The document summarizes key findings from a study on student retention and engagement in higher education. It finds that approximately one-third of first year students experience doubts strong enough to consider withdrawing. Doubters reported a poorer quality experience and were more likely to leave than non-doubters. The primary reasons for doubting were associated with academic factors like coping with coursework. The study recommends improving the transition to university study, formative feedback, staff-student relationships, identifying at-risk students, informed course choice, and social integration to help manage doubting and increase retention.