The document discusses heterogeneous networks (HetNets) and small cell technologies. It provides information on:
1) How HetNets use the same frequencies for macrocells, picocells, femtocells and WiFi to improve spectral efficiency and capacity by 1000x compared to traditional homogeneous networks.
2) The classifications of small cells including femtocells for residential use, picocells for enterprise use, and microcells and metrocells for urban areas.
3) Some of the challenges around increasing network capacity 1000-fold through better spectrum use, improving spectral efficiency 10-24x and densifying networks through small cell deployment.
Operators strategy for supporting the ‘Mobile Data Explosion’eXplanoTech
The document discusses strategies that mobile operators can use to support increasing mobile data usage. It outlines several approaches operators are taking, including deploying small cells to increase network capacity, leveraging WiFi networks to offload traffic, and using new 3GPP standards and technologies like carrier aggregation and dynamic spectrum management. The document also provides a case study of how one US operator has evolved its network from 1947 to the present day to support growing demand.
The document discusses the evolution of 3GPP's LTE and 5G NR technologies. It provides background on 3GPP and describes their release timeline and process. Key points include:
- 3GPP is working on LTE and NR enhancements in Release 16 through 2021.
- Release 16 focuses on expanding 5G NR capabilities and use cases.
- Future releases will continue evolving the technologies towards meeting more demanding requirements like ultra-low latency communications.
This document provides an overview of 5G networks including:
- 5G aims to deliver data rates of up to 10 Gbps, 100 Mbps in urban areas, and coverage everywhere with massive device connectivity and reduced power consumption.
- 5G will utilize spectrum from sub-1 GHz to 100 GHz including millimeter wave bands and enable new use cases across industries.
- Standardization is expected to begin in 2016 with commercial launches starting in 2020. Major players are conducting trials and collaborating globally to develop 5G technologies and architectures.
This document discusses small cells and Wi-Fi integration into the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network. It provides an introduction to small cells and their need due to increasing data usage. It describes heterogeneous networks (HetNets) which incorporate small cells and different radio access technologies. The document outlines the EPC network architecture and components. It then discusses small cells in more detail including their standardization, logical architecture, and LTE deployment options. The document covers Wi-Fi including standards, integration into EPC using various methods, and the Hotspot 2.0 specification. It discusses seamless connectivity between 3GPP and non-3GPP networks and provides a conclusion on the roles of small cells and Wi-Fi
The document discusses eXplanoTech's technical training services for telecommunications technologies. It offers standard, customized, and bespoke courses. The standard courses cover topics such as LTE, LTE-A, 5G, and other wireless technologies. Customized courses allow clients to modify standard courses. Bespoke courses are entirely tailored to a client's specific needs and requirements.
This document provides an overview of millimeter wave (mmWave) communications for 5G wireless networks, with a focus on propagation models. It discusses key concepts of 5G including the use of mmWave spectrum to provide multi-Gbps data rates. The document compares propagation parameters and channel models from various standardization bodies in the 0.5-100 GHz range. It summarizes recent work on measurements and models of path loss, penetration loss, and more for 5G mmWave channels across different scenarios.
Operators strategy for supporting the ‘Mobile Data Explosion’eXplanoTech
The document discusses strategies that mobile operators can use to support increasing mobile data usage. It outlines several approaches operators are taking, including deploying small cells to increase network capacity, leveraging WiFi networks to offload traffic, and using new 3GPP standards and technologies like carrier aggregation and dynamic spectrum management. The document also provides a case study of how one US operator has evolved its network from 1947 to the present day to support growing demand.
The document discusses the evolution of 3GPP's LTE and 5G NR technologies. It provides background on 3GPP and describes their release timeline and process. Key points include:
- 3GPP is working on LTE and NR enhancements in Release 16 through 2021.
- Release 16 focuses on expanding 5G NR capabilities and use cases.
- Future releases will continue evolving the technologies towards meeting more demanding requirements like ultra-low latency communications.
This document provides an overview of 5G networks including:
- 5G aims to deliver data rates of up to 10 Gbps, 100 Mbps in urban areas, and coverage everywhere with massive device connectivity and reduced power consumption.
- 5G will utilize spectrum from sub-1 GHz to 100 GHz including millimeter wave bands and enable new use cases across industries.
- Standardization is expected to begin in 2016 with commercial launches starting in 2020. Major players are conducting trials and collaborating globally to develop 5G technologies and architectures.
This document discusses small cells and Wi-Fi integration into the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network. It provides an introduction to small cells and their need due to increasing data usage. It describes heterogeneous networks (HetNets) which incorporate small cells and different radio access technologies. The document outlines the EPC network architecture and components. It then discusses small cells in more detail including their standardization, logical architecture, and LTE deployment options. The document covers Wi-Fi including standards, integration into EPC using various methods, and the Hotspot 2.0 specification. It discusses seamless connectivity between 3GPP and non-3GPP networks and provides a conclusion on the roles of small cells and Wi-Fi
The document discusses eXplanoTech's technical training services for telecommunications technologies. It offers standard, customized, and bespoke courses. The standard courses cover topics such as LTE, LTE-A, 5G, and other wireless technologies. Customized courses allow clients to modify standard courses. Bespoke courses are entirely tailored to a client's specific needs and requirements.
This document provides an overview of millimeter wave (mmWave) communications for 5G wireless networks, with a focus on propagation models. It discusses key concepts of 5G including the use of mmWave spectrum to provide multi-Gbps data rates. The document compares propagation parameters and channel models from various standardization bodies in the 0.5-100 GHz range. It summarizes recent work on measurements and models of path loss, penetration loss, and more for 5G mmWave channels across different scenarios.
The document provides an overview of 4G technologies including WiMAX and LTE. It introduces Leonhard Korowajczuk who has over 40 years of experience in telecommunications and discusses CelPlan's expertise in wireless network design. The document outlines CelPlan's training courses on WiMAX, LTE, and wireless network design and discusses key aspects of deploying 4G networks, WiMAX, LTE, and their evolution over various standards releases.
LTE Femtocells: Stepping Stone for Killer ApplicationseXplanoTech
The document discusses the potential for LTE femtocells to enable new "killer applications" by providing high-speed indoor wireless connectivity. It proposes two potential killer applications that could be realized with LTE femtocell technology: 1) A wireless hard drive that securely stores personal data in the cloud rather than on local devices that can be lost or stolen. 2) An integrated home security system using indoor/outdoor cameras and sensors to monitor for issues and alert homeowners. LTE femtocells are seen as enabling these applications by providing fast, reliable indoor data access at low cost.
Paul Young provides an overview of 5G networks in a 3-page document. He discusses what 5G is, the 2019 market outlook, issues facing 5G like signal obstruction, the large market size and applications for faster downloads and streaming. He lists major players like Samsung, Qualcomm and carriers like Verizon and AT&T. Trials of 5G networks have occurred in Canada with carriers conducting trials. Verizon has partnered with Ericsson to test 5G at the Indianapolis 500 for live 4K streaming and VR. Telus was found to have the fastest mobile network in Canada according to a 2017 report.
5G Network - It's Architecture and TechnologyRajKumarRaj32
The document discusses the evolution of mobile network technologies from 1G to 5G. It provides details on the key features and technologies of each generation including network speeds, capabilities and limitations. 5G is described as being able to provide speeds up to 1Gbps using technologies like millimeter waves, small cells, massive MIMO, beamforming and full duplex to help address limitations of previous standards like inability to handle high speeds or pass through obstacles. 5G is predicted to deliver enhanced mobile broadband and help enable new applications.
This document discusses ways that LTE can help boost average revenue per user (ARPU) for mobile network operators. It suggests that LTE enables faster speeds and more reliable mobile broadband, allowing for new applications that can drive additional revenue. These include real-time apps, location-based services, mobile health apps, high definition content, and quality of service features that users may pay premiums for. Network sharing and fixed-mobile convergence are also discussed as ways to reduce costs and increase customer loyalty. However, the document notes that simply focusing on ARPU may not be the best approach, and that factors like passive data devices could impact ARPU metrics.
Prof. Andy Sutton: Backhauling the 5G Experience3G4G
Presented by Prof. Andy Sutton, Principal Network Architect, BT Technology at The IET seminar, "5G 2020 - Unleashed" on 29 January 2020.
A companion paper is available from Academia.edu website here: https://www.academia.edu/41625209/Design_and_Deployment_of_the_EE_5G_Network
*** SHARED WITH PERMISSION ***
This document provides an overview of LTE, LTE-A, and 4G mobile technologies. It explains that while LTE is often marketed as 4G, it does not fully meet the technical specifications for 4G set by the ITU. LTE-Advanced was developed to meet these specifications by achieving peak data rates of 1 Gbps download and 500 Mbps upload through the use of carrier aggregation and other enhancements to LTE. The document outlines some of the key technologies that enable LTE-Advanced, such as carrier aggregation, relays, and coordinated multipoint, and how they help LTE-Advanced achieve the goals of 4G networks including higher speeds, lower latency, and better coverage.
A detailed look at what is meant by private networks, why do we need them and why the sudden interest in them. Also discussed is the 3GPP defined 5G Non-Public Networks (NPN), they architecture, implementation, pros and cons. In addition RAN sharing and Campus Networks are also discussed with regards to where they fit in the private networks.
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
Read other blog posts by the author, Zahid Ghadialy, here: https://communities.cisco.com/people/ZahidGhadialy/content
For more discussions and topics around SP Mobility, please visit our Mobility Community: http://cisco.com/go/mobilitycommunity
This document discusses 5G cellular communication technology. It provides an overview of 5G including key objectives like increased capacity and improved data rates. The document summarizes research on 5G technologies needed to meet these demands, such as massive MIMO and use of higher frequency spectrum from 3-300GHz. Challenges of implementing 5G are also reviewed, along with proposals for a two-tier 5G network architecture separating indoor and outdoor networks using small cells and device-to-device communication.
This updated presentation/video looks at 5G Network Architecture options that have been proposed by 3GPP for deployment of 5G. It covers the Standalone (SA) and Non-Standalone (NSA) architecture. In the NSA architecture, EN-DC (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity), NGEN-DC (NG-RAN E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity) and NE-DC (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity) has been looked at. Finally, migration strategies proposed by vendors and operators (MNOs / SPs) have been discussed.
5G refers to the fifth generation of wireless technology and was recently introduced in 2019. 6G is the proposed sixth generation that is still in early research and aims to integrate advanced features to improve upon 5G. Key differences include 6G supporting higher data rates up to 1 Tbps, lower latency under 1 ms, and exploring new spectrum in the THz and optical bands. While 5G networks have begun deployment, 6G research is ongoing to develop technologies like holographic communication and integrate AI.
Ultra-Reliable Networks – A Mobile Operator Perspective3G4G
The document discusses the characteristics of an ultra-reliable mobile network. It states that an ultra-reliable network should provide near 100% population coverage, close to 100% geographical coverage, and over 99.99% reliability. It also discusses using multiple technologies like LTE, WiFi, LAA, and device-to-device communication to provide seamless coverage with availability close to 100% and data drops close to 0%. The document outlines EE's plans to build such an ultra-reliable network in the UK through investments in backup power, resilient transmission, emergency response vehicles, and new technologies from 3GPP to improve security, quality of service, and reliability.
Presentations given at the
Workshop 6: European and Taiwanese Cooperation on 5G
Wednesday, 19 June 2019, at EUCNC 2019 in Valencia, Spain.
All presentations atre available.
Examining the Role of SDN and NFV in the Move Towards LTE-A and 5th Generation Alberto Boaventura
This document discusses the roles of SDN and NFV in enabling 5G/LTE-A networks. SDN and NFV can help address challenges of increasing traffic capacity demands through network functions virtualization and software-defined control of network resources. This allows dynamic allocation of resources through network slicing and virtualization. SDN control can also help with interference avoidance through coordination of resources across virtual base stations in a centralized RAN architecture. Overall, SDN and NFV provide mechanisms for elastic, on-demand provisioning of network capacity needed to support the high traffic demands of evolving 5G technologies.
Rec 12 073 Lte Small Cells Presentation ArrowsAdrian Treacy
Telefonica UK conducted LTE trials in 2009 in Slough, UK to test the performance of LTE technology. The trials aimed to understand coverage, capacity, mobility and user experience on LTE. Key results included achieving peak downlink speeds of 135Mbps and average cell throughput of 25Mbps with LTE, compared to 2-3Mbps on HSPA networks. LTE also showed high mobility performance with over 99.9% success between LTE cells and low interruption times. The trials provided learning for Telefonica on LTE network planning, deployment and optimization.
Small Cells, Macrocells, Backhaul, Infrastructure and other connectivity solu...3G4G
The document summarizes products and solutions seen by the author at Mobile World Congress 2018. It provides information on 29 different companies offering small cells, backhaul solutions, and other connectivity products. While trying to be comprehensive, it notes that coverage of large, established vendors is limited and the presentation does not evaluate the relative strengths or market positions of the companies.
Prof. Andy Sutton: 5G RAN Architecture Evolution - Jan 20193G4G
This presentation explores the evolution of GSM, UMTS and LTE radio access network architectures before a detailed review of the RAN architecture options for 5G. The functional decomposition of the 5G radio access network presents the network designer with many challenges with regards placement of RU, DU and CU nodes, all of which are discussed. The presentation concludes with a review of BT UK plans for 5G launch with a fully distributed RAN in support of an EN-DC architecture.
Presented by Professor Andy Sutton CEng FIET, Principal Network Architect, Architecture & Strategy, BT Technology at IET 5G - the Advent conference on 30 January 2019 | IET London: Savoy Place
*** SHARED WITH PERMISSION ***
4.5G: Integration of LTE and Wi-Fi networksPraveen Kumar
This document discusses the integration of LTE and Wi-Fi networks. It describes how 3GPP and Wi-Fi standards have become more interoperable, allowing cellular devices to take advantage of Wi-Fi networks. The Access Network Discovery and Selection Function (ANDSF) plays a key role in allowing user equipment to discover and select Wi-Fi networks based on network policies. Seamless integration of Wi-Fi and LTE is important for offloading data traffic from cellular networks to Wi-Fi networks, which can help improve network capacity and performance.
The document summarizes the key features and capabilities of the OptiXtrans E6600 platform:
- It is Huawei's next-generation optical transport platform for enterprises, supporting multiple services including SDH, packet, and OTN.
- It converges 4 services in 1 device and supports interfaces from 2M to 100G.
- It features high integration, huge capacity of over 20T per fiber, intelligent O&M, and simplified network architecture.
Radisys & Airspan - Small Cells and LTE-A Webinar PresentationRadisys Corporation
Radisys' Renuka Bhalerao and Paul Senior of Airspan presented: Small Cells & LTE Advanced - The Hype of 3Cs: Capacity, Coverage and Customer Satisfaction on June 11, 2013. View/Read their materials how mobile operators can make their networks more efficient, increase capacity and coverage by deploying LTE-A and strategically placed small cells.
The document provides an overview of 4G technologies including WiMAX and LTE. It introduces Leonhard Korowajczuk who has over 40 years of experience in telecommunications and discusses CelPlan's expertise in wireless network design. The document outlines CelPlan's training courses on WiMAX, LTE, and wireless network design and discusses key aspects of deploying 4G networks, WiMAX, LTE, and their evolution over various standards releases.
LTE Femtocells: Stepping Stone for Killer ApplicationseXplanoTech
The document discusses the potential for LTE femtocells to enable new "killer applications" by providing high-speed indoor wireless connectivity. It proposes two potential killer applications that could be realized with LTE femtocell technology: 1) A wireless hard drive that securely stores personal data in the cloud rather than on local devices that can be lost or stolen. 2) An integrated home security system using indoor/outdoor cameras and sensors to monitor for issues and alert homeowners. LTE femtocells are seen as enabling these applications by providing fast, reliable indoor data access at low cost.
Paul Young provides an overview of 5G networks in a 3-page document. He discusses what 5G is, the 2019 market outlook, issues facing 5G like signal obstruction, the large market size and applications for faster downloads and streaming. He lists major players like Samsung, Qualcomm and carriers like Verizon and AT&T. Trials of 5G networks have occurred in Canada with carriers conducting trials. Verizon has partnered with Ericsson to test 5G at the Indianapolis 500 for live 4K streaming and VR. Telus was found to have the fastest mobile network in Canada according to a 2017 report.
5G Network - It's Architecture and TechnologyRajKumarRaj32
The document discusses the evolution of mobile network technologies from 1G to 5G. It provides details on the key features and technologies of each generation including network speeds, capabilities and limitations. 5G is described as being able to provide speeds up to 1Gbps using technologies like millimeter waves, small cells, massive MIMO, beamforming and full duplex to help address limitations of previous standards like inability to handle high speeds or pass through obstacles. 5G is predicted to deliver enhanced mobile broadband and help enable new applications.
This document discusses ways that LTE can help boost average revenue per user (ARPU) for mobile network operators. It suggests that LTE enables faster speeds and more reliable mobile broadband, allowing for new applications that can drive additional revenue. These include real-time apps, location-based services, mobile health apps, high definition content, and quality of service features that users may pay premiums for. Network sharing and fixed-mobile convergence are also discussed as ways to reduce costs and increase customer loyalty. However, the document notes that simply focusing on ARPU may not be the best approach, and that factors like passive data devices could impact ARPU metrics.
Prof. Andy Sutton: Backhauling the 5G Experience3G4G
Presented by Prof. Andy Sutton, Principal Network Architect, BT Technology at The IET seminar, "5G 2020 - Unleashed" on 29 January 2020.
A companion paper is available from Academia.edu website here: https://www.academia.edu/41625209/Design_and_Deployment_of_the_EE_5G_Network
*** SHARED WITH PERMISSION ***
This document provides an overview of LTE, LTE-A, and 4G mobile technologies. It explains that while LTE is often marketed as 4G, it does not fully meet the technical specifications for 4G set by the ITU. LTE-Advanced was developed to meet these specifications by achieving peak data rates of 1 Gbps download and 500 Mbps upload through the use of carrier aggregation and other enhancements to LTE. The document outlines some of the key technologies that enable LTE-Advanced, such as carrier aggregation, relays, and coordinated multipoint, and how they help LTE-Advanced achieve the goals of 4G networks including higher speeds, lower latency, and better coverage.
A detailed look at what is meant by private networks, why do we need them and why the sudden interest in them. Also discussed is the 3GPP defined 5G Non-Public Networks (NPN), they architecture, implementation, pros and cons. In addition RAN sharing and Campus Networks are also discussed with regards to where they fit in the private networks.
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
Read other blog posts by the author, Zahid Ghadialy, here: https://communities.cisco.com/people/ZahidGhadialy/content
For more discussions and topics around SP Mobility, please visit our Mobility Community: http://cisco.com/go/mobilitycommunity
This document discusses 5G cellular communication technology. It provides an overview of 5G including key objectives like increased capacity and improved data rates. The document summarizes research on 5G technologies needed to meet these demands, such as massive MIMO and use of higher frequency spectrum from 3-300GHz. Challenges of implementing 5G are also reviewed, along with proposals for a two-tier 5G network architecture separating indoor and outdoor networks using small cells and device-to-device communication.
This updated presentation/video looks at 5G Network Architecture options that have been proposed by 3GPP for deployment of 5G. It covers the Standalone (SA) and Non-Standalone (NSA) architecture. In the NSA architecture, EN-DC (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity), NGEN-DC (NG-RAN E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity) and NE-DC (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity) has been looked at. Finally, migration strategies proposed by vendors and operators (MNOs / SPs) have been discussed.
5G refers to the fifth generation of wireless technology and was recently introduced in 2019. 6G is the proposed sixth generation that is still in early research and aims to integrate advanced features to improve upon 5G. Key differences include 6G supporting higher data rates up to 1 Tbps, lower latency under 1 ms, and exploring new spectrum in the THz and optical bands. While 5G networks have begun deployment, 6G research is ongoing to develop technologies like holographic communication and integrate AI.
Ultra-Reliable Networks – A Mobile Operator Perspective3G4G
The document discusses the characteristics of an ultra-reliable mobile network. It states that an ultra-reliable network should provide near 100% population coverage, close to 100% geographical coverage, and over 99.99% reliability. It also discusses using multiple technologies like LTE, WiFi, LAA, and device-to-device communication to provide seamless coverage with availability close to 100% and data drops close to 0%. The document outlines EE's plans to build such an ultra-reliable network in the UK through investments in backup power, resilient transmission, emergency response vehicles, and new technologies from 3GPP to improve security, quality of service, and reliability.
Presentations given at the
Workshop 6: European and Taiwanese Cooperation on 5G
Wednesday, 19 June 2019, at EUCNC 2019 in Valencia, Spain.
All presentations atre available.
Examining the Role of SDN and NFV in the Move Towards LTE-A and 5th Generation Alberto Boaventura
This document discusses the roles of SDN and NFV in enabling 5G/LTE-A networks. SDN and NFV can help address challenges of increasing traffic capacity demands through network functions virtualization and software-defined control of network resources. This allows dynamic allocation of resources through network slicing and virtualization. SDN control can also help with interference avoidance through coordination of resources across virtual base stations in a centralized RAN architecture. Overall, SDN and NFV provide mechanisms for elastic, on-demand provisioning of network capacity needed to support the high traffic demands of evolving 5G technologies.
Rec 12 073 Lte Small Cells Presentation ArrowsAdrian Treacy
Telefonica UK conducted LTE trials in 2009 in Slough, UK to test the performance of LTE technology. The trials aimed to understand coverage, capacity, mobility and user experience on LTE. Key results included achieving peak downlink speeds of 135Mbps and average cell throughput of 25Mbps with LTE, compared to 2-3Mbps on HSPA networks. LTE also showed high mobility performance with over 99.9% success between LTE cells and low interruption times. The trials provided learning for Telefonica on LTE network planning, deployment and optimization.
Small Cells, Macrocells, Backhaul, Infrastructure and other connectivity solu...3G4G
The document summarizes products and solutions seen by the author at Mobile World Congress 2018. It provides information on 29 different companies offering small cells, backhaul solutions, and other connectivity products. While trying to be comprehensive, it notes that coverage of large, established vendors is limited and the presentation does not evaluate the relative strengths or market positions of the companies.
Prof. Andy Sutton: 5G RAN Architecture Evolution - Jan 20193G4G
This presentation explores the evolution of GSM, UMTS and LTE radio access network architectures before a detailed review of the RAN architecture options for 5G. The functional decomposition of the 5G radio access network presents the network designer with many challenges with regards placement of RU, DU and CU nodes, all of which are discussed. The presentation concludes with a review of BT UK plans for 5G launch with a fully distributed RAN in support of an EN-DC architecture.
Presented by Professor Andy Sutton CEng FIET, Principal Network Architect, Architecture & Strategy, BT Technology at IET 5G - the Advent conference on 30 January 2019 | IET London: Savoy Place
*** SHARED WITH PERMISSION ***
4.5G: Integration of LTE and Wi-Fi networksPraveen Kumar
This document discusses the integration of LTE and Wi-Fi networks. It describes how 3GPP and Wi-Fi standards have become more interoperable, allowing cellular devices to take advantage of Wi-Fi networks. The Access Network Discovery and Selection Function (ANDSF) plays a key role in allowing user equipment to discover and select Wi-Fi networks based on network policies. Seamless integration of Wi-Fi and LTE is important for offloading data traffic from cellular networks to Wi-Fi networks, which can help improve network capacity and performance.
The document summarizes the key features and capabilities of the OptiXtrans E6600 platform:
- It is Huawei's next-generation optical transport platform for enterprises, supporting multiple services including SDH, packet, and OTN.
- It converges 4 services in 1 device and supports interfaces from 2M to 100G.
- It features high integration, huge capacity of over 20T per fiber, intelligent O&M, and simplified network architecture.
Radisys & Airspan - Small Cells and LTE-A Webinar PresentationRadisys Corporation
Radisys' Renuka Bhalerao and Paul Senior of Airspan presented: Small Cells & LTE Advanced - The Hype of 3Cs: Capacity, Coverage and Customer Satisfaction on June 11, 2013. View/Read their materials how mobile operators can make their networks more efficient, increase capacity and coverage by deploying LTE-A and strategically placed small cells.
Low power wireless technologies for connecting embedded sensors in the IoT: A...Gilles Callebaut
Embedded sensors are enabling a wide range of emerging smart services in domains ranging from
healthcare to smart homes and cities. They are waiting to be connected to the internet and rapidly
becoming crucial components of a valuable Internet of Things (IoT).
The variety of wireless sensor system applications demands appropriate wireless connectivity.
Several new technologies and standards are popping up, fit for short or large range, and various data
rate requirements. Dedicated networks are being deployed for Machine Type Communication.
This tutorial will bring a theoretical and practical initiation of wireless technologies tailored for connecting
embedded sensors. It will explain fundamental concepts of wireless propagation, highlighting the
challenges and opportunities to realize low power connections. Several actual technologies and
standards for different categories of connections will be introduced. A few illustrative use cases will be
presented. A hands-on session will allow the participants to experiment with EFM32 Happy Gecko
developer boards, cooperating in small teams. In a final session, a glance at future trends will be
given. The tutorial will be concluded with an overview of interesting relevant resources and a discussion
with the participants on the expectations for follow up beyond the tutorial.
3 hours course on IEEE and IETF protocols introducing the 6TiSCH architecture and the RPL routing protocol. Course given at telecom Bretagne on Feb 12th 2014
IoT Connectivity: The Technical & PotentialAndri Yadi
I had a chance to deliver a talk in Huawei Tech Day 2017 at University of Indonesia. I used this slide to discuss the connectivity options in IoT, from the technical perspective, while also discussed a bit of the potential.
Mobile data traffic is growing explosively and the industry is preparing for an astounding 1000x increase. Qualcomm is leading the charge through its compelling technologies and path breaking innovations in preparing the industry to meet this "1000x challenge." The solution to this formidable challenge is obviously is a combination of more resources such as more spectrum and more small cells, but also new ways of acquiring, deploying, operating and managing these resources. But it is not just about adding spectrum resources and small cells, the whole is much more than sum of its parts if can make all entities work efficiently together, to squeeze even more out of finite spectrum resources.
For more information please visit www.qualcomm.com/1000x
Download the presentation here: http://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/1000x-mobile-data-challenge
Bringing 1000x closer to reality: hyper-dense small cells deploymentsQualcomm Research
Qualcomm Technologies is preparing for 1000 times greater mobile data usage in the future through hyper-dense small cell deployments. Their UltraSON technology is a key enabler, solving challenges around unplanned small cell deployments, robust mobility, and reliable user experience. The world's densest small cell deployment at a NASCAR venue demonstrated over 1000 small cells per square kilometer and brought 1000 times greater capacity closer to reality, showing such hyper-dense networks can work in real-world environments.
Qualcomm Technologies' UltraSON solution is highlighted as a key enabler for 1000x hyper-dense small cell deployments. The world's densest small cell deployment at a NASCAR venue demonstrated 1000 small cells per square kilometer and brought 1000x capacity closer to reality. UltraSON solves challenges of unplanned deployments, robust mobility, and reliable user experience across all small cell scenarios including residential, enterprise, and metro/pico cells.
DWS16 - Mobile networks forum - Laurent Fournier, QualcommIDATE DigiWorld
The document summarizes key aspects of 5G NR (5th generation New Radio) technology being developed by Qualcomm to enable 5G networks and services. It discusses how 5G NR will provide scalability to address diverse services and devices through flexible spectrum allocation across low, mid, and high bands. It also outlines how 5G NR is being designed to enable massive IoT through technologies like NB-IoT, and mission critical applications through features enabling high reliability, low latency, and high availability. The document shares Qualcomm's efforts in driving 5G NR technology innovations and trials to help realize a future of multi-Gbps data rates, low latency services, and new immersive experiences through 5G.
1. Small cells provide several benefits like increased network capacity and spectral efficiency by offloading traffic. They complement existing cellular networks and Wi-Fi networks.
2. Regulatory principles for small cells are well-established, allowing them to operate within licensed spectrum under existing operator licenses. Regulations are evolving as small cell technologies advance.
3. Small cell deployments are growing rapidly, with over 3.8 million femtocells already deployed commercially and a prediction that there will be more small cells than macrocells globally by the end of 2012.
Lte mtc - optimizing lte advanced for machine-type communicationsSatya Harish
LTE MTC optimizes LTE Advanced to better support machine-to-machine communications by increasing battery life, reducing device complexity, and enhancing coverage while co-existing with existing mobile broadband services. These optimizations are part of the upcoming Release 13 of the 3GPP standard and will benefit the growing market of connected devices and machines.
LTE MTC: Optimizing LTE Advanced for Machine Type CommunicationsQualcomm Research
LTE MTC optimizes LTE Advanced for machine-type communications by significantly increasing battery life, reducing device complexity, and enhancing coverage. As part of 3GPP Release 13, LTE MTC allows for narrowband operation, extended sleep cycles, and new power saving modes. It plays a key role in connecting the billions of devices that make up the Internet of Everything by co-existing with mobile broadband networks.
To solve the 1000x mobile data challenge, we need more small cells, actually, much more, and everywhere— indoors and outdoors, in residences and in enterprises, in all the familiar flavors—3G, 4G and Wi-Fi, and in many different forms — femtos, picos, metros, relays, remote radio heads, distributed antenna systems, etc.! But, isn’t interference a limiting factor? How dense can we deploy them? Can we use new inside-out deployment models?. What are the future enhancements that takes HetNets to the next level?.
For more information, see also www.qualcomm.com/1000x
Download the presentation here: http://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/1000x-more-small-cells
The document discusses regulatory spectrum management challenges and actions needed for cellular IoT deployment in Suriname. It notes that some frequency bands assigned for mobile coverage have technology restrictions, and the regulator lacks visibility into spectrum usage. It recommends incentivizing IoT within existing licensing frameworks, following international harmonization, conducting spectrum monitoring, studying IoT technical aspects, and setting up a working group to facilitate IoT innovation. Actions include making spectrum provisions for licensed and unlicensed IoT, preparing for deployment, and identifying future demand bands.
This document provides an overview of 5G technologies and discusses key areas of research and development. It begins by looking back at early 5G research from 2003 and the maturation of 4G standards. It then explores several candidate 5G technologies including massive MIMO, device-to-device communication, and network function virtualization. The document also discusses efforts towards developing 5G by various groups and the challenges of developing a comprehensive 5G vision given the early stage of research. Energy efficiency and a potential 90% reduction in network energy consumption by 2020 is highlighted as an important focus area.
This document provides an overview of 5G technologies and discusses key areas of research and development. It begins by looking back 10 years at early 5G research and standardization efforts. It then discusses the maturing of 4G standards and examples of 4G deployments in China. The document outlines various 5G research initiatives and candidate technologies under exploration for 5G. It emphasizes that the vision for 5G is still emerging and will be defined through ongoing research exploring technical approaches piece by piece. The document also discusses efforts to make communication networks more energy efficient and "green" as data usage grows dramatically.
LPWA - Low power wide area, short for low power wide area technology, using lower power consumption to achieve long-distance wireless signal transmission.
Compared with the familiar low-power Bluetooth (BLE), Zigbee and Wifi technologies, LPWA has a much longer transmission distance, generally at the kilometre level, and its link budget (link budget) can reach 160dBm, while BLE and Zigbee are generally below 100dBm.
Compared with traditional cellular network technologies (2G, 3G), LPWA has lower power consumption, and battery-powered devices can last for several years. Based on these two distinctive features, LPWA can truly enable the Internet of Things (IoT) revolution.
LPWAN - Low power wide area network, i.e. a wireless connection network built with LPWA technology, LPWAN can be connected in various forms.
LTE LATAM 2015 - Base Station Virtualization: Advantages and ChallengesAlberto Boaventura
This document discusses the advantages and challenges of base station virtualization. Key advantages include improved capacity and coverage through centralized coordination of resources using technologies like Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) and enhanced Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (e-ICIC), which can increase system capacity up to 30 times. A centralized architecture is also well-suited for handling non-uniform traffic loads through dynamic load balancing across baseband units. However, challenges include requirements for additional spectrum, new infrastructure investments, interference mitigation techniques, and ensuring backhaul network capacity scales with increasing cell densities.
1. The document discusses the drivers and challenges for evolving mobile networks to 5G, which aims to significantly increase network performance and capacity to meet growing data demands.
2. Key challenges for 5G include supporting over 1000x capacity increase through small cells, carrier aggregation, advanced radio interfaces, and heterogeneous networks. More spectrum will also be needed to achieve multi-Gbps speeds.
3. Rural connectivity remains a challenge that 5G aims to address through technologies like LTE operating at 450MHz for wider coverage areas. Ubiquitous services could become a reality with 5G but further work is still needed to support applications such as machine-to-machine communications and public safety.
The document discusses LTE-Broadcast and provides potential solutions to challenges in implementing it successfully. It notes that while operators claim LTE-Broadcast is the next big thing, cellular broadcast may fail again if not addressed properly. It then provides several potential solutions, such as "downlink only" 4G radios for tablets to receive broadcast content over cellular without an uplink, "sponsored broadcast" to fund content like traditional TV, apps that point to broadcast information to generate revenue, and user-generated TV channels with advertising. The document emphasizes that unique content and avoiding complex billing are important for success.
The document discusses concepts for future devices, including touchscreens, voice recognition, augmented reality, flexible screens, and wireless charging. Inputs could include advanced touch, gestures, eye tracking, and sensors. Outputs may involve augmented reality displays, holograms, and transmitting smells. Form factors may be flexible, connected to other devices like cars, or able to shape shift. The "killer device" of the future would seamlessly integrate these inputs, outputs and forms through cloud software and connectivity.
The document discusses killer devices and killer apps. A killer device revolutionizes how a technology is used, while a killer app proves so necessary or desirable that it becomes core to the value of the device or platform. The iPhone is analyzed as a potential killer device due to its user-friendly integration of existing technologies like touchscreens, apps, and the mobile internet. While some technologies predated the iPhone, it combined them in a novel way and sparked revolutions in mobile apps and internet usage. Users want improvements like longer battery life, bigger screens, and easier sharing across devices. The key to success is making technologies simple to use while continuing innovation.
Quick Summary of LTE Voice Summit 2014 #LTEVoiceeXplanoTech
The document summarizes presentations from the LTE Voice Summit 2014. Key topics discussed include VoLTE deployments and challenges faced by various operators, new services being offered over VoLTE networks, and interoperability issues between operators on regulatory and technical fronts. Presenters represented major operators from around the world and discussed their experiences and strategies regarding migrating voice services to 4G LTE networks.
An Introduction to Voice and SMS in LTE NetworkseXplanoTech
This document provides an overview of voice and SMS capabilities in LTE networks. It discusses early solutions like VoLGA and SVLTE that allowed voice calls on LTE. Circuit Switched Fallback and IMS-based VoIP are described as main approaches, with CSFB used initially for legacy network support and VoIP as the eventual IP-based standard. Key aspects of both solutions like architecture and call flows are summarized.
The document discusses smartwatches, both fictional and real examples. It provides details on some of the earliest smartwatch devices created in the 1980s and 1990s. It also summarizes the top three most popular smartwatches today - the Samsung Galaxy Gear, Sony Smartwatch 2, and Pebble smartwatch. The document concludes that there is demand for smartwatches but manufacturers must get it right on the first try.
4.5G: Integration of LTE and Wi-Fi networkseXplanoTech
With LTE-A getting ready to meet the IMT-Advanced requirements and fulfilling the role of promised "4G", we believe the next phase of evolution before 5G will be successful interworking of LTE and Wi-Fi networks. This whitepaper explores this feature, we call 4.5G, in detail.
An Introduction to Self-Organizing Networks (SON)eXplanoTech
This document provides an overview of Self-Organizing Networks (SON) and their key features and functions. It discusses three main aspects of SON: self-configuration, self-optimization, and self-healing. Specific SON techniques covered include automatic neighbor relations, mobility load balancing, mobility robustness optimization, coverage and capacity optimization, and minimization of drive testing. The document also outlines the SON architecture and features defined in 3GPP Releases 8-10.
This presentation provides valuable insights into effective cost-saving techniques on AWS. Learn how to optimize your AWS resources by rightsizing, increasing elasticity, picking the right storage class, and choosing the best pricing model. Additionally, discover essential governance mechanisms to ensure continuous cost efficiency. Whether you are new to AWS or an experienced user, this presentation provides clear and practical tips to help you reduce your cloud costs and get the most out of your budget.
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying AheadWask
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
Ocean lotus Threat actors project by John Sitima 2024 (1).pptxSitimaJohn
Ocean Lotus cyber threat actors represent a sophisticated, persistent, and politically motivated group that poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals in the Southeast Asian region. Their continuous evolution and adaptability underscore the need for robust cybersecurity measures and international cooperation to identify and mitigate the threats posed by such advanced persistent threat groups.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024Intelisync
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!