Heart external features
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This is the PPT showing external features of the heart. parts of heart - Apex, Base, 3 surfaces, 4 borders grooves of heart - coronary groove lodges coronary artery, coronary sinus, small cardiac vein. anterior and posterior interventricular grooves lodges Great and middle cardiac veins, and branches of coronary art. crux is meeting point of coronary sinus with posterior interventricular sulcus.
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The heart,external features
The heart is a hollow, pyramidal-shaped organ located in the thoracic cavity. It is composed of 4 chambers - the right and left atria which receive blood, and the right and left ventricles which pump blood out of the heart. The heart has external features including an apex, base, surfaces and borders that divide the surfaces. The apex points downward and leftward. The base is posterior. The surfaces are sternocostal, diaphragmatic, right and left pulmonary. Borders include right, left, superior and inferior borders. The heart is about the size of a clenched fist.
The heart chambers
The document describes the structure and features of the heart chambers. It states that the heart is composed of 4 chambers - the right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle. Blood enters the atria and is then pumped into the ventricles. From the left ventricle, blood passes into the aorta for systemic circulation, and from the right it enters the pulmonary circulation via the pulmonary arteries. Each chamber has distinct internal and external features and relations to other cardiac structures. The septa divide the atrial and ventricular chambers.
arch of aorta
The arch of the aorta begins at the level of the sternal angle and arches over the root of the left lung in the superior mediastinum. It begins as the continuation of the ascending aorta and passes up, back, and left before turning backwards and downwards to become the descending aorta at the level of T4. It has anterior relations to the left lung and pleura and posterior relations to the trachea, esophagus, and thoracic duct. Its branches include the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery.
Chambers of heart
The heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. The right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle.
Gross anatomy of heart
The document provides an overview of heart anatomy. It describes the heart's location in the thorax and its dimensions. The four chambers - right and left atria and ventricles - are introduced. Each chamber's function is summarized as receiving or pumping blood. The three layers of the heart - epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium - are defined. The cardiac skeleton is described as a fibrous structure that partitions the chambers and anchors the heart valves.
Anatomy of Pericardium
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart and roots of the great vessels. It has two layers - an outer fibrous pericardium and inner serous pericardium. The serous pericardium further divides into the parietal pericardium fused to the fibrous layer and the visceral pericardium lining the fibrous layer and covering the heart. Between these layers is the pericardial cavity lubricated with fluid. The pericardium supports and protects the heart, and its layers are supplied by nerves and blood vessels.
Right atrium of heart
Right Atrium of human heart
This PPT help to understand the external and internal structures of right atrium.
sulcus terminalis on external surface of rt atrium,
crista terminalis on internal side of rt. atrium,
interior is divided into rough anterior part and smooth posterior part ( sinus venarum)
superior and inferior venae cavae drains deoxygenated blood into rt. atrim
there is Eustachian valve to guard the opening of IVC and Thebesian valve to guard the opening of coronary sinus
septal wall presents fossa ovalis with its border limbus fossa ovalis
External features of heart
The pericardium is a fibroserous sac that surrounds the heart. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer and inner serous layer composed of parietal and visceral layers. Between these layers are two pericardial sinuses. The heart is located in the middle mediastinum and has four chambers - two atria and two ventricles. It has surfaces including the anterior, posterior, diaphragmatic and borders formed by the different chambers. Major structures like the coronary arteries and veins are located in grooves on the heart surfaces.
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The heart,external features
The heart is a hollow, pyramidal-shaped organ located in the thoracic cavity. It is composed of 4 chambers - the right and left atria which receive blood, and the right and left ventricles which pump blood out of the heart. The heart has external features including an apex, base, surfaces and borders that divide the surfaces. The apex points downward and leftward. The base is posterior. The surfaces are sternocostal, diaphragmatic, right and left pulmonary. Borders include right, left, superior and inferior borders. The heart is about the size of a clenched fist.
The heart chambers
The document describes the structure and features of the heart chambers. It states that the heart is composed of 4 chambers - the right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle. Blood enters the atria and is then pumped into the ventricles. From the left ventricle, blood passes into the aorta for systemic circulation, and from the right it enters the pulmonary circulation via the pulmonary arteries. Each chamber has distinct internal and external features and relations to other cardiac structures. The septa divide the atrial and ventricular chambers.
arch of aorta
The arch of the aorta begins at the level of the sternal angle and arches over the root of the left lung in the superior mediastinum. It begins as the continuation of the ascending aorta and passes up, back, and left before turning backwards and downwards to become the descending aorta at the level of T4. It has anterior relations to the left lung and pleura and posterior relations to the trachea, esophagus, and thoracic duct. Its branches include the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery.
Chambers of heart
The heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. The right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle.
Gross anatomy of heart
The document provides an overview of heart anatomy. It describes the heart's location in the thorax and its dimensions. The four chambers - right and left atria and ventricles - are introduced. Each chamber's function is summarized as receiving or pumping blood. The three layers of the heart - epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium - are defined. The cardiac skeleton is described as a fibrous structure that partitions the chambers and anchors the heart valves.
Anatomy of Pericardium
The pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart and roots of the great vessels. It has two layers - an outer fibrous pericardium and inner serous pericardium. The serous pericardium further divides into the parietal pericardium fused to the fibrous layer and the visceral pericardium lining the fibrous layer and covering the heart. Between these layers is the pericardial cavity lubricated with fluid. The pericardium supports and protects the heart, and its layers are supplied by nerves and blood vessels.
Right atrium of heart
Right Atrium of human heart
This PPT help to understand the external and internal structures of right atrium.
sulcus terminalis on external surface of rt atrium,
crista terminalis on internal side of rt. atrium,
interior is divided into rough anterior part and smooth posterior part ( sinus venarum)
superior and inferior venae cavae drains deoxygenated blood into rt. atrim
there is Eustachian valve to guard the opening of IVC and Thebesian valve to guard the opening of coronary sinus
septal wall presents fossa ovalis with its border limbus fossa ovalis
External features of heart
The pericardium is a fibroserous sac that surrounds the heart. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer and inner serous layer composed of parietal and visceral layers. Between these layers are two pericardial sinuses. The heart is located in the middle mediastinum and has four chambers - two atria and two ventricles. It has surfaces including the anterior, posterior, diaphragmatic and borders formed by the different chambers. Major structures like the coronary arteries and veins are located in grooves on the heart surfaces.
The aorta
The aorta is the largest artery that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle throughout the body. It can be divided into four sections - the ascending aorta, aortic arch, thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta. The aortic arch arises from the ascending aorta and curves superiorly, posteriorly and to the left before descending as the thoracic aorta. It gives off three branches - the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery. The thoracic aorta continues down through the thoracic cavity and passes through the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm to become the abdominal aorta.
Anatomy of right atrium
This document provides an anatomical overview of the right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, and tricuspid valve. It describes the external features and internal structures of the right atrium, including its tributaries that receive venous blood. It notes the smooth posterior sinus venarum and rough anterior pectinate part. It also describes the components, surface markings, and location of the tricuspid and pulmonary valves. Finally, it outlines the triangular shape of the right ventricle and notes its inflowing and outflow parts, as well as the muscular ridges within.
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The document provides an overview of the anatomy of the heart. It describes the heart as a hollow muscular organ divided into four chambers - the right and left atria and ventricles. Each chamber is then described in detail, including its size, location within the heart, internal structures like valves and openings, and relations to other cardiovascular structures. Key components summarized include the four chambers, their internal structures like valves and openings, and basic relations to surrounding areas in the thoracic cavity.
Arch of aorta
The arch of the aorta begins behind the upper border of the second right sternochondral joint and arches over the root of the left lung before ending at the lower border of the fourth thoracic vertebra. It has anterior relations including nerves and veins and posterior relations such as the trachea and esophagus. Its main branches are the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery. Developmental anomalies of the arch of the aorta include right sided aortic arch, double aortic arch, abnormal origin of the right subclavian artery, and coarctation of the aorta.
heart anatomy pdf.pdf
The heart has four chambers - right and left atria receive blood returning from the body and lungs respectively, and pump it to the right and left ventricles which pump blood to the lungs and body. It is located in the mediastinum and surrounded by membranes. The heart wall has three layers - epicardium, myocardium and endocardium. The sinoatrial node initiates electrical impulses which travel through pathways to coordinate contractions. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium and is pumped to the lungs, then returns oxygenated to the left atrium to be pumped through the body by the left ventricle.
Thoracic aorta
The thoracic aorta begins where the aortic arch ends at the fourth thoracic vertebrae and extends down to the diaphragm. It supplies blood to the thoracic cavity and has several important branches including the bronchial arteries which supply the lungs, esophageal arteries which supply the esophagus, and posterior intercostal arteries which supply the spaces between the ribs. The thoracic aorta also gives off mediastinal and pericardial branches before passing through the diaphragm and becoming the abdominal aorta.
2. External features of the heart
The heart is a hollow muscular organ located in the mediastinum. It has 4 chambers - right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle. The heart is divided by septa into these chambers. The heart has surfaces including the sternocostal surface and diaphragmatic surface. It receives blood supply from the right and left coronary arteries. Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart via the coronary sinus and associated veins which drain into the right atrium.
Superior vena cava
The superior vena cava receives deoxygenated blood from the upper body and delivers it to the right atrium. It is formed by the merging of the brachiocephalic veins and descends through the thoracic region into the right atrium. Its tributaries include the brachiocephalic veins, azygos vein, and intercostal veins. Obstruction of the superior vena cava can result in the development of collateral pathways through the azygos vein or between tributaries of the superior and inferior vena cavae.
Anatomy of The Diaphragm
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped musculotendinous sheet that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It has peripheral muscular parts and a central tendinous portion. It arises from the lumbar vertebrae, ribs, sternum and xiphoid process. The diaphragm inserts into its central tendon. It contains openings for structures like the aorta, inferior vena cava and esophagus. The diaphragm is innervated by the phrenic nerves and functions in respiration and exertion. Clinical implications include hernias, hiccups and paralysis.
Anatomy of kidney
The kidneys are paired retroperitoneal organs located on the posterior abdominal wall. Each kidney has an outer renal cortex and inner renal medulla divided into renal pyramids. The kidneys receive blood supply from the renal arteries which branch into segmental and lobar arteries before branching further. Blood exits via interlobar, arcuate and interlobular veins into the renal veins which drain into the inferior vena cava. The kidneys are surrounded by fibrous capsules and perirenal fat and have anterior relations to other abdominal organs and posterior relations to the vertebral column and muscles.
anatomy of Left atrium and left ventricle of the human heart
left atrium- interior of auricle is rough due to musculi pectinate, rest chamber is smooth. fossa lunate is present on septal wall. 4 pulmonary veins open on posterior wall.
left ventricle- inflowing part is rough due to mitral or bicuspid valve apparatus, trabeculae carneae.
outflowing part is smooth called infundibulum. ascending aorta starts from infundibulum. aortic valve guards opening of ascending aorta
1. pericardium
The pericardium is a fibroserous sac that surrounds the heart and roots of the great vessels. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer that is firmly attached to nearby structures, and an inner serous layer divided into parietal and visceral layers with a lubricating fluid between them. The pericardium restricts heart movement and provides a friction-free container for the heart to contract within.
Internal feature of right and left atria
This document provides information about the anatomy and structures of the right and left atria of the heart. It discusses the key internal features of each atrium, including chambers, valves, veins and arteries, muscle structures, and other anatomical landmarks. It also briefly explains some clinical significance of atrial structures, mentioning how abnormalities like atrial septal defects or atrial fibrillation can impact blood flow and cardiac output. The document aims to educate the reader on the basic internal structures of the atria and their relationships to clinical functions.
Arteries of upper limb
The document summarizes the arterial supply of the upper limb. It begins with the axillary artery, which arises from the subclavian artery and passes through the axilla. It then becomes the brachial artery, which gives off branches like the profunda brachii before terminating by bifurcating into the radial and ulnar arteries. These arteries further branch in the forearm and hand, interconnecting to form arches that supply the digits. The document also briefly discusses axillary artery aneurysms and occlusion or laceration of the brachial artery.
Intercostal space
The intercostal space is the space between two adjacent ribs, containing the intercostal muscles, neurovascular bundle, and other structures. There are typically 11 intercostal spaces on each side of the body. The neurovascular bundle within each space typically contains the intercostal vein above the artery and nerve. The intercostal nerves branch off anteriorly and posteriorly to innervate the chest wall. Typical and atypical intercostal spaces differ in their blood and nerve supply patterns.
Blood supply of heart
The coronary arteries arise from the ascending aorta and form a circulatory loop around the heart. The right coronary artery originates from the right sinus and supplies the right atrium and ventricle. The left coronary artery originates from the left sinus and divides into the left anterior descending artery and circumflex artery to supply the left side of the heart. Blood from the heart drains primarily into the coronary sinus which empties into the right atrium.
3 internal features of the heart
This document provides an overview of the anatomy of the heart, including descriptions of the right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, valves, conducting system, and blood supply. Key points include that the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and pumps to the right ventricle. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the four pulmonary veins and pumps to the left ventricle. The right ventricle pumps to the pulmonary trunk while the left ventricle pumps to the aorta. Semilunar valves are located at the pulmonary trunk and aorta while atrioventricular valves are located between the atria and
Coronary circulation
1. The document describes the anatomy and physiology of the coronary circulation, including the structure and blood supply of the heart muscles and vessels.
2. It discusses how coronary blood flow is regulated by local muscle metabolism and oxygen demand to meet the heart's nutritional needs.
3. The causes, symptoms, and treatments of coronary heart disease like angina and myocardial infarction are explained.
Blood supply to heart
The document summarizes the arterial blood supply and venous drainage of the heart. The right and left coronary arteries arise from the aorta and branch to supply the heart. The right coronary artery supplies the right atrium and ventricle. The left coronary artery divides into the anterior interventricular branch and circumflex artery to supply the left side of the heart. Venous blood from the heart drains mainly into the coronary sinus via the great cardiac vein, middle cardiac vein, small cardiac vein and anterior cardiac vein.
Mdsc 1102 pbl 1
This document provides a detailed overview of the gross anatomy of the heart in 4 learning objectives:
1. It describes the external and internal structures of the heart, including its chambers, valves, blood vessels, and surrounding tissues.
2. It discusses the innervation and conducting system of the heart, including the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous control and the pathways that conduct electrical signals.
3. It explains the two normal heart sounds (S1 and S2) and their relation to valve openings and closings in the cardiac cycle.
4. It provides an introduction to heart murmurs, relating them to turbulent blood flow caused by abnormalities that disrupt the normal laminar flow, such as valve stenosis
Ext features of heart
The heart is located in the mediastinum within the pericardium. It has an apex pointed leftward and downward, a base oriented posteriorly, and three surfaces - sternocostal, diaphragmatic, and left. The heart has borders on the right, left, and inferiorly. The surfaces and borders divide the heart into areas for the atria and ventricles. Notable grooves on the heart include the coronary, interatrial, and interventricular grooves. Auscultation of the heart listens for heart sounds at the tricuspid, mitral, aortic, and pulmonic areas.
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The aorta
The aorta is the largest artery that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle throughout the body. It can be divided into four sections - the ascending aorta, aortic arch, thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta. The aortic arch arises from the ascending aorta and curves superiorly, posteriorly and to the left before descending as the thoracic aorta. It gives off three branches - the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery. The thoracic aorta continues down through the thoracic cavity and passes through the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm to become the abdominal aorta.
Anatomy of right atrium
This document provides an anatomical overview of the right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, and tricuspid valve. It describes the external features and internal structures of the right atrium, including its tributaries that receive venous blood. It notes the smooth posterior sinus venarum and rough anterior pectinate part. It also describes the components, surface markings, and location of the tricuspid and pulmonary valves. Finally, it outlines the triangular shape of the right ventricle and notes its inflowing and outflow parts, as well as the muscular ridges within.
Blood and Nerve supply of the heart
Easy way to learn Blood supply of the heart and Blood supply of the hear. simple way to learn by trick and easy form.
cardiovescular system
Anatomy of Heart..!!
The document provides an overview of the anatomy of the heart. It describes the heart as a hollow muscular organ divided into four chambers - the right and left atria and ventricles. Each chamber is then described in detail, including its size, location within the heart, internal structures like valves and openings, and relations to other cardiovascular structures. Key components summarized include the four chambers, their internal structures like valves and openings, and basic relations to surrounding areas in the thoracic cavity.
Arch of aorta
The arch of the aorta begins behind the upper border of the second right sternochondral joint and arches over the root of the left lung before ending at the lower border of the fourth thoracic vertebra. It has anterior relations including nerves and veins and posterior relations such as the trachea and esophagus. Its main branches are the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery. Developmental anomalies of the arch of the aorta include right sided aortic arch, double aortic arch, abnormal origin of the right subclavian artery, and coarctation of the aorta.
heart anatomy pdf.pdf
The heart has four chambers - right and left atria receive blood returning from the body and lungs respectively, and pump it to the right and left ventricles which pump blood to the lungs and body. It is located in the mediastinum and surrounded by membranes. The heart wall has three layers - epicardium, myocardium and endocardium. The sinoatrial node initiates electrical impulses which travel through pathways to coordinate contractions. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium and is pumped to the lungs, then returns oxygenated to the left atrium to be pumped through the body by the left ventricle.
Thoracic aorta
The thoracic aorta begins where the aortic arch ends at the fourth thoracic vertebrae and extends down to the diaphragm. It supplies blood to the thoracic cavity and has several important branches including the bronchial arteries which supply the lungs, esophageal arteries which supply the esophagus, and posterior intercostal arteries which supply the spaces between the ribs. The thoracic aorta also gives off mediastinal and pericardial branches before passing through the diaphragm and becoming the abdominal aorta.
2. External features of the heart
The heart is a hollow muscular organ located in the mediastinum. It has 4 chambers - right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle. The heart is divided by septa into these chambers. The heart has surfaces including the sternocostal surface and diaphragmatic surface. It receives blood supply from the right and left coronary arteries. Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart via the coronary sinus and associated veins which drain into the right atrium.
Superior vena cava
The superior vena cava receives deoxygenated blood from the upper body and delivers it to the right atrium. It is formed by the merging of the brachiocephalic veins and descends through the thoracic region into the right atrium. Its tributaries include the brachiocephalic veins, azygos vein, and intercostal veins. Obstruction of the superior vena cava can result in the development of collateral pathways through the azygos vein or between tributaries of the superior and inferior vena cavae.
Anatomy of The Diaphragm
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped musculotendinous sheet that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It has peripheral muscular parts and a central tendinous portion. It arises from the lumbar vertebrae, ribs, sternum and xiphoid process. The diaphragm inserts into its central tendon. It contains openings for structures like the aorta, inferior vena cava and esophagus. The diaphragm is innervated by the phrenic nerves and functions in respiration and exertion. Clinical implications include hernias, hiccups and paralysis.
Anatomy of kidney
The kidneys are paired retroperitoneal organs located on the posterior abdominal wall. Each kidney has an outer renal cortex and inner renal medulla divided into renal pyramids. The kidneys receive blood supply from the renal arteries which branch into segmental and lobar arteries before branching further. Blood exits via interlobar, arcuate and interlobular veins into the renal veins which drain into the inferior vena cava. The kidneys are surrounded by fibrous capsules and perirenal fat and have anterior relations to other abdominal organs and posterior relations to the vertebral column and muscles.
anatomy of Left atrium and left ventricle of the human heart
left atrium- interior of auricle is rough due to musculi pectinate, rest chamber is smooth. fossa lunate is present on septal wall. 4 pulmonary veins open on posterior wall.
left ventricle- inflowing part is rough due to mitral or bicuspid valve apparatus, trabeculae carneae.
outflowing part is smooth called infundibulum. ascending aorta starts from infundibulum. aortic valve guards opening of ascending aorta
1. pericardium
The pericardium is a fibroserous sac that surrounds the heart and roots of the great vessels. It has two layers - an outer fibrous layer that is firmly attached to nearby structures, and an inner serous layer divided into parietal and visceral layers with a lubricating fluid between them. The pericardium restricts heart movement and provides a friction-free container for the heart to contract within.
Internal feature of right and left atria
This document provides information about the anatomy and structures of the right and left atria of the heart. It discusses the key internal features of each atrium, including chambers, valves, veins and arteries, muscle structures, and other anatomical landmarks. It also briefly explains some clinical significance of atrial structures, mentioning how abnormalities like atrial septal defects or atrial fibrillation can impact blood flow and cardiac output. The document aims to educate the reader on the basic internal structures of the atria and their relationships to clinical functions.
Arteries of upper limb
The document summarizes the arterial supply of the upper limb. It begins with the axillary artery, which arises from the subclavian artery and passes through the axilla. It then becomes the brachial artery, which gives off branches like the profunda brachii before terminating by bifurcating into the radial and ulnar arteries. These arteries further branch in the forearm and hand, interconnecting to form arches that supply the digits. The document also briefly discusses axillary artery aneurysms and occlusion or laceration of the brachial artery.
Intercostal space
The intercostal space is the space between two adjacent ribs, containing the intercostal muscles, neurovascular bundle, and other structures. There are typically 11 intercostal spaces on each side of the body. The neurovascular bundle within each space typically contains the intercostal vein above the artery and nerve. The intercostal nerves branch off anteriorly and posteriorly to innervate the chest wall. Typical and atypical intercostal spaces differ in their blood and nerve supply patterns.
Blood supply of heart
The coronary arteries arise from the ascending aorta and form a circulatory loop around the heart. The right coronary artery originates from the right sinus and supplies the right atrium and ventricle. The left coronary artery originates from the left sinus and divides into the left anterior descending artery and circumflex artery to supply the left side of the heart. Blood from the heart drains primarily into the coronary sinus which empties into the right atrium.
3 internal features of the heart
This document provides an overview of the anatomy of the heart, including descriptions of the right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, valves, conducting system, and blood supply. Key points include that the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and pumps to the right ventricle. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the four pulmonary veins and pumps to the left ventricle. The right ventricle pumps to the pulmonary trunk while the left ventricle pumps to the aorta. Semilunar valves are located at the pulmonary trunk and aorta while atrioventricular valves are located between the atria and
Coronary circulation
1. The document describes the anatomy and physiology of the coronary circulation, including the structure and blood supply of the heart muscles and vessels.
2. It discusses how coronary blood flow is regulated by local muscle metabolism and oxygen demand to meet the heart's nutritional needs.
3. The causes, symptoms, and treatments of coronary heart disease like angina and myocardial infarction are explained.
Blood supply to heart
The document summarizes the arterial blood supply and venous drainage of the heart. The right and left coronary arteries arise from the aorta and branch to supply the heart. The right coronary artery supplies the right atrium and ventricle. The left coronary artery divides into the anterior interventricular branch and circumflex artery to supply the left side of the heart. Venous blood from the heart drains mainly into the coronary sinus via the great cardiac vein, middle cardiac vein, small cardiac vein and anterior cardiac vein.
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anatomy of Left atrium and left ventricle of the human heart
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Mdsc 1102 pbl 1
This document provides a detailed overview of the gross anatomy of the heart in 4 learning objectives:
1. It describes the external and internal structures of the heart, including its chambers, valves, blood vessels, and surrounding tissues.
2. It discusses the innervation and conducting system of the heart, including the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous control and the pathways that conduct electrical signals.
3. It explains the two normal heart sounds (S1 and S2) and their relation to valve openings and closings in the cardiac cycle.
4. It provides an introduction to heart murmurs, relating them to turbulent blood flow caused by abnormalities that disrupt the normal laminar flow, such as valve stenosis
Ext features of heart
The heart is located in the mediastinum within the pericardium. It has an apex pointed leftward and downward, a base oriented posteriorly, and three surfaces - sternocostal, diaphragmatic, and left. The heart has borders on the right, left, and inferiorly. The surfaces and borders divide the heart into areas for the atria and ventricles. Notable grooves on the heart include the coronary, interatrial, and interventricular grooves. Auscultation of the heart listens for heart sounds at the tricuspid, mitral, aortic, and pulmonic areas.
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The heart is a vital organ that functions as the central pump of the circulatory system, providing oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues.
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The heart is a hollow muscular organ located in the mediastinum. It has 4 chambers - right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle. The heart is divided by septa into these chambers. The heart has surfaces including the sternocostal surface and diaphragmatic surface. Arterial blood supply comes from the right and left coronary arteries. Venous drainage occurs through the coronary sinus and associated veins.
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heart consist of 3 surfaces: sternocostal, diaphragmatic, base or posterior surface. 3 boarders right,left, inferior. sterno costal suface contains right atrium and right ventricle. and leftauricle and left ventricle partly. right part of a-v groove and interventricular groove present.
Heart and pericardium cvs anatomy
The document describes the anatomy of the pericardium and heart. It notes that the pericardium is a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart and consists of an outer fibrous layer and inner serous layer. The heart lies within the fibrous pericardium but outside the serous pericardium. The document then describes the internal structures of the right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle. It provides details on the chambers, borders, surfaces, valves, and other features of the heart.
Pericardium external features
The heart is a hollow muscular organ located in the mediastinum. It is roughly the size of a clenched fist and has 4 chambers - 2 atria and 2 ventricles separated by interatrial and interventricular septa. The heart receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae into the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation before returning oxygenated blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle and out to the aorta for systemic circulation. The heart has surfaces, borders, and measurements described.
AORTA 2.pptx
1. The document describes the major parts of the aorta including the ascending aorta, arch of aorta, descending aorta, and abdominal aorta.
2. It provides details on the branches of the ascending aorta including the right and left coronary arteries.
3. The arch of aorta is described along with its branches - the brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery.
Pericardium and heart
The pericardium has two layers - the fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium. The fibrous pericardium is a dense connective tissue that protects the heart. The serous pericardium contains two layers that lubricate the heart and prevent friction. It also contains the pericardial cavity filled with fluid. Too much fluid in the cavity can cause compression of the heart.
Heart wps office (4)
The heart is a hollow muscular organ that acts as the central pump of the circulatory system. It has four chambers - two atria that receive blood and two ventricles that pump blood out. The heart is located in the middle mediastinum in the chest cavity. It has a fibrous pericardium covering and is protected by the pericardial sac that contains serous fluid. The heart has right and left sides, each with an atrium and ventricle, and valves that ensure one-way blood flow.
cardiac anatomy for students
The pericardium is a fibroserous sac that encloses the heart and roots of the great vessels. It consists of an outer fibrous layer and inner serous layer. The heart sits within these layers. The pericardial cavity between the layers contains a thin film of fluid. The document then describes in detail the layers of the pericardium, features of the heart chambers and surfaces, as well as the blood supply, nerves and development of the pericardium and heart.
Anatomy of the Cardiovascular system
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart is a hollow muscular organ located in the chest that pumps blood through two circuits: systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation. It has four chambers - right and left atria and ventricles separated by valves. Blood vessels include arteries, which carry blood away from the heart, and veins, which carry blood back to the heart. The cardiovascular system also contains a conduction system that initiates and regulates the heartbeat, starting with the sinoatrial node. Blood vessels have three layers - tunica intima, media, and externa - that vary in thickness and composition between arteries and veins.
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Heart external features
- 1. Dr. Karle Geetanjali Professor, Rachana sharir PMT’s Ayurved college, Shevgaon
- 2. Heart Location – Middle mediastinum Behind the sternum and 2-6 costal cartilages 2/3rd part of heart lies on left side of median plane and 1/3rd of heart lies on the right side of the median plane Heart is covered by pericardium. Heart is formed by 4 chambers- 2Atria, 2 ventricles
- 3. Parts of Heart • Apex • Base • 3 surfaces • 4 borders
- 4. Apex - • Apex is formed by left ventricle • It lies in the left 5th intercostal space 9cms from midline
- 5. Base- • Base – located posteriorly • 2/3rd of base is formed by left atrium & 1/3rd is formed by right atrium
- 6. 3 surfaces - 1) Anterior surfaces (sternocostal surface)- • Formed by right atrium, right ventricle, left auricle, left ventricle 2)left surface- is formed by left auricle & left ventricle 3) Inferior surface ( Diaphragmatic surface)- 2/3rd formed by left ventricle & 1/3rd by right ventricle
- 7. 4 Borders- • 1) superior border– formed by 2 atria • 2) right border- right atrium • 3) inferior border- mainly by right ventricle and small part near apex by left ventricle • 4) left border- formed by left auricle and left ventricle
- 8. Grooves(sulci) • Atrioventricular groove- also called as coronary groove because it lodges coronary arteries. Rt side lodges rt coronary art with small cardiac vein. On posterior side below left atrium it contain coronary sinus. It separates atria from ventricles • Inter atrial groove- some part is visible on posterior side • Anterior interventricular groove – separates two ventricles on anterior surface of heart. It lodges br. of coronary art and great Cardiac vein • Post. Interventricular groove- br. Of rt coronary art and Middle cardiac vein • Crux- meeting point of coronary sulcus with post. Interventricular sulcus
- 11. Thank you !!! Special thanks to my students – Miss. Shruti Rasal for diagram of grooves on ant. surface, Miss Misba Shaikh for diagram of grooves on post. surface and my daughter Miss Durva Pawar for diagram of ant.View of heart and parts of Heart.