This document summarizes a seminar presentation on ethical issues in biotechnology. It begins with an introduction to biotechnology and ethics. It then discusses some of the major ethical issues that arise in biotechnology, including socio-economic issues regarding public perception and awareness, cultural issues around modifying life itself, legal issues around new techniques like gene therapy and stem cells, environmental issues regarding impacts on the ecosystem, and religious issues around views of what is natural or against divine order. The conclusion calls for fully analyzing each biotechnology application scientifically and ethically to maximize benefits while acknowledging uncertainties and taking precautions.

1. A SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON
ETHICAL ISSUES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
By
ABU NASER MOSTAQUE AHMED

2. INTRODUCTION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
BIOTECHNOLOGY is any technological
application that uses biological systems, living
organisms, to make or modify products for specific
use for the betterment of human race

3. What are ethics ?
 The act defining what is morally right or
wrong.
 Also classes the reasoning behind our
decision, i.e.
The concept and principle that are employed
to justify our moral choices and actions
 This is specifically important in the application
of biotechnology as the later deals with many
serious issues concerning the human, nature,
health, food and the environment.

4. INTRODUCTION TO Ethical Issues of Biotechnology
Biotechnology is playing an important role for the
improvement of human life. However beside all these
applications some Social, Ethical, Moral and Religious
issues are also coexist within the fields of
Biotechnology. These issues includes many defects and
side effects of products, tools and techniques along with
economic, environmental loss and other negative
impacts

5. The issues are categorized as follows
a. Socio economic issues
b. Cultural issues
c. Legal issues
d. Environmental issues
e. Religious issues

6. Socio economic issues
 Scientific community assuring us that biotechnology is harmless,
and promises marvellous advantages to humankind, even that it may
be the key to our survival in an ever-changing world.
 On the other hand there exist a diverse array of arguments about the
right of man to interfere in nature or God's process and the dangers
to the environment, the food chain and ultimately our own health.
 Such issues are largely related to cultural backgrounds and levels of
public perception and awareness. It is therefore necessary that
decisions on the use of new technologies should respect socio-
economic realities. In part due to the technological

7. Cultural issues
 The ethics of biotechnology entails both a reflection on the
immediate consequences of its use, and on the underlying social and
cultural conditions of which it is a part.
 All technology modifies our relationship to our environment, to our
work, and to ourselves, but biotechnology strikes much closer to
home, enabling us to modify life itself.

8. Legal issues
Legal issues are being arises in the use of biotechnological
techniques
Particularly modern techniques such as stem cell technology, gene
therapy, and human genome project have generated many issues in
the society and there is need to resolve them for the satisfaction of
the person who is receiving treatment or getting benefit from these
techniques.

9. Environmental issues
 Genetically engineered plants have also reduced the need of fertilizers thus minimized
the pesticide pollution to rivers and costal water resources
 However the biotechnological tools and products caused many defects in environment.
 The benefits of a particular biotechnological intervention in the environment typically
accrue directly to the sponsor, often a commercial interest However, the harms that may
result from such interventions typically do not remain confined to those interests or the
individuals responsible for introducing them, but instead may propagate throughout the
environment and affect the general public.

10. Religious issues
 Religious scholars have criticized the use of biological techniques to expose the privacy
and dignity of human being.
 Some religions have taken the issue of stem cell technology very serious.
 As according to them research on embryonic stem cell is like to kill the human.
 Similarly the criticism of religious scholars on human genome project was very severe.
 It is often argued by religious people that biotechnological interventions are not natural, or
that they go against some divine or natural order of things.

11. CONCLUSION
Modern Biotechnology if applied responsibly, have vast potential to benefit
Mankind and the environment. At the same time, the speed of genetic change by
Genetic engineering may represent a new potential and unexpected impact on
Biosphere. It is not possible to make sweeping generalizations about
Modern biotechnology; each application must be fully analysed on a case-by case
basis. Through complete and transparent assessments (scientifically and
Ethically) of modern biotechnology applications, and recognition of their short
and long term implications towards human, environment and society and
Acknowledging scientific uncertainties and taking possible precautionary
Measures, only then, the controversies can be less contentious and more
Constructive, and the full benefits of modern biotechnology may be maximized.
Ethical guidelines regarding the status of modern biotechnology applications.

12. REFERENCES
 Books:
 Bioethics and Biosafety-M.K.Sateesh
 website
 NATIONAL DIGITAL LIBRARY OF INDIA
 https://ndl.iitkgp.ac.in/bioethics/viewer/details/jsp?lid
 www.researchgate.net/publication/265607663_ethical_issues_in_medical_biotechnolgy
 https://ncbi.nlm.nig.gov
 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/bioethics
 www.gso.uri.edu/maritimes/Text_Only/99Summer/text/Ethical_Issues.html

13. THANK YOU