This document contains 30 multiple choice questions about harbor and shore protection structures. The questions cover topics such as types of breakwaters, functions of structures like groynes and sea walls, forces acting on coastal structures from wave impacts, characteristics of harbors and ports, and river training structures. Correct answers are indicated with check marks in the document.

1. 30 QUESTIONS IN HARBOR AND SHORE PROTECTION
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Dr. EzzatEl Sayed G. SALEH
12/14/16

2. 30 QUESTIONS IN HARBOR AND SHORE PROTECTION
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Pick up the correct statement from the following:
1) Dead weight tonnage of a ship:
i. Varies with latitude and season
ii. Is more than displacement tonnage
iii. Is the difference between displacement load and displacement
light of these statements
a) i) and ii) are correct,
b) ii) and iii) are correct,
c) i) and iii) are correct, 
d) Only iii) is correct.
2) By increasing the rise of lock gates,
i. The length of the gate will increase
ii. Transverse stress due to water pressure on the gate will
increase
iii. Compressive force on the gate will increase of these
statements
a) i) and ii) are correct, 
b) i) and iii) are correct,
c) Only ii) is correct,
d) Only iii) is correct.
Choose the correct answer of the following:
3) The minimum diameter of turning basin, where ships turn by going
ahead and without tug assistance should be:
i. L,
ii. 1.5 L,
iii.2 L,
iv. 4 L. 
Where “L” is the length of the largest ship to use the port.
4) The difference in height between highest water and lowest water is
called:
i. Mean range,

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ii. Maximum range, 
iii. Maximum rise,
iv. Mean rise.
5) Which of the following structures protects the shore by trapping of
littoral drift?
i. Groynes, 
ii. Sea walls,
iii. Revetments,
iv. Moles.
6) Which of the following structures are constructed parallel to shore
line to develop a demarcating line between land area and water area?
i. Sea walls, bulk heads and groynes,
ii. Sea walls, bulk heads and revetments, 
iii. Sea walls, revetments, and groynes,
iv. Bulk heads, revetments, and groynes.
7) Which of the following type of sea walls results in greatest protection
of shore structures?
i. Vertical sea wall
ii. Sea wall with batter
iii. Steeped sea wall,
iv. Sea wall with concave face. 
8) What are the materials used in building a gravity dam?
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9) A river training work is generally required when the river is:
i. Aggrading type
ii. Degrading type

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iii. Meandering type 
iv. Both (a) and (b).
10) A river bend characterized by silting:
i. Scouring on concave side
ii. Silting on convex side
iii. Scouring on convex side and on concave side
iv. Scouring on concave side and silting convex side. 
11) The dock wall is designed as a gravity retaining wall and is tested
for:
i. Maximum water pressure from the dock without any back fill
ii. Back fill pressure when the dock is empty
iii. The load charge transmitted to the dock by the movement of
loaded vehicles or trains on the way
iv. All of the above. 
12) Due to the impact of water wave on a sea shore structure:
i. Weakens the foundation
ii. All of the above. 
iii. Vibrations are subjected
iv. Internal pressure is developed
13) Pick up the correct statement from the following:
i. The brick masonry retaining wall which is used for loading and
unloading of cargo is called guy wall
ii. The breakwater which can be used as a platform for loading
and unloading of cargo is called a mole
iii. Three types of break waters are generally provided in harbors
iv. All of the above. 
14) A harbor is a place where:
i. Ships get shelter and protection against destructive forces due
to sea waves

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ii. All of the above. 
iii. Facilities are provided for receiving cargo and passengers
iv. Port buildings are constructed for commercial purposes.
15) The shape of docks and basins is generally kept:
i. Diamond shape gays
ii. Rectangular ways
iii. Inclined gays
iv. All of these. 
16) The important component of a sea port is:
i. Terminal buildings
ii. The docks.
iii. The harbor
iv. All of these 
17) On the sea shore structures, the water wave impact causes:
i. Compressive force due to collapse of the wave
ii. Shear force due to deflected vertical force
iii. All of the above. 
iv. Suction force due to water returning after striking
18) The width of the entrances of the harbors is restricted to:
i. 100 m
ii. 120 m
iii. 140 m
iv. 180 m 
19) A dock is:
i. Provided with a dock gate
ii. All the above. 
iii. An artificial basin for vessels where the variation of water in
the shore does not affect the level of water

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iv. Provided with an arrangement to pump out water when
required
20) Pick up the correct statement from the following:
i. An artificial barrier )‫(حاحز‬ which makes the enclosed area safe
for anchorage of ships, is known as break water
ii. The break water whose inside is used as a platform for loading
and unloading is called a mole
iii. The length of the quay wall is governed by the length of the
largest vessel likely to be berthed,
iv. All the above. 
21) Consider the following statements: “Sand in mortar is needed
for:
i. Decreasing the quantity of cement
ii. Reducing shrinkage
iii. Decreasing the surface area of the building material
iv. Increasing the strength
a) ii, iii and iv are correct
b) i, ii and iii are correct
c) i, iii and iv are correct
d) i, ii and iv are correct.
22) Littoral drift ‫جن‬‫إ‬‫ل‬‫(ا‬
‫اف‬‫ر‬
‫الساحيل‬
) is:
i. The raised line of sand, parallel to the sea coast
ii. The slow movement of surface water at sea caused by the
wind
iii. A current parallel to the shore, caused due to tangential
component of the wind 
iv. A current perpendicular to the shore line caused due to wind.
23) Groynes are generally built:
i. Inclined up stream up to 30°

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ii. Inclined downstream up to 30°
iii. Perpendicular to the bank
iv. All 
24) A river training work is generally required when the river is
i. Meandering
ii. Aggrading
iii. All 
iv. Degrading‫ز‬
25) What is sheet pile wall?
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26) What is bulkhead sheet pile?
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27) What is cover dam?
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28) What are the advantages of building a lock?
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29) What are the uses of Groynes?
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8. 30 QUESTIONS IN HARBOR AND SHORE PROTECTION
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30) How long does it take concrete to harden?
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