Hawk-Eye is a computer system that uses six cameras to track the path of a ball in sports like cricket and tennis. It was developed in 2001 and provides a 3D trajectory of the ball to determine metrics like speed, angle, and deviation. Testing has found it to be over 99% accurate. It is used in cricket for lbw decisions, in tennis for line calls, and in snooker to visualize shots. Developers continue working to expand its applications to other sports.

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SUBMITTED BY:-
SRIDEVI .P my friend

2. OUTLINE
1. Introduction
2. History
3. How It Works
4. Visual representation
5. Accuracy
6. Applications
7. Further Developments
8. What Players Speak
9. References
10. Conclusion
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3. INTRODUCTION
Hawk-Eye is a computer system
used in cricket, tennis and other sports
to track the path of the ball.
Six cameras tracks the ball so Hawk-
Eye picks up the exact spot where the
ball pitches . Hawk-Eye also measures
the speed of the ball from the bowler's
hand,
so it will tell you exactly how much
time the batsman has to react to a ball.
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4. HISTORY
It was developed by engineers at Roke Manor
Research Limited in 2001; the patent being
held by Paul Hawkins and David Sherry. Later,
the technology was spun off into a separate
company, Hawk-Eye Innovations Ltd., as a
joint venture with television production
company Sunset + Vine.
It first hit our screens in 2001 and has been
helping to unravel the mysteries of the lbw
decision ever since.
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5. HOW IT WORKS
This is essentially visual processing, using cameras, not
lasers.There are six calibrated cameras stationed at
strategic points around the ground. As a ball is bowled
each camera recognises the ball in the image. A 3D
trajectory of the ball is created from the image data using
a process called Kalman Filtering. From this 3D trajectory,
you can determine the speed, angle and deviation of the
ball's flight.
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6. VISUAL REPRESENTATION OF THE
WORKING OF HAWK EYE
TECHNOLOGY
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7. ACCURACY OF THE TECHNOLOGY
During ITF testing in 2006 Hawk-Eye made the
correct call in 100% of all tests, showing an
average error of only 3.6mm.
Tests have always been conducted outdoors,
encompassing situations that take the following
factors into consideration:
Wind (and therefore camera wobble);
Bright sunlight at different times of the day;
Shadows covering part or the majority of the
court;
Dark or overcast conditions;
Artifical floodlights.
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8. CONTINUED
Indoor venues are obviously easier in which to
track because conditions are far less variable.
Quite simply, Hawk-Eye can track accurately
and reliable in any conditions, on any surface.
Although the accuracy of the existing system
has been tried and tested, the company is
constantly trying to develop and refine the
system. Hawk-Eye listens to feedback from
customers and officials to ensure that Hawk-
Eye remains the very best in the market.
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9. APPLICATIONS
1.It finds its application in different games like
cricket, tennis and snooker.
2.It has also been implemented in computer games
to give reality to the game.
It is basically used in cricket for giving L.B.W
Descisions.
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10. CONTINUED
It is used in tennis for
making line calls.
It is used in snooker for
producing players line
of view,shadowed area
and blue dot.
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11. FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS
1. Hawk-Eye is already working on
implementing a system for basketball.
2. The Football Association has declared the
system as "ready for inspection by FIFA",
after tests suggested that the results of a
goal-line incident could be relayed to the
match referee within half-a-second (IFAB, the
governing body for the Laws of the game,
insists on goals being signalled immediately
e.g. within five seconds).
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12. PLAYERS SPEAK
1.“As a player, I want to know the line calls are as
accurate as technology will allow. In that
sense, [Hawk-Eye] is great news for all
players.”
Maria Sharapova
2.“On top of getting just the calls right time after
time, which will be nice, it’ll add another
aspect for TV viewers. If a player has two
challenges per set, it will add drama and
excitement. This will add to tennis and take
out a lot of human error.”
Andy Roddick
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13. CONCLUSION
After all the test that have been conducted
on this technology,it has always come out
successful and it promises to be a boon for
the world of sports and now it is upto the
different councils to decide whether to use
this technology or not…….
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14. THANK YOU
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15. REFERENCES
1. http://v3.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX
2. ^
http://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/20
06-08-10/200608101155219422122.html
3. ^
http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/4/story.cfm
?c_id=4&objectid=10426649
4. ^
http://archive.gulfnews.com/indepth/dubaitenn
is2007/men/10108379.html
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