This document discusses two gram-negative bacteria - Haemophilus influenzae and Bordetella pertussis. H. influenzae can cause localized infections like ear infections or more invasive diseases like meningitis. It exists in both encapsulated and unencapsulated forms. B. pertussis causes whooping cough and is highly contagious, especially in infants and young children. It presents with mild upper respiratory symptoms initially followed by severe paroxysmal coughing. Both organisms require special growth factors and are diagnosed through microscopy, culture, serology or PCR of clinical samples. H. influenzae is treated with antibiotics like ceftriaxone or amoxicillin for different infections. B. pert
Bacterial diseases of reproductive importanceSakina Rubab
This presentation comprises of almost all the bacteria and other agents too that are involved in causing reproductive diseases in animals, especially cattle.
Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is an infectious systemic disease that presents as a variable complex of lesions affecting mainly ruminants and rarely swine. It is principally a disease of domestic cattle, water buffalo, Bali cattle (banteng), American bison, and deer. In addition to these farmed animals, MCF has been described in a variety of captive ruminants in mixed zoologic collections.MCF results from infection by one of several members of a group of closely related ruminant gammaherpesviruses of the Rhadinovirus genus.
Bluetongue is an infectious arthropod-borne viral disease primarily of domestic and wild ruminants. Infection with bluetongue virus (BTV) is common in a broad band across the world, which until recently stretched from ~35°S to 40°–50°N. Bluetongue virus is the type-species of the genus Orbivirus in the family Reoviridae. The geographic restriction is in part related to the climatic and environmental conditions necessary to support the Culicoides vectors.
killing of cryptococcus neoformans by dendritic cell's lysosomes.Neha Hanif
this presentation is a summarize form of an article to easily deliver the methodology followed in an article. dendritic cells are our very effective cells these are not only to present antigen but also to kill them or process them by their phagocytic activities (phagocytosis) .
Bacterial diseases of reproductive importanceSakina Rubab
This presentation comprises of almost all the bacteria and other agents too that are involved in causing reproductive diseases in animals, especially cattle.
Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is an infectious systemic disease that presents as a variable complex of lesions affecting mainly ruminants and rarely swine. It is principally a disease of domestic cattle, water buffalo, Bali cattle (banteng), American bison, and deer. In addition to these farmed animals, MCF has been described in a variety of captive ruminants in mixed zoologic collections.MCF results from infection by one of several members of a group of closely related ruminant gammaherpesviruses of the Rhadinovirus genus.
Bluetongue is an infectious arthropod-borne viral disease primarily of domestic and wild ruminants. Infection with bluetongue virus (BTV) is common in a broad band across the world, which until recently stretched from ~35°S to 40°–50°N. Bluetongue virus is the type-species of the genus Orbivirus in the family Reoviridae. The geographic restriction is in part related to the climatic and environmental conditions necessary to support the Culicoides vectors.
killing of cryptococcus neoformans by dendritic cell's lysosomes.Neha Hanif
this presentation is a summarize form of an article to easily deliver the methodology followed in an article. dendritic cells are our very effective cells these are not only to present antigen but also to kill them or process them by their phagocytic activities (phagocytosis) .
Takeaways From Migrating to Git and Bitbucket ServerAtlassian
Switching from a centralized version control system to Git and Bitbucket will have an impact on the way your development team develops software.
When doing the switch, what should be migrated over? Should you continue using the current workflow or is there a better one? What about training?
This talk will give a brief overview of what I learned from doing the switch to Git and Bitbucket Server from Rational ClearCase, but it can be applied to any centralized version control system.
Products covered:
Bitbucket
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
2. Haemophilus influenzaeHaemophilus influenzae
Gram negative Rods.Gram negative Rods.
Range from coccobacillary to long filamentousRange from coccobacillary to long filamentous
forms.forms.
Non – motileNon – motile
AerobicAerobic
Fastidious organismsFastidious organisms
3. Haemophilus influenzaeHaemophilus influenzae
Humans are the only natural hostsHumans are the only natural hosts
Transmission:Transmission: respiratory droplet spreadrespiratory droplet spread
Peak Prevalence of Meningitis:Peak Prevalence of Meningitis: 6 – 126 – 12
monthsmonths
The incidence of Hib fell by 95% in populationsThe incidence of Hib fell by 95% in populations
with high rates of vaccinationwith high rates of vaccination
4. Haemophilus influenzaeHaemophilus influenzae
Two main typesTwo main types::
II The uncapsulated (untypable) strainsThe uncapsulated (untypable) strains
IIII The encapsulated strainsThe encapsulated strains
5. CapsuleCapsule
Polysaccharide in naturePolysaccharide in nature
Six types : a, b, c, d, e and fSix types : a, b, c, d, e and f
Type b is associated with most severe form ofType b is associated with most severe form of
diseasedisease
Hib capsule is Polyribitol Phosphate (PRP)Hib capsule is Polyribitol Phosphate (PRP)
6. Haemophilus influenzaeHaemophilus influenzae
UnencapsulatedUnencapsulated
Responsible for localizedResponsible for localized
infections i.e.infections i.e.
Otitis mediaOtitis media
ConjuctivitisConjuctivitis
BronchitisBronchitis
SinusitisSinusitis
CapsulatedCapsulated
Responsible for InvasiveResponsible for Invasive
disease i.e.disease i.e.
MeningitisMeningitis
SepticaemiaSepticaemia
EpiglottitisEpiglottitis
PneumoniaPneumonia
Septic arthritisSeptic arthritis
CellulitisCellulitis
9. Growth requirements in VitroGrowth requirements in Vitro
FactorFactor VV HeminHemin
FactorFactor XX NADNAD
Chocolate agar provide both these factorsChocolate agar provide both these factors
Growth is enhanced in 5% CoGrowth is enhanced in 5% Co22
10.
11. TREATMENTTREATMENT
Meningitis – CeftriaxoneMeningitis – Ceftriaxone
Otitis media & Sinusistis – Amoxycillin-Otitis media & Sinusistis – Amoxycillin-
clavulanate & Co-trimoxazoleclavulanate & Co-trimoxazole
PREVENTIONPREVENTION
Vaccine against hemophilus type-b (Hib)Vaccine against hemophilus type-b (Hib)
Age 2-15 monthsAge 2-15 months
Conjugate vaccineConjugate vaccine
RifampicinRifampicin
12. Haemophilus ducreyiHaemophilus ducreyi
Causes a sexually transmitted infection calledCauses a sexually transmitted infection called
ChancroidChancroid
Requires only Factor X for growthRequires only Factor X for growth
13. Bordetella pertussisBordetella pertussis
Small CoccobacillarySmall Coccobacillary
Gram negative rodGram negative rod
CapsulatedCapsulated
Causes Pertussis (Whooping Cough) – a highlyCauses Pertussis (Whooping Cough) – a highly
infectious disease in its early phaseinfectious disease in its early phase
14. Bordetella pertussisBordetella pertussis
Pathogen only for humansPathogen only for humans
Transmitted by airborne dropletsTransmitted by airborne droplets
Highly contagiousHighly contagious
Worldwide distributionWorldwide distribution
Primarily infants & young childrenPrimarily infants & young children
15. • Typical Organisms
The organisms are minute, gram-negative coccobacilli
resembling H influenzae. A capsule is present.
• Culture
Primary isolation of B pertussis requires enriched media.
Bordet-Gengou medium (potato-blood-glycerol agar) that
contains penicillin G, 0.5 μg/mL, can be used.
A charcoal-containing medium supplemented with horse
blood, cephalexin, and amphotericin B (Regan-Lowe) is
preferable because of the longer shelf life.
The plates are incubated at 35–37°C for 3–7 days aerobically
in a moist environment.
The small, faintly staining gram negative rods are identified
by immunofluorescence staining.
B pertussis is non-motile.
16. • Growth Characteristics
The organism is a strict aerobe.
it is oxidase and catalase positive.
but nitrate, citrate, and urea negative, the results
of which are useful for differentiating among
the other species of bordetellae.
It does not require X and V factors on
subculture.
17. CLINICAL FEATURESCLINICAL FEATURES
Acute tracheobronchitis in childrenAcute tracheobronchitis in children
Mild upper respiratory tract symptomsMild upper respiratory tract symptoms
Severe paroxysmal cough (1 to 4 weeks)Severe paroxysmal cough (1 to 4 weeks)
Death due to pneumoniaDeath due to pneumonia
In AdultsIn Adults
Paroxysmal cough lasting weeks (100 day cough)Paroxysmal cough lasting weeks (100 day cough)
Whoop is absentWhoop is absent
18. Laboratory DiagnosisLaboratory Diagnosis
Clinical SpecimensClinical Specimens
Nasopharyngeal swabNasopharyngeal swab
MicroscopyMicroscopy
Gram negative rodsGram negative rods
Flourescent antibody stainingFlourescent antibody staining
CultureCulture
Bordet gengou medium (20-30% blood)Bordet gengou medium (20-30% blood)
SerologySerology
Agglutination with specific antiseraAgglutination with specific antisera
PCRPCR