Heart failure
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
26 likes•2,056 views
Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It results from conditions that damage or weaken the heart muscle such as hypertension, heart attack, or cardiomyopathy. Symptoms include dyspnea, fatigue, swelling, and weakness. Diagnosis involves chest x-rays, ECGs, and echocardiograms. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms with diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and addressing the underlying heart condition if possible through surgery or lifestyle changes.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Heart failure
treatment of Heart Failure, CCF,
Powerpoint presentation of Heart Failure
LVF
management of Heart failure
Heart Failure
This document provides an overview of heart failure, including its pathophysiology, types, clinical presentation, investigations, and management. Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs and can develop due to conditions that weaken the heart such as heart attacks or high blood pressure. Symptoms depend on whether the left side, right side, or both sides of the heart are affected. Management involves treating the underlying cause, reducing symptoms through medications, lifestyle changes, and addressing complications.
Heart Failure
Heart failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can be caused by structural or functional abnormalities of the heart. Common causes include coronary artery disease and hypertension. Symptoms vary depending on whether the left or right side of the heart is predominantly affected, but may include shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Diagnosis involves blood tests, electrocardiogram, chest x-ray, and echocardiogram. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, treating underlying causes, and medications like diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and beta-blockers. Prognosis depends on severity and can include complications like arrhythmias, kidney impairment, and cachexia.
Heart failure
Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to meet the body's needs. It can be systolic, caused by the ventricles' inability to contract properly, or diastolic, caused by the ventricles' inability to relax and fill normally. Symptoms depend on whether the left or right ventricle is affected. Management involves risk factor control, lifestyle changes, diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and sometimes surgical procedures like defibrillators or transplantation for severe cases.
Cardiomyopathy
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle where the heart loses its ability to pump blood effectively. There are three main types: dilated cardiomyopathy where the heart chambers enlarge over time and the heart weakens; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy where the heart muscle thickens abnormally; and restrictive cardiomyopathy where the ventricles become stiff. Symptoms include fatigue, edema, arrhythmias, and heart failure. Diagnosis involves tests like echocardiograms, EKGs and cardiac catheterization. Treatments focus on managing symptoms, slowing disease progression, and reducing complications through medications, lifestyle changes, surgery like septal myectomy, or heart transplant in severe cases.
6 cardiomyopathies
Cardiomyopathies are diseases of the heart muscle that result from various causes such as genetic defects, injury to heart muscle cells, or infiltration of heart tissue. There are several classifications of cardiomyopathies including dilated, hypertrophic, restrictive, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common type and results in enlarged heart chambers and impaired contraction. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by abnormal thickening of the heart muscle and can lead to obstruction of blood flow. Restrictive cardiomyopathy involves scarring or infiltration of the heart muscle which restricts the filling of the heart chambers. The document provides details on the definitions, causes, clinical presentations, diagnostic evaluations, and management of these
Pathophysiology of Heart failure
This document discusses heart failure, including its definition, causes, types, and compensatory mechanisms. Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can be caused by intrinsic pump failure, an increased workload on the heart, or impaired filling of the cardiac chambers. The types of heart failure include acute or chronic, right-sided or left-sided, and forward or backward failure. When the heart begins to fail, compensatory mechanisms such as cardiac hypertrophy, dilation, and increased heart rate attempt to maintain adequate blood circulation.
Heart failure
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome that develops when –
The heart can not maintain adequate output
or
Can do so only at the expense of elevated ventricular filling pressure
Recommended
Heart failure
treatment of Heart Failure, CCF,
Powerpoint presentation of Heart Failure
LVF
management of Heart failure
Heart Failure
This document provides an overview of heart failure, including its pathophysiology, types, clinical presentation, investigations, and management. Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs and can develop due to conditions that weaken the heart such as heart attacks or high blood pressure. Symptoms depend on whether the left side, right side, or both sides of the heart are affected. Management involves treating the underlying cause, reducing symptoms through medications, lifestyle changes, and addressing complications.
Heart Failure
Heart failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can be caused by structural or functional abnormalities of the heart. Common causes include coronary artery disease and hypertension. Symptoms vary depending on whether the left or right side of the heart is predominantly affected, but may include shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Diagnosis involves blood tests, electrocardiogram, chest x-ray, and echocardiogram. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, treating underlying causes, and medications like diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and beta-blockers. Prognosis depends on severity and can include complications like arrhythmias, kidney impairment, and cachexia.
Heart failure
Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to meet the body's needs. It can be systolic, caused by the ventricles' inability to contract properly, or diastolic, caused by the ventricles' inability to relax and fill normally. Symptoms depend on whether the left or right ventricle is affected. Management involves risk factor control, lifestyle changes, diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and sometimes surgical procedures like defibrillators or transplantation for severe cases.
Cardiomyopathy
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle where the heart loses its ability to pump blood effectively. There are three main types: dilated cardiomyopathy where the heart chambers enlarge over time and the heart weakens; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy where the heart muscle thickens abnormally; and restrictive cardiomyopathy where the ventricles become stiff. Symptoms include fatigue, edema, arrhythmias, and heart failure. Diagnosis involves tests like echocardiograms, EKGs and cardiac catheterization. Treatments focus on managing symptoms, slowing disease progression, and reducing complications through medications, lifestyle changes, surgery like septal myectomy, or heart transplant in severe cases.
6 cardiomyopathies
Cardiomyopathies are diseases of the heart muscle that result from various causes such as genetic defects, injury to heart muscle cells, or infiltration of heart tissue. There are several classifications of cardiomyopathies including dilated, hypertrophic, restrictive, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common type and results in enlarged heart chambers and impaired contraction. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by abnormal thickening of the heart muscle and can lead to obstruction of blood flow. Restrictive cardiomyopathy involves scarring or infiltration of the heart muscle which restricts the filling of the heart chambers. The document provides details on the definitions, causes, clinical presentations, diagnostic evaluations, and management of these
Pathophysiology of Heart failure
This document discusses heart failure, including its definition, causes, types, and compensatory mechanisms. Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can be caused by intrinsic pump failure, an increased workload on the heart, or impaired filling of the cardiac chambers. The types of heart failure include acute or chronic, right-sided or left-sided, and forward or backward failure. When the heart begins to fail, compensatory mechanisms such as cardiac hypertrophy, dilation, and increased heart rate attempt to maintain adequate blood circulation.
Heart failure
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome that develops when –
The heart can not maintain adequate output
or
Can do so only at the expense of elevated ventricular filling pressure
CHF
Congestive heart failure (CHF) results from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ventricle's ability to fill with or eject blood. It is diagnosed based on history, physical exam, chest x-ray, EKG, and echocardiogram. Treatment focuses on restoring normal cardiopulmonary physiology by using ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, and addressing pulmonary complications. Management involves evaluating the patient's stage of CHF and functional classification to determine appropriate pharmacotherapy and monitoring according to guidelines from the American Heart Association.
Heart failure
Heart failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can be caused by conditions that weaken the heart muscles. Symptoms depend on whether the left or right side of the heart is affected but may include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling of legs/abdomen. Diagnosis involves checking for elevated BNP, abnormalities on ECG/CXR, and reduced ejection fraction on echocardiogram. Treatment focuses on reducing pre/afterload, increasing cardiac output, restricting fluids/sodium, and controlling symptoms. For severe cases, devices, transplantation or specialized surgeries may be considered.
SUBBU HEART FAILURE
This document provides an overview of heart failure, including definitions, epidemiology, etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Heart failure is defined as a condition where the heart loses its ability to pump sufficient blood to the body. It may involve the left ventricle, right ventricle, or both, and can be acute or chronic. Common causes include coronary artery disease, defective heart valves, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, and hypertension. Diagnosis involves echocardiogram, BNP levels, and chest x-rays. Treatment includes lifestyle changes, medications to reduce preload and afterload, increase contractility, and eliminate fluid, as well as surgical procedures like angioplasty, bypass, or
Congestive cardiac failure
Congestive cardiac failure is a progressive condition caused by impaired cardiac pumping, often due to hypertension, coronary artery disease, or heart valve problems. It results in fluid overload and decreased tissue perfusion as the heart cannot generate enough oxygen to meet the body's demands. When fluid accumulates in the lungs, it causes pulmonary edema and respiratory issues. Signs and symptoms include fluid overload, shortness of breath, edema, and elevated jugular vein distension. Diagnosis involves examination, chest X-ray, EKG, echocardiogram, and blood tests. Treatment includes eliminating causes, reducing heart workload, optimizing medications, and preventing exacerbations. Surgical options are CABG, heart surgery, or transplant in severe
Heart failure
Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Heart Failure including Cor pulmonale
2 heart failure (2)
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can result from structural or functional problems with the heart ventricles. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. The prevalence of heart failure increases with age. It is classified based on ejection fraction and can have various causes like ischemic heart disease, hypertension, or cardiomyopathy. Multiple compensatory mechanisms are activated in response but ultimately lead to cardiac remodeling and further deterioration over time if left untreated. Management involves treating the underlying condition, reducing symptoms, and preventing further progression. Prognosis depends on severity of symptoms, with more severe cases having higher mortality rates.
Heart failure
This document discusses the classification, symptoms, and treatment of heart failure. It begins by classifying heart failure based on its onset (acute or chronic), which side of the heart is affected (left or right), and its severity according to the New York Heart Association stages. The main symptoms of heart failure are then described using the mnemonic "FACES" (fatigue, activities limited, chest congestion, edema, shortness of breath). The document goes on to outline pharmacological treatments including ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, spironolactone, diuretics, and digoxin. Non-pharmacological interventions like diet, exercise, and cardiac rehabilitation are also mentioned.
Ischemic heart diseases 2
1) Ischemic heart disease results from an imbalance between the heart's demand for oxygenated blood and the supply delivered by the coronary arteries, usually due to atherosclerotic plaque buildup.
2) It manifests as stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, or sudden cardiac death.
3) Myocardial infarction occurs when a blockage in a coronary artery results in prolonged ischemia and cell death in the heart muscle.
Valvular heart disease
This document discusses various types of valvular heart disease including stenosis, regurgitation, and specific valve diseases like mitral stenosis. It covers the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and diagnostic studies for each type. Treatment options discussed include medications, percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty, various surgical repair procedures like valvuloplasty, annuloplasty and chordoplasty, and valve replacements using mechanical or biologic prosthetic valves. Nursing management focuses on assessment, monitoring, education, and addressing diagnoses like activity intolerance and fluid overload.
Ventricular tachycardia, ventricular flutter, and ventricular fibrillation di...
Differential diagnosis and treatment of ventricular tachycardia, flutter, and ventricular fibrillation
Congestive cardiac Failure
1) Congestive heart failure results from structural or functional abnormalities that impair the heart's ability to pump or fill with blood adequately.
2) As a result, the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, leading to a buildup of fluid in the lungs or tissues.
3) Treatment focuses on lifestyle modifications, medications such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and device-based therapies as needed to manage symptoms and improve outcomes.
Aortic stenosis
This document discusses aortic stenosis, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It notes that aortic stenosis can be valvular, subvalvular, or supravalvular and can be caused by rheumatic fever, congenital defects, or age-related calcification. Common symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and murmurs. Diagnosis involves echocardiogram, EKG, chest X-ray and cardiac catheterization. Treatment options range from medication to manage symptoms, balloon valvuloplasty, or aortic valve replacement surgery.
Cardiogenic shock
Cardiogenic shock is a life-threatening condition caused by the heart's inability to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, usually due to a severe heart attack damaging the heart muscle. Symptoms include increased respiratory rate, decreased heart rate, decreased urine output, and decreased consciousness. Treatment focuses on oxygenation, increasing systemic vascular resistance through vasopressors like epinephrine and norepinephrine, and improving heart contractility with medications that activate beta-1 receptors. Preventing cardiogenic shock involves maintaining a healthy heart through lifestyle.
Congestive heart failure
This document provides an overview of heart failure, including its definition, epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, classification, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Heart failure is defined as when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It affects about 3-20 cases per 1000 people and is increasing in prevalence. Causes include intrinsic pump failure, increased workload on the heart, and impaired filling of cardiac chambers. Treatment involves pharmacological therapies like ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, diuretics, as well as non-pharmacological approaches like diet modification and exercise.
Heart failure
This document provides an overview of cardiac failure/congestive heart failure. It begins with an introduction and objectives. It then reviews heart anatomy and physiology, including the structure of the heart, conducting system, heart sounds, and ECG. It defines cardiac failure and discusses epidemiology, causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, classifications, diagnostic process, medical management, and complications. Nursing management is also addressed using the nursing process approach.
Acute coronary syndrome
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of death in India. Atherosclerosis underlies most CAD cases. Unstable angina and NSTEMI are types of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) caused by a reduction in oxygen supply to the heart. The clinical presentation of ACS can include chest pain and other symptoms. Diagnosis involves ECG, cardiac biomarkers, and risk stratification. Treatment focuses on anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy, and revascularization. Myocardial infarction (MI or heart attack) occurs when an atherosclerotic plaque ruptures completely blocking a coronary artery. This leads to necrosis of heart muscle cells. Diagnosis of MI requires specific ECG changes and elevated cardiac
cardiomyopathy
CARDIOMYOPATHY IS A SPECIAL ENTITY IN CARDIOLOGY.THIS WAS MY SEMINAR IN FIRST YEAR.HAVE A LOOK AFTER IT.
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
This document defines myocardial infarction and describes its types, causes, symptoms, complications, diagnostic tests, and treatment options. Myocardial infarction is the death of heart muscle caused by a blockage in one of the coronary arteries that reduces blood flow. It can be anterior, posterior, or other regions. Risk factors include smoking, hypertension, age, and diabetes. Symptoms include chest pain and shortness of breath. Complications include heart failure, arrhythmias, and cardiac rupture. Diagnosis involves electrocardiograms, blood tests of cardiac enzymes, and imaging tests. Treatment includes medications like aspirin, beta-blockers, and statins as well as surgical procedures like coronary artery bypass grafting and angioplasty
Heart failure
Heart failure is a common and serious condition where the heart muscle is unable to pump sufficiently. It can have multiple causes and the prevalence increases significantly with age. Prognosis remains poor with high mortality rates. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, signs, and testing like echocardiogram. Management focuses on general measures like diet, exercise, and reducing risk factors as well as specific treatments targeting the underlying cause and physiology of heart failure.
heart failure
Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It may involve problems with the left or right ventricle, or both. Common causes include heart damage from a heart attack or viral infection, and risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, and family history of cardiomyopathy. Symptoms vary depending on the severity but may include fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid accumulation in the lungs or other tissues. Diagnosis involves physical exam, imaging like echocardiogram, and blood tests to measure biomarkers. Treatment aims to relieve symptoms, reverse damage, and prevent worsening and includes medications, surgery, and lifestyle changes.
Heart failure / cardiac failure
Heart failure is a common condition where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can result from structural or functional disorders of the heart. The document provides details on the definition, causes, risk factors, pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnostic evaluation, classification systems, and treatment of heart failure. It emphasizes the importance of controlling risk factors, using medications such as ACE inhibitors and diuretics to manage symptoms, and making lifestyle changes like following a low-sodium diet and exercising regularly.
Pathophysiology of congestive heart failure
This document provides an overview of congestive heart failure, including its definition, types, causes, symptoms, complications, diagnosis, and treatment. Congestive heart failure occurs when the heart muscle is weakened and cannot pump blood effectively, leading to fluid buildup in tissues and organs. The main types are systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Common causes include hypertension, coronary artery disease, and valvular issues. Symptoms involve fatigue, shortness of breath, and swelling. Treatment focuses on medications like ACE inhibitors, diuretics, beta blockers, and lifestyle changes such as diet, exercise, and stress reduction.
More Related Content
What's hot
CHF
Congestive heart failure (CHF) results from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ventricle's ability to fill with or eject blood. It is diagnosed based on history, physical exam, chest x-ray, EKG, and echocardiogram. Treatment focuses on restoring normal cardiopulmonary physiology by using ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, and addressing pulmonary complications. Management involves evaluating the patient's stage of CHF and functional classification to determine appropriate pharmacotherapy and monitoring according to guidelines from the American Heart Association.
Heart failure
Heart failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can be caused by conditions that weaken the heart muscles. Symptoms depend on whether the left or right side of the heart is affected but may include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling of legs/abdomen. Diagnosis involves checking for elevated BNP, abnormalities on ECG/CXR, and reduced ejection fraction on echocardiogram. Treatment focuses on reducing pre/afterload, increasing cardiac output, restricting fluids/sodium, and controlling symptoms. For severe cases, devices, transplantation or specialized surgeries may be considered.
SUBBU HEART FAILURE
This document provides an overview of heart failure, including definitions, epidemiology, etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Heart failure is defined as a condition where the heart loses its ability to pump sufficient blood to the body. It may involve the left ventricle, right ventricle, or both, and can be acute or chronic. Common causes include coronary artery disease, defective heart valves, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, and hypertension. Diagnosis involves echocardiogram, BNP levels, and chest x-rays. Treatment includes lifestyle changes, medications to reduce preload and afterload, increase contractility, and eliminate fluid, as well as surgical procedures like angioplasty, bypass, or
Congestive cardiac failure
Congestive cardiac failure is a progressive condition caused by impaired cardiac pumping, often due to hypertension, coronary artery disease, or heart valve problems. It results in fluid overload and decreased tissue perfusion as the heart cannot generate enough oxygen to meet the body's demands. When fluid accumulates in the lungs, it causes pulmonary edema and respiratory issues. Signs and symptoms include fluid overload, shortness of breath, edema, and elevated jugular vein distension. Diagnosis involves examination, chest X-ray, EKG, echocardiogram, and blood tests. Treatment includes eliminating causes, reducing heart workload, optimizing medications, and preventing exacerbations. Surgical options are CABG, heart surgery, or transplant in severe
Heart failure
Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Heart Failure including Cor pulmonale
2 heart failure (2)
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can result from structural or functional problems with the heart ventricles. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. The prevalence of heart failure increases with age. It is classified based on ejection fraction and can have various causes like ischemic heart disease, hypertension, or cardiomyopathy. Multiple compensatory mechanisms are activated in response but ultimately lead to cardiac remodeling and further deterioration over time if left untreated. Management involves treating the underlying condition, reducing symptoms, and preventing further progression. Prognosis depends on severity of symptoms, with more severe cases having higher mortality rates.
Heart failure
This document discusses the classification, symptoms, and treatment of heart failure. It begins by classifying heart failure based on its onset (acute or chronic), which side of the heart is affected (left or right), and its severity according to the New York Heart Association stages. The main symptoms of heart failure are then described using the mnemonic "FACES" (fatigue, activities limited, chest congestion, edema, shortness of breath). The document goes on to outline pharmacological treatments including ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, spironolactone, diuretics, and digoxin. Non-pharmacological interventions like diet, exercise, and cardiac rehabilitation are also mentioned.
Ischemic heart diseases 2
1) Ischemic heart disease results from an imbalance between the heart's demand for oxygenated blood and the supply delivered by the coronary arteries, usually due to atherosclerotic plaque buildup.
2) It manifests as stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, or sudden cardiac death.
3) Myocardial infarction occurs when a blockage in a coronary artery results in prolonged ischemia and cell death in the heart muscle.
Valvular heart disease
This document discusses various types of valvular heart disease including stenosis, regurgitation, and specific valve diseases like mitral stenosis. It covers the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and diagnostic studies for each type. Treatment options discussed include medications, percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty, various surgical repair procedures like valvuloplasty, annuloplasty and chordoplasty, and valve replacements using mechanical or biologic prosthetic valves. Nursing management focuses on assessment, monitoring, education, and addressing diagnoses like activity intolerance and fluid overload.
Ventricular tachycardia, ventricular flutter, and ventricular fibrillation di...
Differential diagnosis and treatment of ventricular tachycardia, flutter, and ventricular fibrillation
Congestive cardiac Failure
1) Congestive heart failure results from structural or functional abnormalities that impair the heart's ability to pump or fill with blood adequately.
2) As a result, the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, leading to a buildup of fluid in the lungs or tissues.
3) Treatment focuses on lifestyle modifications, medications such as diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and device-based therapies as needed to manage symptoms and improve outcomes.
Aortic stenosis
This document discusses aortic stenosis, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It notes that aortic stenosis can be valvular, subvalvular, or supravalvular and can be caused by rheumatic fever, congenital defects, or age-related calcification. Common symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and murmurs. Diagnosis involves echocardiogram, EKG, chest X-ray and cardiac catheterization. Treatment options range from medication to manage symptoms, balloon valvuloplasty, or aortic valve replacement surgery.
Cardiogenic shock
Cardiogenic shock is a life-threatening condition caused by the heart's inability to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, usually due to a severe heart attack damaging the heart muscle. Symptoms include increased respiratory rate, decreased heart rate, decreased urine output, and decreased consciousness. Treatment focuses on oxygenation, increasing systemic vascular resistance through vasopressors like epinephrine and norepinephrine, and improving heart contractility with medications that activate beta-1 receptors. Preventing cardiogenic shock involves maintaining a healthy heart through lifestyle.
Congestive heart failure
This document provides an overview of heart failure, including its definition, epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, classification, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Heart failure is defined as when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It affects about 3-20 cases per 1000 people and is increasing in prevalence. Causes include intrinsic pump failure, increased workload on the heart, and impaired filling of cardiac chambers. Treatment involves pharmacological therapies like ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, diuretics, as well as non-pharmacological approaches like diet modification and exercise.
Heart failure
This document provides an overview of cardiac failure/congestive heart failure. It begins with an introduction and objectives. It then reviews heart anatomy and physiology, including the structure of the heart, conducting system, heart sounds, and ECG. It defines cardiac failure and discusses epidemiology, causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, classifications, diagnostic process, medical management, and complications. Nursing management is also addressed using the nursing process approach.
Acute coronary syndrome
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of death in India. Atherosclerosis underlies most CAD cases. Unstable angina and NSTEMI are types of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) caused by a reduction in oxygen supply to the heart. The clinical presentation of ACS can include chest pain and other symptoms. Diagnosis involves ECG, cardiac biomarkers, and risk stratification. Treatment focuses on anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy, and revascularization. Myocardial infarction (MI or heart attack) occurs when an atherosclerotic plaque ruptures completely blocking a coronary artery. This leads to necrosis of heart muscle cells. Diagnosis of MI requires specific ECG changes and elevated cardiac
cardiomyopathy
CARDIOMYOPATHY IS A SPECIAL ENTITY IN CARDIOLOGY.THIS WAS MY SEMINAR IN FIRST YEAR.HAVE A LOOK AFTER IT.
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
This document defines myocardial infarction and describes its types, causes, symptoms, complications, diagnostic tests, and treatment options. Myocardial infarction is the death of heart muscle caused by a blockage in one of the coronary arteries that reduces blood flow. It can be anterior, posterior, or other regions. Risk factors include smoking, hypertension, age, and diabetes. Symptoms include chest pain and shortness of breath. Complications include heart failure, arrhythmias, and cardiac rupture. Diagnosis involves electrocardiograms, blood tests of cardiac enzymes, and imaging tests. Treatment includes medications like aspirin, beta-blockers, and statins as well as surgical procedures like coronary artery bypass grafting and angioplasty
Heart failure
Heart failure is a common and serious condition where the heart muscle is unable to pump sufficiently. It can have multiple causes and the prevalence increases significantly with age. Prognosis remains poor with high mortality rates. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, signs, and testing like echocardiogram. Management focuses on general measures like diet, exercise, and reducing risk factors as well as specific treatments targeting the underlying cause and physiology of heart failure.
heart failure
Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It may involve problems with the left or right ventricle, or both. Common causes include heart damage from a heart attack or viral infection, and risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, and family history of cardiomyopathy. Symptoms vary depending on the severity but may include fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid accumulation in the lungs or other tissues. Diagnosis involves physical exam, imaging like echocardiogram, and blood tests to measure biomarkers. Treatment aims to relieve symptoms, reverse damage, and prevent worsening and includes medications, surgery, and lifestyle changes.
What's hot (20)
Ventricular tachycardia, ventricular flutter, and ventricular fibrillation di...
Ventricular tachycardia, ventricular flutter, and ventricular fibrillation di...
Viewers also liked
Heart failure / cardiac failure
Heart failure is a common condition where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can result from structural or functional disorders of the heart. The document provides details on the definition, causes, risk factors, pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnostic evaluation, classification systems, and treatment of heart failure. It emphasizes the importance of controlling risk factors, using medications such as ACE inhibitors and diuretics to manage symptoms, and making lifestyle changes like following a low-sodium diet and exercising regularly.
Pathophysiology of congestive heart failure
This document provides an overview of congestive heart failure, including its definition, types, causes, symptoms, complications, diagnosis, and treatment. Congestive heart failure occurs when the heart muscle is weakened and cannot pump blood effectively, leading to fluid buildup in tissues and organs. The main types are systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Common causes include hypertension, coronary artery disease, and valvular issues. Symptoms involve fatigue, shortness of breath, and swelling. Treatment focuses on medications like ACE inhibitors, diuretics, beta blockers, and lifestyle changes such as diet, exercise, and stress reduction.
History taking
This document outlines the process and components of taking a patient's medical history. It discusses introducing oneself to the patient, obtaining their chief complaint, history of present illness, past medical history, family history, drug history, and social history. It emphasizes listening to the patient, asking open-ended questions, avoiding medical terminology, and recording all information in the patient's own words. The goal is to accurately determine the etiology of the patient's illness based on their history.
Aortic stenosis
This document discusses aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation. It defines aortic stenosis as a narrowing of the aortic valve opening, with common causes being a bicuspid aortic valve, calcification, or rheumatic heart disease. Symptoms include angina, syncope, and dyspnea. Diagnosis involves echocardiography. Treatment options are balloon valvuloplasty or valve replacement. Aortic regurgitation is defined as retrograde blood flow through the aortic valve during diastole. Common causes are rheumatic fever, hypertension, or a bicuspid valve. Symptoms progress from palpitations to dyspnea. Physical exam may reveal a wide pulse pressure.
Stroke Community Presentation Guide[1]
The document discusses stroke, providing information about causes, symptoms, treatments, recovery, and prevention. It emphasizes that stroke is a medical emergency and calls for immediately dialing 911 at the first sign of symptoms. The "3 R's of Stroke" are to recognize symptoms, reduce risk factors, and respond quickly to get emergency treatment, as every minute matters in stroke treatment. Up to 80% of strokes are preventable through controlling risk factors like high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, smoking, cholesterol, and diabetes.
Rheumatic fever
This document discusses acute rheumatic carditis and chronic rheumatic heart disease. Acute rheumatic carditis can involve pericarditis, myocarditis, and endocarditis, especially of the mitral valve. In chronic rheumatic heart disease, the mitral valve is involved in 65-70% of cases, followed by the aortic valve in 25% of cases. Sydenham chorea is an involuntary movement disorder that can occur in 5-10% of rheumatic fever cases and involves semi-purposeful movements of the body, limbs, head and neck that disappear during sleep. Clarithromycin and azithromycin are alternative drugs that can be used for treatment in patients all
Aortic regurgitation
This document discusses aortic regurgitation (AR), which occurs when the aortic valve does not close properly, allowing blood to flow backward into the left ventricle. It can be caused by damage to the aortic valve leaflets or distortion of the aorta. Common causes include rheumatic heart disease, bicuspid aortic valves, hypertension, and Marfan syndrome. Over time, the left ventricle must work harder to compensate for the backflow of blood, which can lead to enlarged and weakened heart muscles. Symptoms may include palpitations, chest pain, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves listening for an early diastolic murmur and confirming the diagnosis with echocardiogram
Hypertension power point for module
This document provides information about hypertension for nursing students. It defines hypertension and prehypertension according to JNC 7 guidelines. It describes the differences between essential and secondary hypertension and lists some causes of secondary hypertension. It discusses the organ damage that can result from uncontrolled hypertension, including effects on the heart, brain, kidneys, and eyes. The document outlines treatment approaches including lifestyle changes and medications. It presents learning objectives and activities for students, including developing a nursing care plan for a hypertensive patient.
CPR2015 update: BLS, CPR Quality and First aid
This document summarizes the key recommendations from the 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines for CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Some of the major updates include emphasizing the importance of early CPR and defibrillation. It recommends compression-only CPR for untrained lay rescuers. For trained lay rescuers and healthcare providers, the recommendation is chest compressions combined with rescue breathing at a 30:2 ratio. Other updates address opioid overdoses, passive ventilation techniques, delays in rhythm checks, and use of feedback devices to optimize CPR performance.
CPR 2015 oleh Bram, MD, Anesthesiologist 20.01.16
Program Sub Komite Mutu, Komite Medik RS Awal Bros Batam
AHA CPR UPDATE 2015
The document summarizes updates to CPR guidelines from 2015, including:
1. For untrained lay rescuers, compression-only CPR is recommended, while trained lay rescuers should provide 30 compressions and 2 breaths.
2. Chest compressions should be performed at a rate of 100-120 per minute for adults, to a depth of at least 2 inches but not more than 2.4 inches.
3. Rescuers should avoid leaning on the chest between compressions to allow full chest wall recoil, and when using an advanced airway one breath should be given every 6 seconds during continuous chest compressions.
Heart failure
The document summarizes the past, present, and future of heart failure treatment. In the past (1950s-1970s), treatment focused on rest, sodium restriction, and drugs like digitalis and diuretics. Currently (2000s), guidelines recommend optimal medical therapy including ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, diuretics, and devices like ICDs, CRT, and LVADs which have improved outcomes. The future holds promise for gene and cell-based therapies, left ventricular assist devices, and prevention through understanding of genetic factors influencing heart failure.
Cpr 2015
This document summarizes guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and post-cardiac arrest care. It recommends performing chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute and a depth of 5-6 cm. Delayed ventilation without advanced airways for witnessed arrests with shockable rhythms is also suggested. Coronary angiography should be performed for comatose cardiac arrest patients and targeted temperature management at 32-36 degrees Celsius is recommended for 24 hours. Prognostication can begin 72 hours after cardiac arrest or return to normothermia for temperature-treated patients.
STROKE LECTURE By Arlyn M. Valencia, M.D. Associate Professo University Of Ne...
STROKE LECTURE By Arlyn M. Valencia, M.D. Associate Professo University Of Ne...Arlyn Valencia, M.D.
A detailed lecture on stroke epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, latest treatment strategies.ACLS 2015
This document provides guidelines for adult advanced cardiovascular life support. It recommends using maximal inspired oxygen during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and considering the use of physiologic parameters like capnography to monitor CPR quality and detect return of spontaneous circulation. Either a bag-mask device or advanced airway can be used for ventilation during CPR. Waveform capnography is the most reliable method for confirming advanced airway placement. Defibrillators are recommended for treating ventricular fibrillation and biphasic defibrillators are preferred. Epinephrine is reasonable for cardiac arrest patients, though high-dose steroids are uncertain benefit. An end-tidal CO2 less than 10 mmHg after 20
Cardiovascular System
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood through a closed circulatory system of arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Blood functions include transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide, fighting infection, clotting, maintaining blood pressure, and regulating temperature. The path of blood flow is from the vena cava to the right side of the heart, then to the lungs to receive oxygen, and from the lungs to the left side of the heart and out to the body via the aorta before returning to the heart. Common cardiovascular problems include atherosclerosis, hypertension,
HEART FAILURE
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome that results from any structural or functional impairment of the ventricle that reduces its ability to fill with or eject blood. It impacts over 5 million Americans with high costs of care. The key aspects are reduced cardiac output, ejection fraction, preload and afterload. Compensatory mechanisms initially help but eventually fail, leading to fluid overload and decompensation. Diagnosis involves history, exam, echocardiogram and blood tests. Treatment depends on symptoms and stages from risk factor modification to drug therapy and devices.
Hypertension
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, affects over 1 billion people worldwide and 65 million Americans. It increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, heart disease, and kidney disease. The document defines hypertension as a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or higher or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or higher. Risk factors include age, family history, obesity, smoking, excessive alcohol, stress, and a diet high in salt. Preventing hypertension involves maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, reducing salt intake, moderating alcohol, and regular blood pressure screenings.
Hypertension 2014
The document discusses guidelines for the treatment of hypertension. It provides a history of changes to major hypertension guidelines over time, including changes in target blood pressure levels and recommendations for first-line treatment options. It also reviews compelling indications for specific antihypertensive drug classes based on concomitant diseases or conditions. The guidelines emphasize lifestyle modifications and use of diuretics, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, or calcium channel blockers as preferred initial treatment options for most patients with hypertension.
Viewers also liked (20)
STROKE LECTURE By Arlyn M. Valencia, M.D. Associate Professo University Of Ne...
STROKE LECTURE By Arlyn M. Valencia, M.D. Associate Professo University Of Ne...
Similar to Heart failure
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure - Pathology - ATOT
Topic: Heart failure
Faculty: Pathology
Course: BSc ATOT- 2nd year
- Intro
- Types
- Causes
- Pathogenesis
- Mechanism of heart failure
CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE - DRUGS WITHOUT POSITIVE IONOTROPY
Congestive heart failure is a condition where the heart cannot supply enough blood to meet the body's needs. It is characterized by reduced cardiac output and increased peripheral resistance, progressing to edema. Treatment goals include alleviating symptoms, preventing remodeling and sudden death. Non-drug therapies include rest, weight loss, and a low sodium diet. Drug therapies target the renin-angiotensin system with ACE inhibitors and ARBs, reduce preload and edema with diuretics, and improve function with beta-blockers. While diuretics do not directly affect contractility, they reduce preload and edema. ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and vasodilators also improve pumping efficiency through various mechanisms.
Congestive cardiac failure
Congestive heart failure (CHF) occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can be left-sided or right-sided depending on whether the left or right ventricle is affected. Left-sided CHF causes fluid buildup in the lungs, while right-sided causes fluid buildup systemically. Risk factors include age, heart disease, diabetes, smoking, and others. Symptoms depend on whether it is left-sided (shortness of breath) or right-sided (edema). Treatment focuses on controlling symptoms through medications like ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, and lifestyle changes.
Congestive cardiac failure (CCF)
Congestive cardiac failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It results from structural or functional abnormalities of the heart. The key functions of the heart are to supply oxygen and substrates to tissues through adequate blood flow and receive blood returning from tissues. When the heart cannot fulfill these functions due to issues with its structure, filling, contractility, heart rate, or afterload, congestive cardiac failure develops. Common causes include coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, and valvular heart disease. Over time, compensatory mechanisms like increased sympathetic activity and fluid retention can worsen the condition. Treatment involves managing symptoms, improving cardiac function, and preventing further disease progression through medications, diet, exercise,
Understanding CARDIC FAILURE & HYPERTENSION.pptx
This document discusses the pathophysiology of hypertension and cardiac failure. It defines hypertension as a persistently elevated blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg. Sustained high blood pressure increases the workload on the heart and risks of heart failure, infarction, and vascular damage. Essential hypertension has no known cause in 90% of cases and involves factors like vascular endothelial dysfunction, renal issues, and neurohormonal changes. Treatment aims to reduce blood pressure and sodium levels. Cardiac failure results from decreased cardiac output and reserve. It can be compensated initially but leads to decompensation without treatment like diuretics. Pulmonary edema, right or left heart failure, and cardiac shock are complications if not managed.
A brief synopsis of acute decompensated heart failure
This document provides an overview of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). It defines ADHF as a clinical syndrome characterized by the development of respiratory distress due to rapidly accumulated fluid in the lungs. The document categorizes heart failure based on systolic vs diastolic function, left vs right sided, acute vs chronic onset, and NYHA functional classification. Common symptoms, physical exam findings, causes, risk factors, differential diagnoses, and initial investigations are described. Imaging findings on chest x-ray indicative of different stages of heart failure are also summarized.
CONGESTIVE CARDIAC FAILURE
This document provides information about heart failure including its definition, pathophysiology, types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and management. Heart failure is defined as impaired cardiac function that cannot maintain adequate circulation. The heart fails to pump sufficient blood due to reduced cardiac output and venous congestion. There are various compensatory mechanisms that work during early stages of heart failure to maintain blood flow such as the Frank-Starling mechanism and increased sympathetic activity. Common causes of heart failure include myocardial infarction, hypertension, valvular heart disease, and cardiomyopathy. Symptoms include shortness of breath, exercise intolerance, and swelling of the legs or abdomen. Diagnosis involves imaging like echocardiography and electrocardiography to evaluate cardiac
Congestive Heart Failure.pptx
Heart failure results from structural or functional abnormalities that impair the heart's ability to pump blood efficiently. It can involve systolic or diastolic dysfunction. As the heart pumps less effectively, blood moves through the heart and body more slowly and pressure builds up in the heart. This prevents the heart from supplying enough oxygen and nutrients to meet the body's needs. Heart failure prevalence is increasing and is a major cause of hospitalization. Risk factors include coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking. Symptoms depend on whether the left or right side of the heart is predominantly affected and include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling, and irregular heart rhythms. Diagnosis involves echocardiogram, BNP levels, chest x-
Heart failure
Heart failure, also known as cardiac decompensation or cardiac insufficiency, occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can be caused by conditions that impair the heart muscle's ability to contract effectively or limit ventricular filling. Symptoms vary depending on whether the left or right ventricle is primarily affected and include dyspnea, fatigue, edema and others. Diagnostic tests may include echocardiography, ECG, chest x-ray and BNP level. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, slowing disease progression, and preventing hospitalizations through lifestyle changes and medication.
Management of heart failure 23.02.24.pptx
this is a powerpoint describing the latest advances in management of heart failure.
Pathophysiology of Heart failure notes
Definition, etiology, sign and symptoms, pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of heart failure
shock cme.pptx
Shock is an acute condition characterized by inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues due to low blood flow. The main types of shock in children are hypovolemic, septic, cardiogenic, distributive, and obstructive. Septic shock is a leading cause of mortality worldwide in children. Early recognition and intervention, including fluid resuscitation and inotropic support, as well as treating any underlying infection, are important to prevent progression to uncompensated shock and organ failure. Outcomes have improved with educational efforts promoting rapid evaluation and management.
Cardiac failure
Cardiac Failure Concise slide
Content From the Book (Medical Diagnoses & Management By Inam Danish)
Congestive heart failure basics
1) Congestive heart failure results from any structural or functional abnormality that impairs the ventricle's ability to eject or fill with blood.
2) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a role in the vicious cycle of congestive heart failure by stimulating sodium and water retention.
3) Treatment for systolic heart failure involves correcting underlying factors, lifestyle modifications, and maximizing medications like loop diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and aldosterone antagonists.
Hf etiology-dx-rx
The document provides an overview of heart failure, including its etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses the incidence and prevalence of heart failure, common causes, compensatory mechanisms in the body, assessment methods, and current treatment approaches such as medications, device therapies, and lifestyle modifications. The goal is to educate medical practitioners on managing the complex clinical syndrome of heart failure.
Heart failure basics
1) Congestive heart failure results from any structural or functional abnormality that impairs the ventricle's ability to eject or fill with blood.
2) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a role in the vicious cycle of congestive heart failure by stimulating sodium and water retention.
3) Treatment for systolic heart failure involves lifestyle modifications, medications like diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and devices or transplantation for refractory cases.
UNIT - II.pptx
The document defines hypertension and describes its types, etiology, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It defines primary and secondary hypertension. Primary hypertension results from genetic and environmental factors that impact renal and vascular function. Secondary hypertension is caused by underlying organ diseases. The document also discusses malignant hypertension, isolated systolic hypertension, heart failure, its causes and types, angina, its types and pathophysiology. Treatment involves lifestyle changes and medications.
CVS pathology -4 Hypertension (HTN) 2019, sufia husain
The document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure), including its definition, risk factors, causes, classification, pathogenesis, effects on organs, and complications. It notes that hypertension has no symptoms in early stages but can damage organs over time, leading to heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and retinal damage. Uncontrolled high blood pressure is also defined as malignant hypertension, which can cause rapid organ damage within years.
Cardiovascular system
This PPT is on Cardiovascular System ,prepared By Dr.A.R.Joshi & uploaded by Prof.Dr.R.R.Deshpande on 25-8-13
Similar to Heart failure (20)
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure - Pathology - ATOT
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure - Pathology - ATOT
CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE - DRUGS WITHOUT POSITIVE IONOTROPY
CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE - DRUGS WITHOUT POSITIVE IONOTROPY
A brief synopsis of acute decompensated heart failure
A brief synopsis of acute decompensated heart failure
ACUTE HEART FAILURE presentation (1) copy copy.pptx
ACUTE HEART FAILURE presentation (1) copy copy.pptx
CVS pathology -4 Hypertension (HTN) 2019, sufia husain
CVS pathology -4 Hypertension (HTN) 2019, sufia husain
More from Satish Kamboj
Laboratory management
This document discusses quality management in medical laboratories. It emphasizes that laboratory results must be accurate, reliable and timely to ensure quality patient care. A quality management system must address all aspects of laboratory operations including personnel, facilities, equipment, documents and records. Implementing standards from organizations like ISO and CLSI can help laboratories effectively manage quality. Maintaining quality requires coordinating all steps in testing from sample collection to reporting results.
Laboratory management in kamboj Haryana SIGMA DIAGNOSTICS
LABORATORY MANAGEMENT
This concise summary of the most common clinical laboratory management topics emphasizes the need for the entry-level laboratory practitioner to be aware of the financial, personnel, operational, and marketing issues affecting the laboratory in order to successfully perform and compete in the rapidly changing health care environment. Using examples, case studies, and commentaries, this book covers all topics relevant to laboratory management, including professionalism, ethics, employment interviews and selection, diversity, stress management, team building, communication and interpersonal relationships, public relations, scheduling, quality control, information systems, and legal considerations. Medical technologists and clinical laboratory scientists with less than 3 years' experience would benefit from this discussion of basic management topics.
Non Invasive Ventilation indications
Critically ill patients requiring noninvasive or invasive ventilation often present to emergency departments, and due to hospital crowding and constrained critical care services, may remain in the emergency department for a prolonged duration. Compared with their intensive care unit counterparts, emergency department clinicians may have variable exposure to management of this patient population and may lack knowledge and expertise, particularly in their
longitudinal management beyond initial stabilization. This
review has discussed several key aspects of management
of noninvasive and invasive ventilation, with a particular emphasis on initiation and ongoing monitoring priorities,
and focused on maintaining patient safety and improving
patient outcomes.
Santosh hospital ppt in malaria
This document provides guidelines for the treatment of malaria in India. It discusses that malaria is a major public health problem, with about 1.5 million confirmed cases reported annually. The most severe form is caused by Plasmodium falciparum, which accounts for 50% of cases. The guidelines cover the malaria life cycle, symptoms, diagnosis methods like microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests, treatment for different species including P. vivax and for uncomplicated and severe cases, and chemoprophylaxis recommendations. It recommends artemisinin-based combination therapy as the first-line treatment and emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
Fluid therapy in medical disorders
As diarrheal fluid is rich in sodium, bicarbonate and potassium diarrhea leads to hypokalemic hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with dehydration. Mild dehydration: up to 5% total body water (2 to 3L in 70kg man) Normal mental state, dry mucous membranes, usually thirsty, blood pressure and heart rate normal, lower than normal urine output and skin turgor almost normal.
Moderate dehydration: 5-10% total body water (4 to 5 L in 70kg man) Disinterest in surrounding, can be drowsy, increased heart rate and respiratory rate, orthostatic hypotension, decreased skin turgor and reduced urine output
Severe dehydration: 10-15% total body water (7 to 8 L in 70kg man) Reduced conscious level, fast heart rate, low blood pressure, respiratory distress and oliguria/anuria
Prosnine13
The document provides information about admissions to nursing courses offered at the National Institute of Nursing Education (NINE) located in Chandigarh, India. It details the application process, eligibility criteria, number of seats, and schedule for entrance exams and interviews for the M.Sc. Nursing, B.Sc. Nursing (Post Basic), and B.Sc. Nursing (4 years) courses beginning in 2013. Key information includes application fees, last dates for submission, and instructions on depositing fees and submitting completed applications.
Antibiotics basics for clinicians
Here are the key steps I would follow in selecting an appropriate antibiotic for a patient:
1. Determine if antibiotic treatment is truly necessary based on diagnosis, severity of symptoms, risk factors for complications, etc. Not all infections require antibiotics.
2. Consider the most likely causative organism(s) based on infection type, patient factors, local resistance patterns. Select an antibiotic with appropriate spectrum of activity.
3. Check for any antibiotic allergies and select an agent from a different class if needed.
4. Adjust for special populations like pregnancy, renal dysfunction, liver disease - may need to avoid certain drugs, lower doses, or extend intervals.
5. Determine dosage, administration route, frequency and treatment
More from Satish Kamboj (7)
Laboratory management in kamboj Haryana SIGMA DIAGNOSTICS
Laboratory management in kamboj Haryana SIGMA DIAGNOSTICS
Recently uploaded
定制(wsu毕业证书)美国华盛顿州立大学毕业证学位证书实拍图原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(wsu毕业证书)美国华盛顿州立大学毕业证、学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Champions of Health Spotlight On Leaders Shaping Germany's Healthcare.pdf
This edition features a handful of Champions of Health: Spotlight On Leaders Shaping Germany's Healthcare that are leading us into a better future.
NEEDLE STICK INJURY - JOURNAL CLUB PRESENTATION - DR SHAMIN EABENSON
NEEDLE STICK INJURY - JOURNAL CLUB PRESENTATION - DR SHAMIN EABENSON
Hypotension and role of physiotherapy in it
This particular slides consist of- what is hypotension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is the summary of hypotension:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is when the pressure of blood circulating in the body is lower than normal or expected. It's only a problem if it negatively impacts the body and causes symptoms. Normal blood pressure is usually between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg, but pressures below 90/60 are generally considered hypotensive.
Stem Cell Solutions: Dr. David Greene's Path to Non-Surgical Cardiac Care
Explore the groundbreaking work of Dr. David Greene, a pioneer in regenerative medicine, who is revolutionizing the field of cardiology through stem cell therapy in Arizona. This ppt delves into how Dr. Greene's innovative approach is providing non-surgical, effective treatments for heart disease, using the body's own cells to repair heart damage and improve patient outcomes. Learn about the science behind stem cell therapy, its benefits over traditional cardiac surgeries, and the promising future it holds for modern medicine. Join us as we uncover how Dr. Greene's commitment to stem cell research and therapy is setting new standards in healthcare and offering new hope to cardiac patients.
Can Allopathy and Homeopathy Be Used Together in India.pdf
This article explores the potential for combining allopathy and homeopathy in India, examining the benefits, challenges, and the emerging field of integrative medicine.
Pneumothorax and role of Physiotherapy in it.
This particular slides consist of- what is Pneumothorax,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is a summary of Pneumothorax:
Pneumothorax, also known as a collapsed lung, is a condition that occurs when air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall. This air buildup puts pressure on the lung, preventing it from expanding fully when you breathe. A pneumothorax can cause a complete or partial collapse of the lung.
Dr. David Greene R3 stem cell Breakthroughs: Stem Cell Therapy in Cardiology
Dr. David Greene, founder and CEO of R3 Stem Cell, is at the forefront of groundbreaking research in the field of cardiology, focusing on the transformative potential of stem cell therapy. His latest work emphasizes innovative approaches to treating heart disease, aiming to repair damaged heart tissue and improve heart function through the use of advanced stem cell techniques. This research promises not only to enhance the quality of life for patients with chronic heart conditions but also to pave the way for new, more effective treatments. Dr. Greene's work is notable for its focus on safety, efficacy, and the potential to significantly reduce the need for invasive surgeries and long-term medication, positioning stem cell therapy as a key player in the future of cardiac care.
Top massage center in ajman chandrima Spa
We are one of the top Massage Spa Ajman Our highly skilled, experienced, and certified massage therapists from different corners of the world are committed to serving you with a soothing and relaxing experience. Luxuriate yourself at our spas in Sharjah and Ajman, which are indeed enriched with an ambiance of relaxation and tranquility. We could confidently claim that we are one of the most affordable Spa Ajman and Sharjah as well, where you can book the massage session of your choice for just 99 AED at any time as we are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Visit : https://massagespaajman.com/
Call : 052 987 1315
Rate Controlled Drug Delivery Systems.pdf
Rate Controlled Drug Delivery Systems, Activation Modulated Drug Delivery Systems, Mechanically activated, pH activated, Enzyme activated, Osmotic activated Drug Delivery Systems, Feedback regulated Drug Delivery Systems systems are discussed here.
Luxurious Spa In Ajman Chandrima Massage Center
Chandrima Spa Ajman is one of the leading Massage Center in Ajman, which is open 24 hours exclusively for men. Being one of the most affordable Spa in Ajman, we offer Body to Body massage, Kerala Massage, Malayali Massage, Indian Massage, Pakistani Massage Russian massage, Thai massage, Swedish massage, Hot Stone Massage, Deep Tissue Massage, and many more. Indulge in the ultimate massage experience and book your appointment today. We are confident that you will leave our Massage spa feeling refreshed, rejuvenated, and ready to take on the world.
Visit : https://massagespaajman.com/
Call : 052 987 1315
Feeding plate for a newborn with Cleft Palate.pptx
A feeding plate is a prosthetic device used for newborns with a cleft palate to assist in feeding and improve nutrition intake. From a prosthodontic perspective, this plate acts as a barrier between the oral and nasal cavities, facilitating effective sucking and swallowing by providing a more normal anatomical structure. It helps to prevent milk from entering the nasal passage, thereby reducing the risk of aspiration and enhancing the infant's ability to feed efficiently. The feeding plate also aids in the development of the oral muscles and can contribute to better growth and weight gain. Its custom fabrication and proper fitting by a prosthodontist are crucial for ensuring comfort and functionality, as well as for minimizing potential complications. Early intervention with a feeding plate can significantly improve the quality of life for both the infant and the parents.
MBC Support Group for Black Women – Insights in Genetic Testing.pdf
Christina Spears, breast cancer genetic counselor at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, joined us for the MBC Support Group for Black Women to discuss the importance of genetic testing in communities of color and answer pressing questions.
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardso...
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardso...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest VersionTEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - ...
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - ...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - 34.RECENT ADVANCES IN BREAST CANCER RADIOTHERAPY
ULTRA HYPOFRACTIONATION
Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation: :Brachytherapy
UK FAST FORWARD
Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.
This particular slides consist of- what is hypertension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is summary of hypertension -
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood pressure in the body's arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels as the heart pumps it. Hypertension can increase the risk of heart disease, brain disease, kidney disease, and premature death.
Recently uploaded (20)
Bringing AI into a Mid-Sized Company: A structured Approach
Bringing AI into a Mid-Sized Company: A structured Approach
Champions of Health Spotlight On Leaders Shaping Germany's Healthcare.pdf
Champions of Health Spotlight On Leaders Shaping Germany's Healthcare.pdf
NEEDLE STICK INJURY - JOURNAL CLUB PRESENTATION - DR SHAMIN EABENSON
NEEDLE STICK INJURY - JOURNAL CLUB PRESENTATION - DR SHAMIN EABENSON
Stem Cell Solutions: Dr. David Greene's Path to Non-Surgical Cardiac Care
Stem Cell Solutions: Dr. David Greene's Path to Non-Surgical Cardiac Care
Can Allopathy and Homeopathy Be Used Together in India.pdf
Can Allopathy and Homeopathy Be Used Together in India.pdf
Dr. David Greene R3 stem cell Breakthroughs: Stem Cell Therapy in Cardiology
Dr. David Greene R3 stem cell Breakthroughs: Stem Cell Therapy in Cardiology
Feeding plate for a newborn with Cleft Palate.pptx
Feeding plate for a newborn with Cleft Palate.pptx
MBC Support Group for Black Women – Insights in Genetic Testing.pdf
MBC Support Group for Black Women – Insights in Genetic Testing.pdf
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardso...
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardso...
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - ...
TEST BANK FOR Health Assessment in Nursing 7th Edition by Weber Chapters 1 - ...
Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.
Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.
Heart failure
- 2. Heart Failure It is the pethophysiological process in which the heart as a pump is unable to meet the metabolic requirement of tissues for oxygen
- 3. End result is fluid retention C.O. Activation of SNS HR Renal blood flow Renin angiotensin system activation V.C. Salt & water retention V.C.
- 4. CAUSES 1. Vascular 2. Valvular 3. Cardiomyopathy 4. Congenital heart disease 5. Hypertension 6. Cardiac arrhythmia 7. Infective 8. Infiltrative disease of heart
- 5. Precipitating factors 1. Increase demand Anaemia Fever Infection Salt intake Thyrotoxicosis Pregnancy 2. Arrhythmia 3. Alcohol Ingestion 4. Thiamine Deficiency 5. Uncontrolled HTN 6. Drugs Beta adrenergic blockers Salt retaining drugs e.g. steroids, NSAIDS
- 6. Classifying Heart Failure 1. RHF v/s LHF 2. Low output v/s High output 3. Acute v/s Chronic 4. Systolic v/s Diastolic 5. Forward v/s Backward
- 7. Pathophysiology Left heart failure failure of forward flow from LV into the aorta leads to LV pressure . This pressure is transmitted to LA/ P. vein. pressure in pulmonary capillaries Exudation of fluid in alveolar air sac dyspnoea In sufficient blood pumped into aorta leads to hypotension & poor perfusion & oxygenation
- 8. Pathophysiology Right heart failure Pressure in RV Pressure in RA SVC & IVC JVP & Congestive symptoms
- 9. 1. Dyspnoea 2. PND 3. Swelling over dependent part 4. Fatigue & Weakness 5. Anorexia & Nausea 6. Cerebral symptoms 7. Chyne stokes respiration CLINICAL FEATURES
- 12. SIGNS Edema
- 14. SIGNS Cardiac 3rd heart sound may be audible Abdomen Liver is enlarged & tender
- 18. Treatment 1. Removal of precipitating causes 2. Correction of underlying cause Surgical correction CABG 3. Control of congestive heart failure states Restriction of Physical Activity Diet Pharmaco therapy
- 19. Treatment Pharmaco therapy Diuretics ACE inhibitors Beta blockers Inotropic drugs vasodilators
- 20. Thank you