organs of Endocrine system
Reference:
o Anatomy &Physiology – Ross and Wilson
o Human Anatomy and Physiology by Pearce
o Di Fiore‘s Atlas of Histology
o Medical Laboratory Technology by KL Mukherjee-Volume III
o Histology Practical Manual by Balakrishna
COURSE OUTCOMES
On completion of this course the students will able to:
1.
To study squamous cell from cheek cells
2.
Apply knowledge on preparation of slides from various organs and how to study organ
slides

3. 3
List of Students
Sr. Admission No. Roll No. Student Semester
1 20SMAS1050001 201050054 Nikita Tripathi Sem-3
2 20SMAS1050014 201050055 Jyoti Bhati Sem-3
3 20SMAS1050013 201050056 Rahul Chauhan Sem-3
4 20SMAS1050002 201050057 Shoaib Akhtar Sem-3
5 20SMAS1050003 201050058 Jishan Sem-3
6 20SMAS1050016 201050059 Sumit Mukherjee Sem-3
7 20SMAS1050015 201050060 Afrin Afrin Alam Sem-3
8 20SMAS1050053 201050061 Ujjwal Kumar Sem-3
9 20SMAS1050050 201050062 Avi Nehra Sem-3
10 20SMAS1050017 201050063 Gaurav Tanwar Sem-3
11 20SMAS1050018 201050064 Sandeep Sharma Sem-3
12 20SMAS1050021 201050065 Himanshu Pal Sem-3
13 20SMAS1050023 201050066 Shivam Sem-3
14 20SMAS1050024 201050067 Tarique Tanveer Khan Sem-3
15 20SMAS1050025 201050068 Bharti Chaudhari Chaudhari Sem-3
16 20SMAS1050026 201050069 Akash Bhati Sem-3
17 20SMAS1050027 201050070 Shivani Kaushik Sem-3
18 20SMAS1050028 201050071 Tarun Kumar Mishra Sem-3
19 20SMAS1050029 201050072 Harsh Tyagi Sem-3
20 20SMAS1050030 201050073 Dev Sharma Sem-3
21 20SMAS1050031 201050074 Bushra Parveen Sem-3
22 20SMAS1050033 201050075 Nandini Sonik Sem-3
23 20SMAS1050020 201050076 Riya Chauhan Sem-3
24 20SMAS1050034 201050077 Mohammad Kashif Hussain Sem-3
25 20SMAS1050035 201050078 Ayushi Jha Sem-3
26 20SMAS1050036 201050079 Shreya Sharma Sem-3
27 20SMAS1050080 201050080 Devesh Sharma Sem-3
28 20SMAS1050037 201050081 Abhishek Tiwari Sem-3
29 20SMAS1050038 201050082 Zafre Alam Sem-3
30 20SMAS1050039 201050083 Pushpender . Sem-3
31 20SMAS1050040 201050084 Mahima . Sem-3
32 20SMAS1050041 201050085 Anshuman Singh Sem-3
33 20SMAS1050042 201050086 Hare Krishn Sem-3
34 20SMAS1050047 201050087 Anchal . Sem-3
35 20SMAS1050048 201050088 Vivek Kumar Sem-3
36 20SMAS1050049 201050089 Arpan Kumar Sem-3
37 20SMAS1050055 201050090 Arman Khan Sem-3
38 20SMAS1050056 201050091 Ravi Kumar Sem-3
39 20SMAS1050057 201050092 Md Kashif Ali Sem-3
40 20SMAS1050070 201050093 Shristi Deorha Sem-3
42 20SMAS1050071 201050095 Anukriti Deorha Sem-3
43 20SMAS1050059 201050096 Aman Agarwal Sem-3

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44 20SMAS1050060 201050097 Sahil Kumar Sem-3
45 20SMAS1050062 201050098 Shruti Sarkar Sem-3
46 20SMAS1050063 201050099 Deepak Kumar Sem-3
47 20SMAS1050064 201050100 Shivam Rai Sem-3
48 20SMAS1050065 201050101 Drishti Sharma Sem-3
50 20SMAS1050067 201050103 Mohini Chauhan Sem-3
51 20SMAS1050068 201050104 Abhishek Pratap Singh Sem-3
52 20SMAS1050072 201050105 Shivani Bansal Sem-3
53 20SMAS1050073 201050106 Varun Kumar Singh Sem-3
54 20SMAS1050074 201050107 Deepak Kumar Gupta Sem-3
55 20SMAS1050075 201050108 Km Parul Sem-3
56 20SMAS1050076 201050109 Tripti Kumari Sem-3

5. 5
Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) –
BMLS3054
Experiment No 1
Title Basic Principles of Histology – Tissue
Processing
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty in-
charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
1. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF HISTOLOGY – TISSUE PROCESSING
➢ Histology (microanatomy) is the study of the human body at a tissue or sometimes at a
cellular level. As disease processes occur at the molecular/cellular levels, manifestations
of the disease processes are readily and economically observed at the tissue level using a
microscope.
➢ To examine tissues under a microscope, several steps to acquire, fix, and stain the
samples are necessary.
➢ In each of the preparatory steps, a variety of artifacts may be introduced to the tissue
samples.
Aim of Tissue Processing:
The aim of tissue processing is to embed the tissue in a solid medium firm enough to support
the tissue and give it sufficient rigidity to enable thin sections to be cut, and yet soft enough
not to damage the knife or tissue.
Major steps in Tissue Processing
Reference:
Practical Pathology Manual, Edition – 3, Harsha Mohan, 2017, Jaypee Publishers.

6. 6
Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) – BMLS3054
Experiment No 2
Title To Study of various types of microscopes and draw
diagram in practical notebook
Course Co-Ordinator /
Faculty in-charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
2. TO STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF MICROSCOPES AND DRAW DIAGRAM
IN PRACTICAL NOTEBOOK

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Components of the compound Light Microscope

8. 8

9. 9

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Other types of microscopes:
Reference:
https://tbcindia.gov.in/WriteReadData/l892s/272913181Microsc1.pdf
https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classXI/biology/kelm301.pdf
o Anatomy &Physiology – Ross and Wilson
o Human Anatomy and Physiology by Pearce
o Di Fiore‘s Atlas of Histology
o Medical Laboratory Technology by KL Mukherjee-Volume III
o Histology Practical Manual by Balakrishna

11. 11
Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) –
BMLS3054
Experiment No 3
Title Planes in Histology – Interpretation of histology
slides
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty in-
charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
3. PLANES IN HISTOLOGY – INTERPRETATION OF HISTOLOGY SLIDES

12. 12

13. 13

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Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) –
BMLS3054
Experiment No 4
Title To perform Hematoxylins and Eosin Stain
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty in-
charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
4. TO PERFORM HEMATOXYLIN & EOSINE STAIN
Aim: To perform Hematoxylin & Eosin stain for observation histological studies
Principle:
The acidic component of the cells has the affinity to basic dye and basic component of the
cells has the affinity to acidic dye. In hematoxylin and eosin stain, Hematoxylin stains the
acidic part of the cell, i.e. Nucleus. So, hematoxylin is called as nuclear stain. While eosin
acts as a acidic stain and bind with the basic part of the cell, i.e. cytoplasm of the cells
staining pink.
Materials required:
H&E Reagents
Staining Racks
Sodium Bicarbonate
HCl
1% Acid Alcohol
DPX
Xylene
Glass Slides
Cover Slips
PPE

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Procedure:

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Interpretation:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Clinical Observation:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Reference:
o Anatomy &Physiology – Ross and Wilson
o Human Anatomy and Physiology by Pearce
o Di Fiore‘s Atlas of Histology
o Medical Laboratory Technology by KL Mukherjee-Volume III
o Histology Practical Manual by Balakrishna

17. 17
Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) –
BMLS3054
Experiment No 5
Title To examine the basic morphology of cells and
the tissues
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty in-
charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
5. TO EXAMINE THE BASIC MORPHOLOGY OF CELLS AND THE TISSUES
Aim: To observe the basic morphology of cells and Tissues

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of transitional epithelium

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of hyaline cartilaze
HYALINE CARTILAGE

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of elastic cartilage
ELASTIC CARTILAGE

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of fibrous cartilage
FIBROUS CARTILAGE

24. 24
Aim: To observe the stained smear of bone – transverse section.
BONE – TRNASVERSE SECTION

25. 25
Aim: To observe the stained smear of bone longitudinal section.
BONE – LONGITUDINAL SECTION

26. 26
Aim: To observe the stained smear of skeletal muscle.
SKELETAL MUSCLE

27. 27
Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) –
BMLS3054
Experiment No 6
Title To study squamous cell from cheek cells (Buccal
mucosa)
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty in-
charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
6. TO STUDY SQUAMOUS CELL FROM CHEEK CELLS (BUCCAL MUCOSA)
Aim: To examine the squamous cells from buccal mucosa.
Observation:
Stratified squamous epithelium of the hard palate. In this smear it shows a transition in
the oral mucosa from a stratified squamous epithelium (on the right) to a stratified squamous
para-keratinized epithelium (on the left). The flattened surface cells of the keratinized
epithelium are devoid of nuclei. The layer of keratohyalin granule–containing cells is clearly
visible in this type of epithelium. The flattened surface cells of the para-keratinized
epithelium display the same characteristics as the keratinized cells, except they retain their
nuclei, i.e., they are para-keratinized. In addition, note the paucity of keratohyalin granules
present in the subsurface cells.

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Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) –
BMLS3054
Experiment No 7
Title To study stained slide preparation from organs of
digestive system
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty
in-charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
7. TO STUDY STAINED SLIDE PREPARATION FROM ORGANS OF DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
Aim: To observe the stained smear of fundus of stomach

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of small intestine (Ilium)

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of Large intestine

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Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) –
BMLS3054
Experiment No 8
Title To Study of stained slides of liver, pancreas, gall
bladder
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty in-
charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
8. To Study of stained slides of liver, pancreas, gall bladder
Aim: To observe the stained smear of liver

32. 32
Aim: To observe the stained smear of pancreas

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of gall bladder

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Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) – BMLS3054
Experiment No 9
Title To study stained slide preparation from organs of
circulatory system
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty
in-charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
9. To study stained slide preparation from organs of circulatory system
Aim: To study the stained smears of cardiac muscle

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Aim: To study the stained smear of medium sized artery

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Aim: To study the stained smear of large vein

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Aim: To study the stained smear of a Lymph Node

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Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) – BMLS3054
Experiment No 10
Title To study stained slide preparation from organs of
Respiratory system
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty
in-charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
10. TO STUDY STAINED SLIDE PREPARATION FROM ORGANS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Aim: To observe the stained smear of Trachea

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of Lung.

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Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) –
BMLS3054
Experiment No 11
Title To study stained slide preparation from organs of
Nervous system
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty
in-charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
11. TO STUDY STAINED SLIDE PREPARATION FROM ORGANS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
Aim: To observe the stained smear of spinal cord

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of cerebellum

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Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) –
BMLS3054
Experiment No 12
Title To study stained slide preparation from organs of
Urinary system
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty
in-charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
12. TO STUDY STAINED SLIDE PREPARATION FROM ORGANS OF URINARY SYSTEM
Aim: To observe the stained smear of kidney

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of urinary bladder

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Course Name/ code Fundamentals of Histology (Practical) – BMLS3054
Experiment No 13
Title To study stained slide preparation from organs of
Endocrine system
Course Co-Ordinator / Faculty
in-charge
Mr. A. Vamsi Kumar
Department / School Medical Lab Technology, SMAS
Semester III
13. TO STUDY STAINED SLIDE PREPARATION FROM ORGANS OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Aim: To observe the stained smear of pituitary gland

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of supra renal gland (Adrenal Gland)

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Aim: To observe the stained smear of thyroid gland.

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