Heparin And Tranexamic acid
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1. The document discusses several drugs that affect blood coagulation, including heparin, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), and tranexamic acid. 2. Heparin was discovered in 1916 and was the first anticoagulant drug used clinically. It exists in unfractionated and low molecular weight forms. 3. LMWH has higher bioavailability, a longer half-life, and does not require laboratory monitoring, unlike unfractionated heparin.
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This document discusses drugs that act on blood and blood forming organs. It covers topics like hemostasis, coagulation factors, coagulation pathways, anticoagulants like heparin and warfarin, fibrinolytics, and antiplatelet drugs. Key points include that hemostasis is the process by which bleeding stops, coagulation involves intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, and anticoagulants prevent clotting through various mechanisms like inhibiting thrombin formation. Common anticoagulants discussed are heparin, low molecular weight heparins, warfarin, and fibrinolytics like streptokinase that lyse clots. Antiplatelet drugs like aspirin are also covered.
Enoxaparin
The document discusses enoxaparin training slides presented by Dr. B. K. Iyer. It covers topics like clotting, the clotting cascade, diseases where anticoagulants are used like heparin and enoxaparin, and the differences between unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparins. It explains how unfractionated heparin is heterogeneous while enoxaparin is a more uniform size, making it more predictable. Enoxaparin inhibits factor Xa more than thrombin and requires less monitoring than unfractionated heparin.
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Heparin And Tranexamic acid
- 1. Drugs affecting blood coagulation Presented by Naimat Afridi PHR-120142032 To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan 1
- 2. Heparine History Discovered in 1916 by Mc Lean. It was named Heparine because it was obtained from liver. In 1937 it was used for clinical purpose after purification Class Anticoagulant Forms of Heparin Unfractioned heparin ( UFH ) Low molecular heparin (LMWH I,e Enoxaparine ) To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan 2
- 3. Coagulation Cascade . To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan 3
- 4. Mechanism . To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan 4
- 5. Mechanism of UFH . To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan Unfractioned heparin (UFH) 5
- 6. Mechanism of LMWH ( Enoxaparine ) To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan LMH (Enoxaparin) 6
- 7. Indications ACS Unstable Angina DVT Prophylaxis of thrombosis To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan 7
- 8. Dosage form and Strength Heparin Injection 1000, 5000 & 20,000 IU inj. ( as sodium ) Dose DVT, pulmonary embolism, other intravascular coagulation disorders To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan Initial 5000---10000 units Maintanance 4000----5000 units LMWH (Enoxaparin) Injection 20mg , 40mg , 60mg , 80mg 8
- 9. Adverse effects HIT Haemorrhage ( Hematuria , GI bleeding Gum bleeding ) Osteoporosis Hypersensitivity Reactions Reversible Alopecia To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan 9
- 10. Interactions warfarin etc.. Cephalosporins Thrombolytic agent Aspirin NSAIDs To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan Increase Toxicity 10
- 11. Heparin Vs LMW-H ( Enoxaparin ) Low S/C bioavailibilty ( 20-30 % ) Short half life Laboratory monitoring is required Can be given in Renal failuer Pregnancy class C High S/C bioavailibilty ( 70-90 % ) Long half life Lab monitoring is not required Cant be given in Renal failuer Class B To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan 11
- 12. Tranexamic acid ( TXA ) TXA is a synthetic derivative of amino acid Lysine belong to class of Antifibrinolytic Agents Mechanism To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan TPA ( Tissue plasminogen activator ) 12
- 13. Dosage form and strength Capsule----------- 250mg Injection------------250mg Indications For prevention/control of excessive bleeding due to: Fibrinolytic drugs. Cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery. tooth extraction in haemophiliacs. Menorrhagia, especially due to IUCD. Recurrent epistaxis trauma, peptic ulcer. Post partum Heamorrhage To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan 13
- 14. Adverse effects Thromboembolic events ( DVT , PE etc ) Visual disturbances ( on prolong use ) Seizures Interactions With Anticoagulants ( antagonistic effect ) Mestranol ( increase toxicity ) To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan 14
- 15. . To: Sir. Muhammad Imran Khan 15