The document discusses amino acid metabolism and the catabolism of heme. It covers general reactions of amino acid metabolism including transamination, deamination, decarboxylation, and the urea cycle. It also discusses the catabolism of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and their metabolic disorders. Furthermore, it summarizes the catabolism of heme which involves the breakdown of hemoglobin to heme, then biliverdin by heme oxygenase, and bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Bilirubin is conjugated and excreted in urine and feces.

1. STUDY MATERIAL
ON
AMINO ACID METABOLISM
Presented By:
Ms. Sayali Dilip Powar
(M. Pharm )
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
@ Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy,
Warananagar
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2. General reactions of amino acid metabolism:
Transamination, deamination & decarboxylation, urea
cycle and its disorders
Catabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine and their
metabolic disorders (Phenyketonuria, Albinism,
alkeptonuria, tyrosinemia)
Synthesis and significance of biological substances; 5-
HT, melatonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline
Catabolism of heme; hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice
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3. Catabolism of Heme
• METABOLISM
• CATABOLISM
• ANABOLISM
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11. INTRODUCTION TO CATABOLISM OF
HEME
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13. HEME FUNCTIONS
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14. Catabolism of heme
• Hemoglobin  Heme
• Heme  Biliverdin by “Heme oxygenase”
• Biliverdin  Bilirubin by “Biliverdin reductase”
• Bilirubin  Bilirubin diglucuronide by “Bilirubin
glucuronyltransferase”
• Bilirubin diglucuronide  Urobilinogen by “Microbial
enzymes”
• Urobilinogen  Urobilin (To urine)
• Urobilinogen  Stercobilin (To feces)

15. BLOOD CELLS
Hemoglobin
Heme
INTESTINE AND KIDNEY
Urobilinogen
Urobilin
Excreted in Urine
Stercobilin
Excreted in Feces
Biliverdin
Bilirubin
LIVER
Bilirubin diglucuronide
Bilirubin

16. Catabolism of heme
• Bilirubin is a bile pigment, and is the excretory
end product of heme degradation.

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