This document provides an introduction to basic computer concepts including hardware, software, input/output devices, and types of computers. It defines key terms like technology, information, system software, application software, and differences between data and information. Examples of input devices include keyboards and mice, while output devices mentioned are printers and monitors. The document also lists common types of computers from supercomputers to microcomputers and their origins.

1. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

2. The video will be shown to
the learners before class.
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3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJ-YTb7XYA
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4. http://jobsearchtech.about.com/od/careersintechnology/p/ITDefinition.htm
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COMMUNICATION
Process in which two or more computers or
devices transfer data, instructions and
information.
TECHNOLOGY
Technology is the usage and knowledge of
tools, techniques, systems or methods of
organization in order to solve a problem
INFORMATION
Conveys meaning and is useful to
people

5. SOFTWARE
Software refers to a set of
instructions that tells the
computer on what to do.
These instruction sets also called
programs which provide a
means for us to interact with
and use the computer, all
without computer
programming skills.
Computer has two basic types
of software :
1. System software
2. Application software
System Software
• A collection of programs
• Enables the application software to
interact with
the hardware
• Background software that helps the
computer
manage its own resources
Application Software
• “End-user” software where you use them
to do
tasks at home, school and work.
• Two major categories
 General purpose
(writing letters, sending e-mail,
balancing a
budget, creating presentations)

6. 6
Hardware is the
electronic, and
mechanical components
of a computer that you
can physically touch.
All hardware on the
computer helps the
computer to perform its
various tasks.
These components
include :
1. Input devices
2. Output devices
3. A system Unit
4. Storage Devices

7. 7
Input Devices is any hardware
component that allows you to
enter data (text , images , sounds)
and instructions (user responses ,
commands) into a computer.
Six widely used input devices are
the :
1. Keyboard
2. Mouse
3. Microphone
4. Scanner
5. Digital camera
6. PC video camera (Web Cam)

8. 8
Output Devices is any hardware
component that conveys
information to one, or more
people. They enable you to send
processed data out of your
computer. This can take the form
of text, pictures (graphics), sounds
(audio), and video.
Three commonly used output
devices :
1. Printer
2. Monitor (display screen)
3. Speakers

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Printer produces text and graphics
on a physical medium such as
paper.
Monitor displays text, graphics,
and videos on screen.
Speakers allow you to hear music,
voice and other audio (sounds).

10. 10
Supercomput
ers
Mainframe
Minicomputer
Microcomputer
1964 by Seymour
Cray at Control Data
Corporation (CDC),
US
1946 by J.
Presper Eckert &
John Mauchly ,
US
1965 by DEC (Digital
Equipment
Corporation)
1975: Ed Roberts
invented Altair 8800

11. EXERCISE
1. What is the difference between IT and ICT ?
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 IT is the use of computers and software
to manage information.
 ICT is the use of telecommunication
technology to provide access to
information.

12. EXERCISE
2. What is information system
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An information System (IS) is a collection
of
• hardware
• software,
• data,
• people and
• procedures
• connectivity
- that work together to produce quality
information.

13. EXERCISE
3. List two (2) types of software
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 System Software – enables the
hardware to interact with application
software.
 Application Software - “End-user”
software to help doing tasks at home,
school and work.

14. EXERCISE
4. What is the difference between data and
information (give example) ?
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 Data – collection of unprocessed
items (raw facts) , which can include
text, numbers, images, audio and
video.
 Information – Data which has been
organized in a meaningful manner
(IC)

15. EXERCISE
5. List the components of the computer (give
example) ?
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 Input devices (keyboard)
 Output devices (monitor)
 A system Unit (Motherboard)
 Storage Devices (Hard disk)
 Communication Devices (Modem)

16. EXERCISE
6. List the types of computer ?
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 Supercomputer
 Mainframe
 Minicomputer
 Microcomputer