health biotechnology complete presentation

1. Role of medical biotechnology in medicine &
Epidemiology and Clinical aspects of Covid-19

2. 1. Biotechnology (Aims, Objectives & types) Naeem Abbas
2. Applications (medical , agriculture , environmental biotechnology) Naeem Abbas
3. Medical or health biotechnology – an introduction Fiza Sabir
4. Social acceptance of health biotechnology Mahnoor Wajid
5. Role of health biotechnology in medicine Fiza Sabir
6. Blood transfusion Ammar Wahab
7. Organ Transplantation Ammar Wahab
8. Pharmacogenomics M.Ijaz
9. Forensic medicine Zainab Jamal
10. Stem cell technology M.Ijaz
11. Gene therapy Mahnoor Wajid
12. Covid-19 ( epidemiology, pathogenesis, causes and symtoms) Zainab Jamal
13. Clinical aspects , prevention and control Zainab Jamal
14. Future perspectives of Covid-19 Zainab Jamal
15. References

3.  The exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, especially the genetic
manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc.
 Types of Biotechnology with respect to color
 • Red biotechnology – Medical biotechnology
 • Yellow biotechnology – Food biotechnology & nutrition sciences
 • Green biotechnology – Agricultural biotechnology , bioremediation , Geo-microbiology
 • Gold biotechnology- Bio nanotechnology & Bioinformatics
 • Grey biotechnology- Bioprocess technology and Classical fermentation
 Aim and objective of Biotechnology
 The goal of biotechnology is to produce drugs by using living organisms such as bacterial
 cells, yeast, mammalian cells, etc., that are placed in culture to produce substances with
 pharmacological activity, such as monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of tum
 • To develop industrial processes for production of antibiotic enzymes etc.
 • To develop gene surgery and gene therapy to cure genetic disease.
 • To create improved varieties of plants and animals through genetic engineering and plant
 breeding.

4. Social Acceptance of health biotechnology

5.  Organ transplants, genetic manipulation, in vitro fertilization, reproductive options
such as cloning, exogenesis and embryo transfer, are examples of high technology
medicine which have provoked controversy and official enquiries.
 Little attention has been given to other important consequences of developments in
biotechnology, such as the emergence of the entrepreneurial ‘pharmocrat’ or ‘technodoc’
who is altering the economic and social relationship between the doctor and patient.

6.  Medical or healthcare
 Agriculture
 Environment

7. It is a branch of medicine that uses living cells and cell materials to research, and then produce
pharmaceutical and diagnosing products. These products help treat and prevent diseases.
➢ Diagnostics
➢ Therapeutics
➢ Vaccines
Diagnostics
Biotech diagnostic tools use genetic information to help doctors detect
and diagnose conditions faster and with greater ease and accuracy, like Tumor identification etc.
Therapeutics
The branch of medicine concerned with the treatment of disease and the action of remedial
agents like, Drug therapy, chemotherapy and pharmacotherapy etc
Vaccines
A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular
infectious disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing
microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, one of its surface proteins.

8. Environmental biotechnology
Replacing chemical materials and processes with
biological technologies can reduce environmental
damage. In this way environmental
biotechnology can make a significant
contribution to sustainable development
Environmental Biotechnology is one of today's
fastest growing and most practically useful
scientific field
• Biofiltration.
• Biological waste recovery.
• Biomass conversion.
• Bioremediation.
• Biosensing
Agricultural Biotechnology
Agriculture biotechnology involves scientific
techniques such as Genetically Modified
Organisms, Bt Cotton, Pest Resistant Plants. It
helps in modifying plants, animals, and
microorganisms and improve their agricultural
productivity.
• Biofuels.
• Plant and Animal Breeding.
• Pest Resistant Crops.
• Pesticide-Resistant Crops and Nutrient
Supplementation.

9. Medical biotechnology is the use of living cells and cell materials to research and produce
pharmaceutical and diagnostic products that help treat and prevent human diseases. Most medical
biotechnologists work in academic or industrial settings
Main concerns will be
➢ Drug production
➢ Pharmacogenomics
➢ Gene therapy
➢ Gene testing

10. Insulin
Human insulin is being produced using
genetically engineered techniques known as
humulin and it is used for the treatment of
diabetes that is low sugar level in the blood
Interferon
o Interferon produced using the recombinant
DNA technology is used for the treatment of
cancer patients. Interferon improved the quality
of life cancer patients.
Human growth hormone
o Since dwarfism is caused by human growth
hormone deficiency so it can be diagnosed by
HGH testing So HGH is used for the treatment of
dwarfism due to hypo pituitary activity.
Drug production (Pharmacology)
• It is the process in which pharmaceutical
products are produced through the application
of biotechnological techniques.
• Medicines are produced for
o Diagnosis
o Treatment and cure
o Prevention of disease
• Producing Medicines through
o Isolating enzymes

24. Blood transfusion is the process of transferring blood or blood products into one's circulation
intravenously. Transfusions are used for various medical conditions to replace lost components of the
blood. You may need a blood transfusion if you have: A severe infection or liver disease that stops your
body from properly making blood or some parts of blood. An illness that causes anemia, such as kidney
disease or cancer. Medicines or radiation used to treat a medical condition also can cause anemia.

25. Organ transplantation
Human organ transplantation faces a significant challenge
because the need for this procedure far exceeds the availability of donor
organs. Each year fewer than half the people on transplant waiting lists
receive organ transplants.
The use of animal tissues is not a new practice. Pig cartilage tissues and
mitral heart valves have been used for many years, and porcine (pig) and bovine (cow)
insulin were used for years to treat diabetes before human insulin became available.
Common organ transplant includes kidneys, liver and heart worldwide

27.  Clinical forensic medicine
 Forensic pathology
 Forensic toxicology
 Forensic than otology
 Medical ethics

29.  Restriction fragment length polymorphism
 PCR
 Random amplified polymorphic DNA
 Mitochondrial DNA analysis
 Y chromosomal marker analysis
 Others

31. Pharmacogenomics is the study of the role of the genome in drug response. Its name reflects its
combining of pharmacology and genomics. Pharmacogenomics analyzes how the genetic makeup of an
individual affects his/her response to drugs.
Purpose
• They also play a key role in how medications work in your body.
• Pharmacogenomics (sometimes called pharmacogenetics) is a field of research that studies how a
person's genes affect how he or she responds to medications. Its long- term goal is to help doctors select
the drugs and doses best suited for each person.

32. Stem cell technology is a rapidly developing field that combines the efforts of cell biologists,
geneticists, and clinicians and offers hope of effective treatment for a variety of malignant and non-
malignant diseases. For which purpose stem cell technology used for?
• Stem cells, directed to differentiate into specific cell types, offer the possibility of a renewable source
of replacement cells and tissues to treat diseases including macular degeneration, spinal cord injury,
stroke, burns, heart disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis.
• Embryonic stem cells
• Non-embryonic (adult) stem cells
• Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)
• Cord blood stem cells and amniotic fluid stem cells

37. • Restriction of entry to non-Iraqi travelers (direct or indirect for a previous period of 14-days) coming from
China, Iran, South Korea, Thailand, Japan, Italy, and Singapore until further notice.
• Iraqis coming from these countries are quarantined at their homes for 14 days (for those of no clinical signs),
and at designated hospitals in each governorate (for those with clinical symptoms).
• Advise citizens to avoid gatherings (especially in closed sites) and travel (except in emergency situations).
• Avoid conducting meetings, symposiums, and other events except for emergency conditions.
• Adopt a fast track mechanism to procure medical supplies, test kits, PPEs, thermal scanners, and other needed
diagnostic and curative commodities through KIMADIA and distribute it to all possible sites (Ports of Entry,
Government buildings, etc.).
• Since a case has been identified in Najaf & 4 in Kirkuk, special measures are taken in the holy governorate as
follows:
– Inspection of all who were in contact with cases.
– Quarantine all those coming from Iran after 10 Feb 2020 and test those with clinical symptoms.
– Advise citizens not to travel between governorates (especially Najaf and Kirkuk) except for emergencies.

38.  Isolation and quarantine are common public health strategies used to
help prevent the spread of infectious diseases. Isolation and
quarantine keep people who are sick or exposed to illness isolated for
a deﬕned period of time to prevent the disease spread

39. Systemic disorders
Respiratory disorder
PATHOGENESIS OF COVID

40.  Limit human-to-human transmission including reducing secondary
infections among close contacts and health care workers
 Identify, isolate and care for patients early, including providing optimized
care for infected patients
 Address crucial unknowns regarding clinical severity, extent of transmission
and infection, treatment options, and accelerate the development of
diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines
 Communicate critical risk and event information to all communities and
counter misinformation
 Minimize social and economic impact through multisectoral partnerships
 Identify and reduce transmission from the animal source

43.  More Contactless Interfaces and Interactions
 Strengthened Digital Infrastructure
 Better Monitoring Using IoT and Big Data
 AI-Enabled Drug Development
 More online shopping
 Learning lectures through IT
 Increased Reliance on Robots
 More digital events

45.  https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewsolender/2020/06/15/they-ruled-and-we-can-live-with-their-decision-trump-reacts-
to-very-powerful-supreme-court-decision-protecting-lgbtq-workers/#5224f905cf3a
 https://image.slidesharecdn.com/1-150508050502-lva1-app6892/95/1-introduction-to-forensic-medicine-13-
638.jpg?cb=1431062119
 https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/strategies-and-plans
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6243166_Biotechnology_in_forensic_science_the_revolution_continues
 https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-transfusion
 https://www.bio.org/what-biotechnology