Recent advances in spindle finishing technology have expanded its production capabilities. High pressure spindle finishing and continuous spindle finishing allow for faster cycle times. High pressure spindle finishing uses baffles and domes to increase media velocity and confinement, generating higher finishing forces for faster removal rates up to 5-10 times faster. Continuous spindle finishing uses multiple spindles on a rotating head to keep parts immersed continuously, increasing output by up to 100% compared to standard spindle machines where spindles pivot in and out of the media.
Need of Lapping Machine for Valve Component: A Case StudyIJMER
ABSTRACT: Lapping process is characterized by its low speed, low pressure, and low material removal rate. This process
is used in achieving finer surfaces and closer fits, correction of minor imperfections, and maintaining close tolerances.
During the process of lapping, the mechanisms of surface formation and removal rate are decisively influenced by
the movement type of the individual grains within the lapping abrasive. A gate valve is used to start and stop the flow of
fluid. So the wedge and seat ring of a valve are in continuous pressure of fluid flow and due to opening and closing of valve
these component get wear and they need lapping during reconditioning. This paper will share the need, requirement and
application of lapping during the reconditioning of valve.
This paper will explore the current working condition of lapping machine in valve industry. It will elaborate the
effect of abrasive particals, working speed, surface roughness and other related parameters. What are the difficulties they
are facing during the valve reconditioning related to lapping, will be disscussed.Current set up and the changes required in
this model are suggested with the proposed model.
Key words: Lapping process, wedge, seat ring, abrasive particles.
Abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) is a relatively new machining technique. Abrasive Water Jet Machining is extensively used in many industrial applic ations. AWJM is a non- conventional machining process where material is removed by impa ct erosion of high pressure high velocity of water and entrained high velocity of grit abrasi ves on a work piece. There are so many process parameter affect quality of machined surface cut by AW JM. Important process parameters which mainly affect the quality of cutting are traverse spe ed,hydraulic pressure,stand of distance,abrasive flow rate and types of abrasive. Important quality para meters in AWJM are Material Removal Rate (MRR),Surface Roughness (SR),Kerf width,tape ring of Kerf. This seminar report reviews the research work carried out so far in the area AWJM.
Complete Coverage on High velocity forming methods also known as high energy rate forming processes HVF and HERF. Very useful for mechanical engineering students and teachers.. Explosive forming, magnetic pulse forming, hydro forming, electro hydro forming discussed.
Need of Lapping Machine for Valve Component: A Case StudyIJMER
ABSTRACT: Lapping process is characterized by its low speed, low pressure, and low material removal rate. This process
is used in achieving finer surfaces and closer fits, correction of minor imperfections, and maintaining close tolerances.
During the process of lapping, the mechanisms of surface formation and removal rate are decisively influenced by
the movement type of the individual grains within the lapping abrasive. A gate valve is used to start and stop the flow of
fluid. So the wedge and seat ring of a valve are in continuous pressure of fluid flow and due to opening and closing of valve
these component get wear and they need lapping during reconditioning. This paper will share the need, requirement and
application of lapping during the reconditioning of valve.
This paper will explore the current working condition of lapping machine in valve industry. It will elaborate the
effect of abrasive particals, working speed, surface roughness and other related parameters. What are the difficulties they
are facing during the valve reconditioning related to lapping, will be disscussed.Current set up and the changes required in
this model are suggested with the proposed model.
Key words: Lapping process, wedge, seat ring, abrasive particles.
Abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) is a relatively new machining technique. Abrasive Water Jet Machining is extensively used in many industrial applic ations. AWJM is a non- conventional machining process where material is removed by impa ct erosion of high pressure high velocity of water and entrained high velocity of grit abrasi ves on a work piece. There are so many process parameter affect quality of machined surface cut by AW JM. Important process parameters which mainly affect the quality of cutting are traverse spe ed,hydraulic pressure,stand of distance,abrasive flow rate and types of abrasive. Important quality para meters in AWJM are Material Removal Rate (MRR),Surface Roughness (SR),Kerf width,tape ring of Kerf. This seminar report reviews the research work carried out so far in the area AWJM.
Complete Coverage on High velocity forming methods also known as high energy rate forming processes HVF and HERF. Very useful for mechanical engineering students and teachers.. Explosive forming, magnetic pulse forming, hydro forming, electro hydro forming discussed.
Complexity of pilgering in nuclear applicationsIJERA Editor
Nuclear reactors use various types and sections of tubes manufactured with exotic materials meeting special
requirements. These Tubes are manufactured using a Cold working process of Pilgering. Pilgering process is
influenced by a lot of factors making it a highly complex process. In this paper the various influencing factors
are compiled, segregated and briefly discussed.
Computer Science
Active and Programmable Networks
Active safety systems
Ad Hoc & Sensor Network
Ad hoc networks for pervasive communications
Adaptive, autonomic and context-aware computing
Advance Computing technology and their application
Advanced Computing Architectures and New Programming Models
Advanced control and measurement
Aeronautical Engineering,
Agent-based middleware
Alert applications
Automotive, marine and aero-space control and all other control applications
Autonomic and self-managing middleware
Autonomous vehicle
Biochemistry
Bioinformatics
BioTechnology(Chemistry, Mathematics, Statistics, Geology)
Broadband and intelligent networks
Broadband wireless technologies
CAD/CAM/CAT/CIM
Call admission and flow/congestion control
Capacity planning and dimensioning
Changing Access to Patient Information
Channel capacity modelling and analysis
Civil Engineering,
Cloud Computing and Applications
Collaborative applications
Communication application
Communication architectures for pervasive computing
Communication systems
Computational intelligence
Computer and microprocessor-based control
Computer Architecture and Embedded Systems
Computer Business
Computer Sciences and Applications
Computer Vision
Computer-based information systems in health care
Computing Ethics
Computing Practices & Applications
Congestion and/or Flow Control
Content Distribution
Context-awareness and middleware
Creativity in Internet management and retailing
Cross-layer design and Physical layer based issue
Cryptography
Data Base Management
Data fusion
Data Mining
Data retrieval
Data Storage Management
Decision analysis methods
Decision making
Digital Economy and Digital Divide
Digital signal processing theory
Distributed Sensor Networks
Drives automation
Drug Design,
Drug Development
DSP implementation
E-Business
E-Commerce
E-Government
Electronic transceiver device for Retail Marketing Industries
Electronics Engineering,
Embeded Computer System
Emerging advances in business and its applications
Emerging signal processing areas
Enabling technologies for pervasive systems
Energy-efficient and green pervasive computing
Environmental Engineering,
Estimation and identification techniques
Evaluation techniques for middleware solutions
Event-based, publish/subscribe, and message-oriented middleware
Evolutionary computing and intelligent systems
Expert approaches
Facilities planning and management
Flexible manufacturing systems
Formal methods and tools for designing
Fuzzy algorithms
Fuzzy logics
GPS and location-based app
Drafting is the creation of a drawing or other graphical representation of a building, mechanical device or other structure for the purposes of determining how the device should be created. Drafting is used as a part of the design and fabrication processes. Drafting can be done by hand or using specially designed computer programs and mechanical drawings.
Drafting arrangement is the most important part of the machine. It influences mainly evenness and strength The following points are therefore very important
Mass media finishing techniques improve part performance and service life, and these processes can be tailored or modified to amplify this effect. Although the ability of these processes to drive down deburring and surface finishing costs when compared to manual procedures is well known and documented, their ability to dramatically effect part performance and service life are not. This facet of edge and surface finishing deserves closer scrutiny and this is also true of larger and more complex parts – only more so
Design and Analysis of Pressure Die Casting for Door Handleijtsrd
Die casting is a metal casting operation that is specified by forcing molten metal under elevated pressure into a mould cavity. The mould cavity is build using two hardened tool steel dies which have been machined into shape and work closely to an injection mould during the process. While casting, a hot or cold chamber machine is used as requirement. While the using of round shaped aluminum door handles it detect that while opening the door whole load is concentrated on two screws which develop in tearing the area where handle is fastened, came in observation that if fastened screw get teared it looks odd . I have redesigned the Door handle maintaining its aesthetic appearance and design to overcome the said identified problem. Lokesh Narayan Dhak | Vaibhav Bankar "Design and Analysis of Pressure Die Casting for Door Handle" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46283.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/46283/design-and-analysis-of-pressure-die-casting-for-door-handle/lokesh-narayan-dhak
Complexity of pilgering in nuclear applicationsIJERA Editor
Nuclear reactors use various types and sections of tubes manufactured with exotic materials meeting special
requirements. These Tubes are manufactured using a Cold working process of Pilgering. Pilgering process is
influenced by a lot of factors making it a highly complex process. In this paper the various influencing factors
are compiled, segregated and briefly discussed.
Computer Science
Active and Programmable Networks
Active safety systems
Ad Hoc & Sensor Network
Ad hoc networks for pervasive communications
Adaptive, autonomic and context-aware computing
Advance Computing technology and their application
Advanced Computing Architectures and New Programming Models
Advanced control and measurement
Aeronautical Engineering,
Agent-based middleware
Alert applications
Automotive, marine and aero-space control and all other control applications
Autonomic and self-managing middleware
Autonomous vehicle
Biochemistry
Bioinformatics
BioTechnology(Chemistry, Mathematics, Statistics, Geology)
Broadband and intelligent networks
Broadband wireless technologies
CAD/CAM/CAT/CIM
Call admission and flow/congestion control
Capacity planning and dimensioning
Changing Access to Patient Information
Channel capacity modelling and analysis
Civil Engineering,
Cloud Computing and Applications
Collaborative applications
Communication application
Communication architectures for pervasive computing
Communication systems
Computational intelligence
Computer and microprocessor-based control
Computer Architecture and Embedded Systems
Computer Business
Computer Sciences and Applications
Computer Vision
Computer-based information systems in health care
Computing Ethics
Computing Practices & Applications
Congestion and/or Flow Control
Content Distribution
Context-awareness and middleware
Creativity in Internet management and retailing
Cross-layer design and Physical layer based issue
Cryptography
Data Base Management
Data fusion
Data Mining
Data retrieval
Data Storage Management
Decision analysis methods
Decision making
Digital Economy and Digital Divide
Digital signal processing theory
Distributed Sensor Networks
Drives automation
Drug Design,
Drug Development
DSP implementation
E-Business
E-Commerce
E-Government
Electronic transceiver device for Retail Marketing Industries
Electronics Engineering,
Embeded Computer System
Emerging advances in business and its applications
Emerging signal processing areas
Enabling technologies for pervasive systems
Energy-efficient and green pervasive computing
Environmental Engineering,
Estimation and identification techniques
Evaluation techniques for middleware solutions
Event-based, publish/subscribe, and message-oriented middleware
Evolutionary computing and intelligent systems
Expert approaches
Facilities planning and management
Flexible manufacturing systems
Formal methods and tools for designing
Fuzzy algorithms
Fuzzy logics
GPS and location-based app
Drafting is the creation of a drawing or other graphical representation of a building, mechanical device or other structure for the purposes of determining how the device should be created. Drafting is used as a part of the design and fabrication processes. Drafting can be done by hand or using specially designed computer programs and mechanical drawings.
Drafting arrangement is the most important part of the machine. It influences mainly evenness and strength The following points are therefore very important
Mass media finishing techniques improve part performance and service life, and these processes can be tailored or modified to amplify this effect. Although the ability of these processes to drive down deburring and surface finishing costs when compared to manual procedures is well known and documented, their ability to dramatically effect part performance and service life are not. This facet of edge and surface finishing deserves closer scrutiny and this is also true of larger and more complex parts – only more so
Design and Analysis of Pressure Die Casting for Door Handleijtsrd
Die casting is a metal casting operation that is specified by forcing molten metal under elevated pressure into a mould cavity. The mould cavity is build using two hardened tool steel dies which have been machined into shape and work closely to an injection mould during the process. While casting, a hot or cold chamber machine is used as requirement. While the using of round shaped aluminum door handles it detect that while opening the door whole load is concentrated on two screws which develop in tearing the area where handle is fastened, came in observation that if fastened screw get teared it looks odd . I have redesigned the Door handle maintaining its aesthetic appearance and design to overcome the said identified problem. Lokesh Narayan Dhak | Vaibhav Bankar "Design and Analysis of Pressure Die Casting for Door Handle" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46283.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/46283/design-and-analysis-of-pressure-die-casting-for-door-handle/lokesh-narayan-dhak
PROCESS IMPROVEMENT OF GRUB SCREW MANUFACTURING IN A SMALL SCALE INDUSTRYvivatechijri
This study is an approach to investigate the viable impacts of Grub screw manufacturing. Due to
increase in demand of grub screw in industry it leads the manufacturer to upgrade the exiting process of
manufacturing the grub screw. A method and apparatus for manufacturing a screw capable of mass-producing a
multiple screw bolt such as a so-called grub screw, grinding and slotting for use therein. By making the existing
machine semi automatic to increase the production rate as well as to reduce the man power required for the
production process. Grub screw manufacturing process consists of COLD FORGING, SLOTTING, GRINDING
and ROLL THREADING. Slotting machine cuts the slot on the top of screw head. The feeding mechanism demands
human effort causing slow production rate and time consuming process. To eliminate this we come up with semiautomatic bowl feeder. As similar problem is faced in the grinding process we decided to combine the slotting
and grinding machine into one. This project is focused on increasing the production rate with minimal man power
by consuming less amount of time compared with the existing process. For this purpose, an optimized design of
existing machine is made consisting of cost effective & quality materials.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Development of fixture_to_reduce_the_cycle_time_of_c_8_griding_machineLaukik Raut
“What a difference a second makes” – a quote from an empowered employee. Just one second over a ten
second continuous cycle can mean your line runs consistently 10% faster, the difference between comfortably
achieving tight production schedules or continually being capacity constrained.[1] This work presents a new
approach for the reduction of process cycle time and its impact on a company's competitive edge. Reduction in
cycle time has been gaining significant attention in recent times. The shorter cycle times effect in higher
consumer satisfaction, lower manufacturing rate, higher yield, and better potential given tool inventory and
facility constraints. This research paper provides a brief review of core approaches related to cycle time and
also describes a methodology for cycle time reduction in any manufacturing and automobile production
industry. It includes the assessment and potential gains of the projected cycle time reduction methodology
Centrifugal Iso-finishing for Additive Manufactured PartsDDaveDavidson
Centrifugal Iso-Finishing is a high-energy, high-quality, high-speed hands-free mechanical method for deburring, finishing and polishing of 3D printed (additive manufactured) parts as well as coventional subtractive manufactured parts. High Centrifugal force is utilized to accelerated process cycle times and make use of smaller dimensioned media to access intricate and complex part shapes. Useful for hand-deburring minimization and for developing low-micro-inch polished surfaces. Centrifugal Iso-Burnishing can be used for developing compressive stress in part surfaces on the order of that achieved by shot peening making parts much more resistant to fatigue failure or fracture. Plateaud or planarized surfaces improve bearing load capacity of cooperating parts with more wear resistance and improved tribological properties. FREE sample part finishing available, Contact Dave Davidson at ddavidson@deburring-techgroup.com. SEE ALSO https://dryfinish.wixsite.com/iso-finish
Centrifugal Iso-Finishing for Additive Manufactured PartsDave Davidson
Centrifugal Iso-Finishing Technology is used on 3D Printed and conventional CNC precision machined components for deburring, finishing and polishing. It is a high-speed, high-quality hands-free finishing method that produces highly refined surface finishes in a fraction of the time required by other equipment (10 times faster, in many cases) Free sample finishing of your parts is available, contact Dave Davidson at ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.com
Centrifugal Iso-Finishing is a high-speed, high-quality and hands-free method for deburring, smoothing, surface-0finishing, burnishing and polishing of work-pieces and parts. Contact Dave Davidson for additional technical information and assistance with getting your parts sample finished. Contact me at ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.com See also dryfinish.wordpress.com
Technical article reprint on the high-speed and high-intensity and high-quality Centrifugal iso-Finishing method.. The methods used widely on aerospace, motorsports, automotive, medical, dental, orthodontic and jewelry manufactured parts. For additional information contact Dave Davidson at ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.com. Ask about the free sample part finishing program.
See also the technical blog at https://dryfinish.wordpress.com
Modern machine-shop-apr-18 centrifugal isofinishing crnakshaftsDave Davidson
See the technical article on Centrifugal Iso-Finishing on surface finish and it's effect on engine components in the Motorsports Industry terms of performance improvement.
Contact D. A. (Dave) Davidson at ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.com for additional information or help with free sample finishing.
Centrifugal Iso-Finishing Technical article as seen in Products Finishing mag...Dave Davidson
This high-speed, high-intensity mass finishing
method can improve part performance. Centrifugal iso-finishing can be used not only for deburring and edge-contour, but also to
develop surface finish attributes that improve the performance,
surface integrity and service life of components.
A High-Speed, High-Energy Alternative
Centrifugal iso-finishing is a high-speed and high-intensity
mass finishing method in which abrasive or polishing materials are caused to interact with part edges and surfaces
with 10 times the surface pressure of low-energy finishing
methods. What this means, in practical terms, is that it is
possible to produce very refined surface finishes in abbreviated process cycle times. It also means that parts with
complex and detailed geometries can be deburred with a
minimum of manual intervention.
Iso-Finishing sample part finishing application formDave Davidson
Free sample part processing and quotations for deburring, finishing or polishing of your production parts.
(1) Download the Word document form into your computer.
(2) Complete the form and include a paper copy with your sample parts to being shipped to the Isofinishing address shown on the form
MFI full finishing product catalog with technical assistance infoDave Davidson
Mass Finishing Equipment and Supply Catalog includes equipment, finishing media, supplies and accessories. Features Centrifugal Iso-Finishing equipment for high-speed and hands-free deburring, finishing and polishing. For technical assistance and help with arranging for free sample finishing of your parts contact Dave Dagvidson at ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.com
It's the Finish that Counts. Technical Magazine article reprint.Dave Davidson
A conventionally produced surface (turned, milled,
ground, EDM) is typically Gaussian in nature, that is,
the peak and valley distribution is pretty much equal
in height. This type of surface can be very unstable and
unpredictable when wear and load bearing are considered. The images in Figure 1 demonstrate this type of
surface.
There are many ways to produce plateaued surfaces.
They are varied in approach but all have the ability to
control the surface peak characteristics separately for
the valley characteristics. Methods that are used to improve surfaces for performance and increased service life include centrifugal barrel finishing, turbo-abrasive machining (aka Turbo-Finish) and isotropic micro-finishing with vibratory finishing equipment. For additional technical information and/or elp with free sample part processing contact Dave Davidson at ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.om
Modern machine shop interviews Dave Davidson about Gear finishing processes. For additional technical information and assistance with sample part finishing contact Dave Davidson | ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.com # #machining #polishing #finish #cnc #manufacturingengineering #automotiveindustry #finishing #deburring #leanmanufacturing #aerospace #massfinishing #grinding #automotive #leanmaufacturing #gears
BV PRODUCTS - Bowl and Tub Vibratory Finishing SystemsDave Davidson
Vibratory finishing machines designed, engineered and built-in Australia that out-perform and out-last vibratory finishing machines costing much more.
Robust design with direct-drive motor and integrated parts/media separation for economical vibratory finishing of metal parts. BV Products has been perfecting its unique all cast polyurethane vibratory finishing machines with direct-drive motion generators for almost 40 years to make them the most innovative and most cost-effective surface finishing solution in the industry. Contact Dave Davidson: ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.com
BV PRODUCTS VIBRATORY FINISHING SYSTEMS FOR DEBURRING AND FINISHINGDave Davidson
Vibratory finishing machines designed, engineered and built-in Australia that out-perform and out-last vibratory finishing machines costing much more.
Robust design with direct-drive motor and integrated parts/media separation for economical vibratory finishing of metal parts. BV Products has been perfecting its unique all cast polyurethane vibratory finishing machines with direct-drive motion generators for almost 40 years to make them the most innovative and most cost-effective surface finishing solution in the industry. Contact Dave Davidson: ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.com
BV Products - Vibratory Finishing machinery for deburring and polishingDave Davidson
Vibratory finishing machines designed, engineered and built-in Australia that out-perform and out-last vibratory finishing machines costing much more.
Robust design with direct-drive motor and integrated parts/media separation for economical vibratory finishing of metal parts. BV Products has been perfecting its unique all cast polyurethane vibratory finishing machines with direct-drive motion generators for almost 40 years to make them the most innovative and most cost-effective surface finishing solution in the industry. Contact Dave Davidson: ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.com
Vibratory finishing machines designed, engineered and built in Australia that out-perform and out-last vibratory finishing machines costing much more. Robust design with direct-drive motor and integrated parts/media separation for economical vibratory finishing of metal parts. BV Products has been perfecting its unique all cast polyurethane vibratory finishing machines with direct-drive motion generators for almost 40 years to make them the most innovative and most cost-effective surface finishing solution in the industry. Contact Dave Davidson: ddavidson@deburring-tech-group.com
Centrifugal iso finishing sample processingDave Davidson
High-Speed, Hands-free deburring, iso-finishing and polishing of manufactured and 3D printed parts. Contact Dave Davidson for free sample finishing, technical assistance and contract deburring and iso-finish polishing at dryfinish@gmail.com | https://dryfinish.wixsite.com/iso-finish https://lnkd.in/gFjetZk
Centrifugal iso finishing contract services Dave Davidson
High-Speed, Hands-free deburring, iso-finishing and polishing of manufactured and 3D printed parts. Contact Dave Davidson for free sample finishing, technical assistance and contract deburring and iso-finish polishing at dryfinish@gmail.com | https://dryfinish.wixsite.com/iso-finish https://lnkd.in/gFjetZk
High-Speed, Hands-free deburring, iso-finishing and polishing of manufactured and 3D printed parts. Contact Dave Davidson for free sample finishing, technical assistance and contract deburring and iso-finish polishing at dryfinish@gmail.com | https://dryfinish.wixsite.com/iso-finish https://lnkd.in/gFjetZk
Centrifugal iso finishing - part dividersDave Davidson
High-Speed, Hands-free deburring, iso-finishing and polishing of manufactured and 3D printed parts. Contact Dave Davidson for free sample finishing, technical assistance and contract deburring and iso-finish polishing at dryfinish@gmail.com | https://dryfinish.wixsite.com/iso-finish https://lnkd.in/gFjetZk
Final vibratory iso-finishing processesDave Davidson
High-Speed iso-finishing and polishing of manufactured and 3D printed parts. Contact Dave Davidson for free sample finishing, technical assistance and contract deburring and iso-finish polishing at dryfinish@gmail.com | https://dryfinish.wixsite.com/iso-finish https://lnkd.in/gFjetZk
High-Speed, Hands-free deburring, iso-finishing and polishing of manufactured and 3D printed parts. Contact Dave Davidson for free sample finishing, technical assistance and contract deburring and iso-finish polishing at dryfinish@gmail.com | https://dryfinish.wixsite.com/iso-finish https://lnkd.in/gFjetZk
Centrifugal iso finishing - Equipment descriptionDave Davidson
High-Speed, Hands-free deburring, iso-finishing and polishing of manufactured and 3D printed parts. Contact Dave Davidson for free sample finishing, technical assistance and contract deburring and iso-finish polishing at dryfinish@gmail.com | https://dryfinish.wixsite.com/iso-finish
https://lnkd.in/gFjetZk
Centrifugal iso finishing - how it worksDave Davidson
High-Speed, Hands-free deburring, iso-finishing and polishing of manufactured and 3D printed parts. Contact Dave Davidson for free sample finishing, technical assistance and contract deburring and iso-finish polishing at dryfinish@gmail.com | https://dryfinish.wixsite.com/iso-finish https://lnkd.in/gFjetZk
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
1. w. u
1981
@ ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
MR81-391
New Developments In
High Pressure Spindle Finishing
abstract
Recent equipment design advances in spindle finishing has expanded
and enhanced the production capabilities in the finishing of a wide
variety of parts. High pressure spindle finishing and continuous
spindle finishing are recent advancements and are discussed in detail.
author
Kent R. Olsen
Director, Research & Development
Almco Division/King-Seeley Thermos Co.
Albert Lea, Minnesota
conference
Deburring & Surface Conditioning ‘81
September 30-October 2, 1981
New Orleans, Louisiana
index terms
Abrasives
Deburring
Finishing
Grinding
Society of Manufacturing Engineers l One SME Drive l P.O. Box 930
Dearborn, Michigan 48128 l Phone (313) 271-l 500
2. ABSTRACT
Recent equipment design advances in spindle finishing has expanded and enhanced
the production capabilities in the finishing of a wide variety of parts. High
pressure spindle finishing together with continuous spindle finishing are recent
advancements and are discussed in detail.
INTRODUCTION
The basic spindle finishing concept is not a new concept, however, its use has
become more commonly accepted over the past decade due to the distinct precision
finishing capabilities of this process. The use of the spindle machine had a
relatively slow start, however, the momentum has substantially increased in recent
years as processing techniques, materials and tooling have constantly been expanded
upon and refined to offer greater process capabilities. These increased processing
capabilities have broadened the scope of potential applications. This has allowed
for industries recognition and acceptance of the spindle finishing concept as a
primary consideration in the finishing and deburring processes. Recent additional
advances in equipment design offer greatly increased process and production
capabilities which will further enhance spindle finishing applications.
PROCESSING PRINCIPLES
The basic spindle finishing concept basically consists of a circular rotating
tub which contains a loose abrasive media, the work piece is fixtured on a rotating
spindle which is lowered into the rapidly moving abrasive slurry. The resulting
effect is like a "form fitting grinding wheel" which flows over and around the part
to remove burrs and improve surface finish.
This is the basic principle of the spindle finishing concept of which there
are many variations in equipment designs and processing techniques. These variations
can offer a wide variety of finishing solutions for many parts.
CAPABILITIES AND ADVANTAGES
Spindle finishing capabilities and advantages are numerous, however, the basic
points are as follows:
1. Precision - Precision finishing of your workpiece in an easily operated
machine --- not a high degree of skill required as may be
in hand finishing.
2. Repeatability - Process repeatability is easily maintained through very
elementary adjustments and process procedures.
3. Short Time Cycles - Short time cycles due to aggressive centrifugal action
of form fitting grinding wheel type action.
4. No Impingement - Individual fixturing and holding of part assures no part
damage from contact.
MR81-391
3. -2-
5. Low Materials Cost - Low media cost, as media basically only wears when
in contact with workpiece.
6. Discriminatory - Fixturing allows to position workpiece so as to direct
finishing media flow into areas needing the most work.
Also, it-is possible to mask areas where no work is
desired.
LIMITATIONS
As in every process, there are some limitations to the use of the spindle
finishing concept which should be recognized in order to have a good understanding
of the process. Some of the limitations are as follows:
1. Production - Production output is generally less when compared to other
means of mass finishing (such as vibratory finishing) due to
parts individually fixtured for process. However, time
cycles are generally short.
2. Labor - It is generally necessary for an operator to be in attendance to
operate machine at all times. The speed at which an operator
replaces the finished part with an unfinished part and returns
the part to the finishing mass is critical to production.
3, Fixturing - Each individual part needs to be fixtured or held for
processing.
4. Size - The size of the part to be processed is limited by the size of
equipment that has been selected. Very large parts are not
generally considered as practical for spindle finishing.
New advances in equipment design have reduced some of the major limitations
of spindle finishing concept. These new advances specifically are "High Pressure
Spindle Finishing" and "Continuous Spindle Finishing" to which the rest of this
paper will be devoted.
HIGH PEESSHEE SPINDLE FINISHING
High pressure spindle finishing is a new concept in spindle finishing which can
generate reduced finishing time cycles on a variety of parts.
In order to explain this concept we need to first examine the standard type
spindle machine tub together with the variables that control finishing time cycles.
The typical cross section of a standard type spindle finishing tub is sho&n in
Figure #l. Basically, the standard tub offers a great deal of versatility in
finishing a large variety of sizes of parts.
The rate of finishing in this type of machine (Figure 81) largely depends on
the following factors:
MR81-391
4. -3-
1. Media - The size and aggressiveness of the abrasive media has a direct
effect on the finishing rate. Media selection is very important
in establishing the optimum finishing cycle for the desired results.
Media selection is comprised of two major criteria, which are size
and aggressiveness.
Selection of the proper size of the media, several factors need to
be considered and are as follows: (a) the proper size is required
to probe into the areas that require finishing, (b) size selection
is required so that the media will not lodge in a part requiring
hand removal, (c) also size selection is important, as the larger
the particle size the greater the momentum the particle has when
it comes in contact with the workpiece, resulting in more work
being accomplished.
Selection of the proper aggressiveness of the media is important
so as to accomplish the desired work and also achieve the desired
resultant finish. Media is available in many forms and proper
selection is critical.
2. Velocity - The velocity of the media has a direct effect on the finishing
rates. Greater velocity is obtained by controlling the speed
of rotation of the spindle finishing tub. The greater the
velocity the greater the momentum of the media allowing more
work to be accomplished as the media comes in contact with the
work piece. There are definite limitations as to the maximum
RPM and resultant velocity that can be used in any process.
The controlling factors generally are as follows: (a) a physical
limitation generated as the media (Ref. Figure #l) can tend to
climb out of tub due to centrifugal force, (b) too high of speed
can throw media depending on part configuration, (c) part
damage could result on more delicate parts due to forces
generated from too high of speed.
Optimal tub rotational speed can be established by careful
laboratory tests.
3. Confinement - The confinement of the media has a direct effect on the
amount of work done on the workpiece. The positioning
of the workpiece close to the outer periphery of the tub
and close to the tub bottom increase the finishing rate.
The confinement of the media between the workpiece and the
tub reacts by not allowing the media to readily flow away
from the workpiece,which then applies more force from other
mass particles resulting in higher finishing forces and
consequently, more work is done.
There are limitations as to how close a part can be
positioned in relation to the tub and still maintain a
proper flow of media between part and tub. This distance
MR81-391
5. -G-
is dependent on the size of the media used and part size
and configuration. Also, the amount of media in the tub
contributes to the amount of confinement offered, the
more the media in the tub the greater the resistance for
the media to flow around the part which increases pressure
and amount of work done on workpiece.
The optimum finishing process can only be determined by actually processing
the parts in a laboratory condition to establish the best possible combination of
these major variables to achieve the desired results. Proper selection of each of
these variables is critical and should be done in conjunction with an expert in
this field.
"High Pressure Spindle Finishing" principle is based upon the concept of
higher velocity and confinement of the media to generate greater finishing forces.
Figure f2 shows a standard type tub with a baffle installed, which basically allows
the spindle tub to be operated at a higher RPM as the baffle tends to force the
media back down into the workpiece pocket due to centrifugal force, The baffle
will allow substantial increases in the amount of work that is accomplished.
Figure 83 shows the same configuration of tub with additional dome added in
center of tub creating a pocket type effect, which does not allow the media to
readily flow into the center area of the tub. For small parts this would have
effectiveness mainly by holding the media into the pocket area,allowing the media
to recover in a shorter period of time, and creating a dense solid mass. For
larger parts which approach the cross section of the tub it would provide a high
degree of confinement and would generate high finishing forces resulting in short
time cycles.
Examination of the data shown in Figure #4 reveals that on a small part
(l-1/2" dia. ball in a 8" wide pocket) that the addition of the baffle increased
the metal removal rate 2.62 times and that the further addition of the center
baffle increased the finishing rates up to 3.04 times at 900 surface feet per
minute. Other tests have shown results of 5 to 10 times faster on larger parts,
The faster finishing rates that are afforded by the high pressure spindle
finishing concept, also allow the use of smaller finishing media to penetrate
small areas and provide better finishes without lengthening the time cycle beyond
practicality.
The high pressure spindle finishing machine is not without limitations, as
it does limit the size of the pact that can be processed. The machine is more
of a speciality machine than a standard machine. An example would be as follows:
FEATURES
Tub Diameter
Tub Depth
Maximum Part Diameter
Maximum Part Length
STANDARD
2SF-48A
48"
18"
18"
14"
HIGH PRESSURE
2SF-48HP
48"
18"
6"
8"
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6. -5-
Despite some limitations of the high pressure design fur parts that fall
within the size limitations, the benefits can be tremendous and well worth your
time to explore this concept.
The tub shown in Figure 1'15illustrates where the part is fixtured
horizontally and immersed into a rotating tub. This type of a tub can be very
aggressive, but does limit the size of part which can be processed. Due to the
shape of the tub very high RPM's can be achieved without loss of media because
of centrifugal force. Consequently, with the high velocity of the media a very
high finishing rate can be achieved. The length of the part is limited to
relatively short parts with respect to diameter,as the amount of work done away
from the wall towards the center rapidly diminishes due to both the confinement
and centrifugal force generated.
CONTINUOUS SPINDLE FINISHING
In the standard spindle machine such as shown in Figure #l or #5, the spindle
head pivots in and out of the mass for removal of the finished part and replacement
with a new unfinished part. The time that the spindle is out of the mass is
unproductive time for that spindle plus you are dependent on the operator as to
how fast he unloads and loads the spindle. The importance of the unload and load
time is dependent on the length of the time cycle.
Another new spindle machine concept is that of the "continuous spindle
finishing" machine which has multiple spindles mounted on a rotating head
(see Figure #6 and 117). The obvious advantage of this arrangement is that there
is always parts in the finishing media all of the time. As the wheel rotates
around into the center area the operator unloads the finished part and loads an
unfinished part into the fixture. This not only allows for continuous finishing
of parts, but in addition allows the operator a more leisurely pace to remove and
replace the workpiece parts. This has resulted in much higher production
situations than formerly existed with the standard type spindle machines.
TOTAL
TIME
CYCLE
STANDARD
MACHINE ONLY
UNLOADTIME
STANDARD (2)
SPINDLE MACHINE
MAXIMUM
PRODUCTION
OUTPUT PC/HR
CONTINUOUS (2)
SPINDLE MACHINE
OUTPUT PC/HR
%
INCREASE
5 Sec. 5 720 1440 100%
10 5 480 720 50%
15 5 360 480 33%
20 5 288 360 25%
30 5 205 240 17%
45 5 144 160 11%
60 5 55 60 9%
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7. -6-
As illustrated in the chart is a comparison of production between the standard
two spindle finishing machine versus the continuous two spindle machine. The
production listed for the standard spindle machine is providing the operator always
meets the schedule of changing the part in 5 seconds whenever the spindle is
retracted. In actual production situations the productivity of the continuous
versus standard has proven to be much more significant than is shown on the chart
due to operator efficiency. As noted, the maximum effectiveness realized in the
shorter time cycles with the advantage diminishing as time cycles become longer.
However, the average time cycle in this type of a machine is generally in the 10
to 20 second range so substantial production increases can be realized.
In the continuous spindle finishing machine, such as shown in Figure 116, the
majority of the work is being performed as the part rotates to a position in the
finishing mass where it is closest to the tub bottom and side wall which would be
in line with the tub centerline.
Another approach is to index the spindle head rapidly into the work area for
work exposure. After a preset time cycle, the spindle head again indexes to bring
another part into the maximum work area and rotating the finished prices out of the
slurry. The advantage to this method is that the part is not moving while the
operator unloads the part and makes the unload and load operation easier for the
operator.
AUTOMATION
The continuous spindle finishing machine with the indexing mechanism is an
ideal machine to automate providing there is a large number of similar parts which
can be readily handled by a robot. By replacing the operator by a robot, the
operation now becomes highly desirable for today's high production society.
CONCLUSION
The spindle finishing concept has become a highly desirable finishing process
for precision type components. Recent advancements in equipment design, in the
areas of (1) high pressure spindle finishing and (2) continuous spindle finishing,
together with recent advancements in materials, offer an expanded finishing concept
with a lot of versatility to meet your finishing needs. Automation of a continuous
spindle finishing machine is now a very distinct possiblity for high production
situations.
MR81-391
11. ME
-lO-
TAL REMOVAL ; SPINDLE FINISHING
TEST CONDITIONS:
16A Aluminum Oxide Media
23 RPM Spindle rotation
1 -l/2 diameter low carbon steel balls
2 minute time cycle
TEST RESULTS: COMPARISON OF METAL REMOVAL
1 FIG. 1 11 FIG. 2 II FIG. 3 I
. 1000
metal
removal
Iwl
Tub Speed IS.F.M.1
FIGURE 4.
MR81-391