Tipu Sultan was a legendary ruler of Mysore who opposed British rule in South India in the late 18th century. He fought the British in the First and Second Anglo-Mysore Wars and dictated terms to the British in subsequent treaties. After his father Hyder Ali died, Tipu became the ruler of Mysore and focused on advancing his military, especially Mysorean rockets. However, the British remained a threat and the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799 resulted in Tipu's death during the Battle of Srirangapatna, bringing British rule to Mysore.
Akbar the great was the third Mughal emperor who reigned from 1556 to 1605 and significantly expanded and strengthened the Mughal empire. He rose to power at a young age under a regent and spent his early years consolidating control. Akbar implemented major administrative, religious, and economic reforms that established a relatively stable and prosperous empire with religious tolerance. His reign saw great architectural and cultural achievements, including founding a new capital named Fatehpur Sikri.
The Mughal Empire ruled most of northern India for about 300 years between the 16th and 18th centuries. It was founded in 1526 by Babur and reached its peak under Akbar and Jahangir in the 16th-17th centuries. However, it declined under Aurangzeb in the 18th century due to religious intolerance, overtaxation, and rebellions. The Mughals established a centralized government and left a lasting cultural legacy through their architecture, art, and development of the Urdu language.
Tipu Sultan was a ruler of Mysore in late 18th century India who fought vigorously against British colonialism. He modernized his army with French assistance and developed advanced rocket technology. Tipu corresponded with foreign leaders seeking support against the British but ultimately failed to secure sufficient aid. Despite accusations of mistreating Hindus, historical accounts indicate Tipu donated generously to Hindu temples and instituted religious tolerance. He was an innovative leader who helped develop Mysore's economy, infrastructure, and horticulture. However, Tipu was eventually defeated by the British in battle and died defending his kingdom of Srirangapatna in 1799.
The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526 by Babur and dominated India for over 200 years until the mid-1800s. It prospered under the first six emperors, known as the Great Mughals, including Akbar who greatly expanded the empire. However, conflicts under later emperors like Aurangzeb led to a decline. The empire ended in 1858 when the British deposed the last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah II, and established direct rule over India.
The document summarizes several notable historical buildings and structures in India, including their architectural features. It discusses the Qutub Minar, which was built in Delhi in the 13th century. It also mentions temples like the Kandariya Mahadeva temple and Rajarajeshwara temple, noting architectural details like their tall shikhara towers. Additionally, it provides information about mosques like the Jama Masjid in Delhi and describes imperial Mughal structures like Humayun's Tomb and the Taj Mahal, highlighting their use of formal garden (char bagh) designs.
Tipu Sultan was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore from 1750 until his death in 1799. He resisted British colonial expansion in India for over 30 years through four Anglo-Mysore wars. Tipu adopted the tiger as the symbol of his rule and fought bravely until the end, becoming one of the few rulers to defeat British forces in battle. However, he was ultimately defeated by the British in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799.
Tipu Sultan was a legendary ruler of Mysore who opposed British rule in South India in the late 18th century. He fought the British in the First and Second Anglo-Mysore Wars and dictated terms to the British in subsequent treaties. After his father Hyder Ali died, Tipu became the ruler of Mysore and focused on advancing his military, especially Mysorean rockets. However, the British remained a threat and the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799 resulted in Tipu's death during the Battle of Srirangapatna, bringing British rule to Mysore.
Akbar the great was the third Mughal emperor who reigned from 1556 to 1605 and significantly expanded and strengthened the Mughal empire. He rose to power at a young age under a regent and spent his early years consolidating control. Akbar implemented major administrative, religious, and economic reforms that established a relatively stable and prosperous empire with religious tolerance. His reign saw great architectural and cultural achievements, including founding a new capital named Fatehpur Sikri.
The Mughal Empire ruled most of northern India for about 300 years between the 16th and 18th centuries. It was founded in 1526 by Babur and reached its peak under Akbar and Jahangir in the 16th-17th centuries. However, it declined under Aurangzeb in the 18th century due to religious intolerance, overtaxation, and rebellions. The Mughals established a centralized government and left a lasting cultural legacy through their architecture, art, and development of the Urdu language.
Tipu Sultan was a ruler of Mysore in late 18th century India who fought vigorously against British colonialism. He modernized his army with French assistance and developed advanced rocket technology. Tipu corresponded with foreign leaders seeking support against the British but ultimately failed to secure sufficient aid. Despite accusations of mistreating Hindus, historical accounts indicate Tipu donated generously to Hindu temples and instituted religious tolerance. He was an innovative leader who helped develop Mysore's economy, infrastructure, and horticulture. However, Tipu was eventually defeated by the British in battle and died defending his kingdom of Srirangapatna in 1799.
The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526 by Babur and dominated India for over 200 years until the mid-1800s. It prospered under the first six emperors, known as the Great Mughals, including Akbar who greatly expanded the empire. However, conflicts under later emperors like Aurangzeb led to a decline. The empire ended in 1858 when the British deposed the last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah II, and established direct rule over India.
The document summarizes several notable historical buildings and structures in India, including their architectural features. It discusses the Qutub Minar, which was built in Delhi in the 13th century. It also mentions temples like the Kandariya Mahadeva temple and Rajarajeshwara temple, noting architectural details like their tall shikhara towers. Additionally, it provides information about mosques like the Jama Masjid in Delhi and describes imperial Mughal structures like Humayun's Tomb and the Taj Mahal, highlighting their use of formal garden (char bagh) designs.
Tipu Sultan was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore from 1750 until his death in 1799. He resisted British colonial expansion in India for over 30 years through four Anglo-Mysore wars. Tipu adopted the tiger as the symbol of his rule and fought bravely until the end, becoming one of the few rulers to defeat British forces in battle. However, he was ultimately defeated by the British in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799.
Here is another creative presentation by your slide maker on the topic “Tipu Sultan".
Hope you like it. If you like it then please, *like*, *Download* and *Share*. By- Slide_maker4u (Abhishek Sharma) *******For presentation Orders, contact me on the Email addresses Written below******** Email- Sharmaabhishek576@gmail.com or Sharmacomputers87@gmail.com *******THANK YOU***************
1) The document discusses the establishment and rule of the Delhi Sultanate by various Turkic and Afghan slave dynasties between the 12th-14th centuries AD. It describes how Muhammad Ghori's generals like Qutb al-Din Aibak founded the Slave Dynasty and established Delhi as the capital.
2) It then outlines the rule of the later Slave Dynasty rulers like Iltutmish and Balban who consolidated and expanded the sultanate. The turbulent succession after Iltutmish is also summarized.
3) The rise of the Khalji dynasty under Jalaluddin and the major reforms and conquests of Alauddin Khalji, considered the most powerful
The document provides information about the Delhi Sultanate, which ruled northern India for 320 years between 1206-1526 AD. It discusses the five dynasties that ruled during this period: the Slave Dynasty, the Khalji Dynasty, the Tughlaq Dynasty, the Sayyid Dynasty, and the Lodhi Dynasty. For each dynasty, it lists the sultans and provides some background information about important events and policies during their reigns. It also describes a quiz round that was part of the group presentation.
The document summarizes the political and economic context in Bengal leading up to the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which marked the transition to British colonial rule. It describes the growing power of European trading companies in the region and their competition. It outlines the political instability in Bengal under Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah, including tensions with the British East India Company. It then explains how Robert Clive conspired with Mir Jafar, commander of the Nawab's army, to depose Siraj ud-Daulah with the promise of power and payment, culminating in the Company's victory at Plassey and the installation of Mir Jafar as the new Nawab under
Class 7 Chapter 6 Towns , traders and craftpersons Vruddhi
Several types of towns developed in medieval India, including capital towns which served as centers of administration and manufacturing. Port towns engaged in maritime trade, and new towns were founded by rulers like Shahjahan. Temple towns were constructed by rulers and later grew large. Smaller towns had markets where villagers sold produce. Various trader communities operated in different regions and towns, and craftspeople specialized in skills like Bidri metalwork. Case studies described the historic towns of Hampi, Masulipatnam, and Surat, noting their origins, industries, and declines.
The document provides information about the Mughal Empire rulers from Babur to Aurangzeb in a series of letters. It lists each ruler's name, reign dates, important facts about them, and locations associated with them, such as the capital city and location of their tomb. For example, it mentions that Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat and wrote his autobiography Baburnama; Humayun lost power to Sher Shah Suri but regained control in 1556; and Shah Jahan shifted the capital to Delhi and built famous structures like the Taj Mahal and Red Fort.
The document provides a summary of the Mughal rulers of India from Babur to Aurangzeb. It discusses each ruler's background, major accomplishments, and how they came to power and died. Some of the key points covered include:
- Babur founded the Mughal Empire in 1526 and was succeeded by his son Humayun. He is believed to have been poisoned.
- Akbar greatly expanded the empire and instituted new administrative practices. He died of dysentery at age 63.
- Jahangir continued expansion and was known for his love of art. He died while traveling at age 58.
- Shah Jahan's reign marked the Golden Age, with
Sher Shah Sur was a 16th century ruler of India who established the Sur Empire from 1540 to 1555. He instituted major administrative reforms, building on the foundations of the Delhi Sultanate. Some key reforms included establishing a uniform coinage and taxation system, constructing a grand trunk road connecting major cities, and promoting education. Sher Shah proved to be a gifted military leader, conquering much of northern India and defeating the Mughal emperor Humayun twice in battle. Though his reign was brief, Sher Shah is remembered as one of the most effective rulers in the subcontinent for his transformative administrative policies.
The Great Artistic Mughal Ruler - ShahjahanKhanImran5975
Shah Jahan was the third son of emperor Jahangir and became emperor himself in 1628 after gaining support from his wife's family. As emperor, he had military successes expanding Mughal power in southern India and the northwest. However, some territories like Kandahar were later lost back to Persia. Shah Jahan is most famous for his passionate interest in architecture and magnificent buildings like the Taj Mahal, as well as structures in the Red Fort complex in Delhi.
The document summarizes several important historical structures built by rulers in India between the 8th and 18th centuries. These include forts, palaces, tombs, temples, mosques, and public works like tanks, wells, and bazaars. Some key structures discussed are the Qutub Minar tower in Delhi, Kandariya Mahadeva Temple in Khajuraho, Rajarajeshwara Temple in Kerala, Humayun's Tomb and Taj Mahal in Agra, as well as early mosques, temples and the Golden Temple in Amritsar. Rulers hoped such construction would win praise and care for subjects.
The document discusses the development of towns and urbanization in ancient and medieval India. It provides examples of temple towns like Thanjavur that developed around important religious sites. Temples were central to the economy and society, with rulers and pilgrims donating wealth. Nearby artisans and traders established to support temple activities, leading to the growth of towns. Other town types discussed include administrative centers, ports supporting international trade, and pilgrimage centers that developed into populated areas. Crafts like weaving and metalworking became specialized skills in urban settings.
Tipu Sultan was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India from 1782 until his death in 1799. He fought four wars against the British East India Company in an effort to preserve his kingdom's independence. In the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War, the British led a coalition of over 50,000 troops against Tipu Sultan's forces and besieged his capital city of Seringapatam. On May 4, 1799, Tipu Sultan was killed while defending a breach in the city walls, and Seringapatam fell to the British, ending Mysore's independence. Though unsuccessful, Tipu Sultan is still remembered today as a brilliant military leader and freedom fighter who resisted
The Mughal Empire ruled most of India and Pakistan in the 16th and 17th centuries, consolidating Islam and spreading Muslim culture and arts. The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526 by Babur and expanded under great rulers like Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb. However, religious conflicts and rebellions eventually led to the decline of the Mughal Empire after Aurangzeb's death in 1707.
The East India Company began as a trading organization with a royal charter from Queen Elizabeth I in 1600. This allowed it to trade goods between Europe and Asia. Over time, as the Company competed with other European powers for trade and markets, it expanded its territorial control in India through battles and alliances. Key events included the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which gave the Company control of Bengal, and the assumption of the diwani of Bengal in 1765, which provided tax revenue. Through treaties, subsidiary alliances that removed local armed forces, and the Doctrine of Lapse, the Company annexed more Indian states. By the mid-1800s, it had established direct and indirect control over most
The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526 by Babur after his victories at Panipat and Khanwa. He established the empire in India and was succeeded by his son Humayun after his death in 1530. Humayun's rule was interrupted but he regained control in 1555 until his death. He was followed by his son Akbar, who greatly expanded the empire. Later rulers included Jahangir, Shah Jahan who built the Taj Mahal, Aurangzeb, and finally Bahadur Shah Zafar, who was exiled after the 1857 rebellion, bringing an end to the Mughal Empire.
Grade - 8 Geography Chapter - 4. Agriculture Navya Rai
Grade - 8 Geography Chapter - 4. Agriculture
Agriculture describes the practice of growing crops or raising animals.
The transformation from a plant to a finished product involves three types of economic activities- They are Primary, Secondary and Tertiary
The document summarizes the history of the Mughal Empire in India from its founding in 1526 by Babur to its decline in the 18th century. It focuses on key rulers like Akbar, who expanded the empire and promoted religious tolerance, but also Aurangzeb, whose policies of religious intolerance weakened the empire. External threats from groups like the Marathas and invasions by the Afghan Nadir Shah further contributed to the declining control of the Mughals and the rise of European power in India.
1) Urethan was the capital of the Cholas located on the banks of the Kaveri River, known for its temples including the Swarajes temple built by King Jararaca Chola.
2) Temple towns like Urethan were important centers of urbanization, with temples central to the economy and society. Rulers built temples and pilgrims made donations supporting trade and banking.
3) In the 18th century, demand for Indian textiles led to the rise of port cities like Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras where merchants and artisans lived in the new "Black Towns" established by European trading companies.
This document provides biographical information about author Roald Dahl and lists some of his most important works. It then shows illustrations of various plants and animals, some real and some imaginary creatures featured in Dahl's stories. The illustrations include trees like Douglas Fir and Oak, as well as made-up creatures like the Whistle Pig, Pollyfrog, and Stinging Slug.
- The Muslim rule in India began in 712 CE with the arrival of Muhammad bin Qasim, who established Islamic rule in the subcontinent. Major Muslim dynasties that ruled parts of India included the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire.
- The Mughal Empire rose to power in 1526 when Babur defeated the Delhi Sultanate at Panipat and went on to rule northern India for over 200 years. Major Mughal emperors included Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb. The empire started declining after Aurangzeb's death in 1707.
- The British East India Company established trading posts in India in the early
Tipu Sultan was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore and known as the "Tiger of Mysore". He received a religious and military education. As the ruler, he promoted Islamic education and replaced Hindu systems with Islamic ones, such as introducing an Islamic calendar. Tipu fought several wars against the British East India Company but was ultimately defeated and killed in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799.
Here is another creative presentation by your slide maker on the topic “Tipu Sultan".
Hope you like it. If you like it then please, *like*, *Download* and *Share*. By- Slide_maker4u (Abhishek Sharma) *******For presentation Orders, contact me on the Email addresses Written below******** Email- Sharmaabhishek576@gmail.com or Sharmacomputers87@gmail.com *******THANK YOU***************
1) The document discusses the establishment and rule of the Delhi Sultanate by various Turkic and Afghan slave dynasties between the 12th-14th centuries AD. It describes how Muhammad Ghori's generals like Qutb al-Din Aibak founded the Slave Dynasty and established Delhi as the capital.
2) It then outlines the rule of the later Slave Dynasty rulers like Iltutmish and Balban who consolidated and expanded the sultanate. The turbulent succession after Iltutmish is also summarized.
3) The rise of the Khalji dynasty under Jalaluddin and the major reforms and conquests of Alauddin Khalji, considered the most powerful
The document provides information about the Delhi Sultanate, which ruled northern India for 320 years between 1206-1526 AD. It discusses the five dynasties that ruled during this period: the Slave Dynasty, the Khalji Dynasty, the Tughlaq Dynasty, the Sayyid Dynasty, and the Lodhi Dynasty. For each dynasty, it lists the sultans and provides some background information about important events and policies during their reigns. It also describes a quiz round that was part of the group presentation.
The document summarizes the political and economic context in Bengal leading up to the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which marked the transition to British colonial rule. It describes the growing power of European trading companies in the region and their competition. It outlines the political instability in Bengal under Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah, including tensions with the British East India Company. It then explains how Robert Clive conspired with Mir Jafar, commander of the Nawab's army, to depose Siraj ud-Daulah with the promise of power and payment, culminating in the Company's victory at Plassey and the installation of Mir Jafar as the new Nawab under
Class 7 Chapter 6 Towns , traders and craftpersons Vruddhi
Several types of towns developed in medieval India, including capital towns which served as centers of administration and manufacturing. Port towns engaged in maritime trade, and new towns were founded by rulers like Shahjahan. Temple towns were constructed by rulers and later grew large. Smaller towns had markets where villagers sold produce. Various trader communities operated in different regions and towns, and craftspeople specialized in skills like Bidri metalwork. Case studies described the historic towns of Hampi, Masulipatnam, and Surat, noting their origins, industries, and declines.
The document provides information about the Mughal Empire rulers from Babur to Aurangzeb in a series of letters. It lists each ruler's name, reign dates, important facts about them, and locations associated with them, such as the capital city and location of their tomb. For example, it mentions that Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat and wrote his autobiography Baburnama; Humayun lost power to Sher Shah Suri but regained control in 1556; and Shah Jahan shifted the capital to Delhi and built famous structures like the Taj Mahal and Red Fort.
The document provides a summary of the Mughal rulers of India from Babur to Aurangzeb. It discusses each ruler's background, major accomplishments, and how they came to power and died. Some of the key points covered include:
- Babur founded the Mughal Empire in 1526 and was succeeded by his son Humayun. He is believed to have been poisoned.
- Akbar greatly expanded the empire and instituted new administrative practices. He died of dysentery at age 63.
- Jahangir continued expansion and was known for his love of art. He died while traveling at age 58.
- Shah Jahan's reign marked the Golden Age, with
Sher Shah Sur was a 16th century ruler of India who established the Sur Empire from 1540 to 1555. He instituted major administrative reforms, building on the foundations of the Delhi Sultanate. Some key reforms included establishing a uniform coinage and taxation system, constructing a grand trunk road connecting major cities, and promoting education. Sher Shah proved to be a gifted military leader, conquering much of northern India and defeating the Mughal emperor Humayun twice in battle. Though his reign was brief, Sher Shah is remembered as one of the most effective rulers in the subcontinent for his transformative administrative policies.
The Great Artistic Mughal Ruler - ShahjahanKhanImran5975
Shah Jahan was the third son of emperor Jahangir and became emperor himself in 1628 after gaining support from his wife's family. As emperor, he had military successes expanding Mughal power in southern India and the northwest. However, some territories like Kandahar were later lost back to Persia. Shah Jahan is most famous for his passionate interest in architecture and magnificent buildings like the Taj Mahal, as well as structures in the Red Fort complex in Delhi.
The document summarizes several important historical structures built by rulers in India between the 8th and 18th centuries. These include forts, palaces, tombs, temples, mosques, and public works like tanks, wells, and bazaars. Some key structures discussed are the Qutub Minar tower in Delhi, Kandariya Mahadeva Temple in Khajuraho, Rajarajeshwara Temple in Kerala, Humayun's Tomb and Taj Mahal in Agra, as well as early mosques, temples and the Golden Temple in Amritsar. Rulers hoped such construction would win praise and care for subjects.
The document discusses the development of towns and urbanization in ancient and medieval India. It provides examples of temple towns like Thanjavur that developed around important religious sites. Temples were central to the economy and society, with rulers and pilgrims donating wealth. Nearby artisans and traders established to support temple activities, leading to the growth of towns. Other town types discussed include administrative centers, ports supporting international trade, and pilgrimage centers that developed into populated areas. Crafts like weaving and metalworking became specialized skills in urban settings.
Tipu Sultan was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India from 1782 until his death in 1799. He fought four wars against the British East India Company in an effort to preserve his kingdom's independence. In the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War, the British led a coalition of over 50,000 troops against Tipu Sultan's forces and besieged his capital city of Seringapatam. On May 4, 1799, Tipu Sultan was killed while defending a breach in the city walls, and Seringapatam fell to the British, ending Mysore's independence. Though unsuccessful, Tipu Sultan is still remembered today as a brilliant military leader and freedom fighter who resisted
The Mughal Empire ruled most of India and Pakistan in the 16th and 17th centuries, consolidating Islam and spreading Muslim culture and arts. The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526 by Babur and expanded under great rulers like Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb. However, religious conflicts and rebellions eventually led to the decline of the Mughal Empire after Aurangzeb's death in 1707.
The East India Company began as a trading organization with a royal charter from Queen Elizabeth I in 1600. This allowed it to trade goods between Europe and Asia. Over time, as the Company competed with other European powers for trade and markets, it expanded its territorial control in India through battles and alliances. Key events included the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which gave the Company control of Bengal, and the assumption of the diwani of Bengal in 1765, which provided tax revenue. Through treaties, subsidiary alliances that removed local armed forces, and the Doctrine of Lapse, the Company annexed more Indian states. By the mid-1800s, it had established direct and indirect control over most
The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526 by Babur after his victories at Panipat and Khanwa. He established the empire in India and was succeeded by his son Humayun after his death in 1530. Humayun's rule was interrupted but he regained control in 1555 until his death. He was followed by his son Akbar, who greatly expanded the empire. Later rulers included Jahangir, Shah Jahan who built the Taj Mahal, Aurangzeb, and finally Bahadur Shah Zafar, who was exiled after the 1857 rebellion, bringing an end to the Mughal Empire.
Grade - 8 Geography Chapter - 4. Agriculture Navya Rai
Grade - 8 Geography Chapter - 4. Agriculture
Agriculture describes the practice of growing crops or raising animals.
The transformation from a plant to a finished product involves three types of economic activities- They are Primary, Secondary and Tertiary
The document summarizes the history of the Mughal Empire in India from its founding in 1526 by Babur to its decline in the 18th century. It focuses on key rulers like Akbar, who expanded the empire and promoted religious tolerance, but also Aurangzeb, whose policies of religious intolerance weakened the empire. External threats from groups like the Marathas and invasions by the Afghan Nadir Shah further contributed to the declining control of the Mughals and the rise of European power in India.
1) Urethan was the capital of the Cholas located on the banks of the Kaveri River, known for its temples including the Swarajes temple built by King Jararaca Chola.
2) Temple towns like Urethan were important centers of urbanization, with temples central to the economy and society. Rulers built temples and pilgrims made donations supporting trade and banking.
3) In the 18th century, demand for Indian textiles led to the rise of port cities like Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras where merchants and artisans lived in the new "Black Towns" established by European trading companies.
This document provides biographical information about author Roald Dahl and lists some of his most important works. It then shows illustrations of various plants and animals, some real and some imaginary creatures featured in Dahl's stories. The illustrations include trees like Douglas Fir and Oak, as well as made-up creatures like the Whistle Pig, Pollyfrog, and Stinging Slug.
- The Muslim rule in India began in 712 CE with the arrival of Muhammad bin Qasim, who established Islamic rule in the subcontinent. Major Muslim dynasties that ruled parts of India included the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire.
- The Mughal Empire rose to power in 1526 when Babur defeated the Delhi Sultanate at Panipat and went on to rule northern India for over 200 years. Major Mughal emperors included Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb. The empire started declining after Aurangzeb's death in 1707.
- The British East India Company established trading posts in India in the early
Tipu Sultan was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore and known as the "Tiger of Mysore". He received a religious and military education. As the ruler, he promoted Islamic education and replaced Hindu systems with Islamic ones, such as introducing an Islamic calendar. Tipu fought several wars against the British East India Company but was ultimately defeated and killed in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799.
Sita ram goel the story of islamic imperialism in indiaIndiaInspires
This document summarizes the history of Islamic rule in India from the 11th century onwards based on Muslim historians' accounts. It describes how rulers like Mahmud Ghaznavi, Muhammad Ghuri, the Khiljis, Tughlaqs, and others destroyed Hindu temples and monasteries, slaughtered civilians, and spread Islam through force. It argues that Hindu rulers failed to collectively defend against the foreign invaders and were unprepared for the violent nature of Islamic imperialism, allowing the conquest of most of India over time.
The Mughals created a vast empire in South Asia between the 16th and 18th centuries. The first Mughal emperor, Babur, conquered Delhi and Agra in 1526, defeating the Sultan of Delhi. His grandson Akbar became emperor at age 13 in 1556 and pursued policies of religious tolerance, treating people of all faiths equally. He encouraged debate and discussion of religious ideas. The empire reached its peak under Shah Jahan, who built the Taj Mahal and new capital of Shahjahanabad. However, the empire declined under Aurangzeb as he faced many revolts and spent many resources trying to expand into the Deccan plateau.
The Mughal Empire reached its greatest physical size under Aurangzeb Alamgir's 50-year reign, though it also showed signs of decline. As the last great Mughal ruler, Aurangzeb expanded the empire southward while restoring Mughal military dominance. The Mughals followed a religion of "universal peace" known as sulh-i-kul, which tolerated people of all religions and allowed them to practice freely in the empire's mosques, churches, and temples. Prior, Babur had established the Mughal dynasty by defeating the Sultan of Delhi at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 and capturing Delhi and Agra.
Rajputs
Scythians
Hunas
Indigenous tribes
Gahadavalas of Kannauj
Paramaras of Malwa
Chauhans of Ajmer
Kalachuris of Jabalpur
Chandellas of Bundhelkhand
Egalitarianism
Rajput Coins
Culture
Nagara Style Architecture
Nagara Style Architecture – Sun Temple at Konark
Developments in the Middle East
Ghaznavids ruled region
Mahmud of Ghazni
Hindu-Muslim interactions
Akbar the Great was the third and one of the greatest emperors of the Mughal Empire, ruling from 1556 until his death in 1605. He significantly expanded the empire, establishing a centralized administration and stable tax system. Akbar was also known for his religious tolerance, abolishing discriminatory taxes on non-Muslims, encouraging interfaith discussions, and even founding his own religion called the Din-i-Ilahi that promoted universal peace and tolerance across religious differences.
The document provides a history of Islam in India from the 8th century to 1857 CE. It discusses several key points:
- The first mosque in India was built in 629 CE in Kerala by Malik Bin Dinar.
- The first major conquest of areas in modern day Pakistan was led by Muhammad bin Qasim in 711 CE, establishing the dominion of the Umayyad Caliphate in Sindh and southern Punjab.
- Several powerful Islamic dynasties and empires ruled parts of India over subsequent centuries, including the Delhi Sultanate from 1206-1526 CE and the Mughal Empire from 1526-1858 CE, introducing Islamic traditions and contributing to cultural
The document provides information on several Islamic dynasties that ruled northern India from the 13th to 16th centuries, including the Delhi Sultanate period. It discusses the Mamluk/Slave dynasty (1206-1290 AD), the Khilji dynasty (1290-1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320-1415), the Sayyid dynasty (1414-1451), and the Lodhi dynasty (1451-1526), which was the last ruling family of the Delhi sultanate. Key rulers mentioned include Iltutmish, Balban, Alauddin Khilji, and Muhammad bin Tughluq. The document also provides some context on the administration
This document provides an overview of the nobility during the reign of Akbar the Great in the Mughal Empire. It defines nobility and discusses the organization, composition, and types of nobility during the Sultanate period and under Babur and Humayun. It then focuses on the nobility during Akbar's reign, describing how he reorganized it and drew nobles from various communities. It discusses the mansabdari system of ranking nobility and their roles, salaries, and maintenance responsibilities. Finally, it notes some problems among the nobility and highlights some of Akbar's key nobles.
The Mughal Empire was established in India in 1526 and lasted until the mid-1700s. It was founded by Babur, a descendant of Genghis Khan, who conquered parts of India. The empire reached its peak under Akbar, who practiced religious tolerance, established an efficient bureaucracy, and eliminated discriminatory taxes on non-Muslims. However, later emperors like Aurangzeb reversed these policies and oppressed non-Muslims, leading to rebellion and a weakening of the empire. As the Mughals declined in the 1700s, European powers like the British and French took control over the subcontinent.
- In 1857, sepoys in the British East India Company's army mutinied in Meerut over new equipment and punishments. They freed imprisoned sepoys and declared war on the British.
- The sepoys traveled to Delhi and convinced the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar to support their rebellion. Many rulers and peasants then rose up against British rule across northern India.
- The rebellion spread rapidly as many resented British interference and taxation. However, the British eventually regained control by 1859 through military victories and policies to win back Indian loyalty. The East India Company's power was transferred to the British Crown.
The Mughals were a Turkic-Mongol dynasty that ruled northern Indian from the early 16th to mid-18th century. Key Mughal emperors included Babur, who founded the empire, Humayun, Akbar the Great who expanded it greatly through conquest and policy, Shah Jahan who built the Taj Mahal, and Aurangzeb who expanded the empire to its greatest extent but was also intolerant of other religions. The Mughals established a centralized administration system and strong military to control their large empire. Their revenue system organized tax collection and their nobility were rewarded with land grants. Villages were largely self-sufficient agricultural communities while cities had bazaars and royal women
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1. The Real Tipu
A Brief History of Tipu Sultan
Presentation Based on a
Book by
H. D. Sharma
2. India in 18th century
• After Aurangzeb Mughal Empire vanished
because of the bigotry, intolerance and wrong
policies.
• With the weakening of central rule, local
governors, nawabs and rajas declared
themselves independent one by one.
3. Rulers of India in 18th century
• Bengal was ruled by Siraj-ud-daula(1756-57), Mir
Jafar(1757-60) & Mir Kasim(1760-63).
• Awadh came under Shuja-ud-daula.
• Ranjit Singh(1780-1839) consolidated the Sikh Empire in
Punjab and extended it to Kashmir & North-west
Frontier.
• Jats were active around UP and Bihar.
• Marathas covered the largest parts Maharashtra,
Gujarat, Central Provinces.
• Mysore was ruled by Hindu dynasty Wodeyars.
• There were many other small states ruled by Hindu rajas and
Muslim Nawabs.
5. Foreign powers in India
• Two foreign powers- English and the French
took advantage of this tumulus and chaotic
situation.
• British were more successful, they had built forts
at Madras & Calcutta.
• They got Bombay as a part of dowry given to
Charles II when he married Catherine.
6. Northern India came under English rule
• English defeated Siraj-ud-daula in the battle of
Plassey in 1757. And then ruled Bengal.
• In 1764 the English defeated the combined
forces of Mir-Qasim, Shuja-ud-daula of Awadh
and Mughal king Shas alam II at Buxar
• Bihar was annexed and Awadh had sign the
notorious Subsidiary treaty.
• Thus, the whole of Gagnatic plane came under
the direct or indirect English rule
8. English-French Conflict
• Initially French defeated English and occupied
Madras for sometime.
• The French were defeated in the third Carnatic
war at Wandiwash.
• After that the French influence declined and
French soldiers in India fought for whoever paid
them well.
9. It is believed that
Haider Ali
Haider‟s ancestors were
from Baghdad, settled in
Punjab and later
migrated to the south.
10. Haider Ali’s family background
• Haider‟s father Fatah Muhammad was soldier
• Fatah Muhammad had 3 wives & 5 sons. Shahbaz &
Hiader were born to the youngest wife, whom he had
married along with her sisters.
• After Fatah‟s death, his family was not treated well.
So they migrated to Bangalore.
• When the boys grew up they were brought to
Seringapatam where Commander-in-Chief Nanjaraj
employed them as soldiers
11. Haider-From a soldier to the
Ruler of Mysore
• He soon rose in ranks because of his wicked
ways and bravery.
• He slowly usurped power(1761)of the king
though officially he remained a regent
throughout his life .
12. Haider Ali Plundered Bednur
• In 1763, Rani Virammaji of Bednur was defeated
by Haider. Bednur was plundered for many days
& was burnt down.
• Rani Virammaji was humiliated & imprisoned
but was rescued by Marathas.
• By the time Raja Nanjaraja Wodeyar came of age
and started to assert authority. Haider got him
killed in 1771.
13. First and second Mysore wars
• After the First Mysore War Haider agreed to join
Nizam and Marathas against the English.
• Haider did not live to see the end of this
protracted war & died in a camp in December
1782.
• His son Tipu continued this war till March 1784.
14. Haider’s character
• Haider was not a bigot and respected Hindu
religion and tradition.
• Though he was a very cruel, extremely avaricious
treacherous and unscrupulous person but he
never mixed religion with politics.
• He was illiterate but was full of ambitions.
• He was one of the few secular Muslim rulers in
India.
15. Tipu Sultan
Tipu Sultan was the
son of Haider Ali
and haider‟s third
wife Fakhr-un-Nissa
16. Tipu Sultan- Islamic zealot
• Haider appointed a „maulvi‟ for Tipu‟ education.
• As a result Tipu became a religious zealot and he
hated everything that was not connected to Islam.
• Tipu built a musjid (mosque) in every town and
appointed a „Moula‟ and „Kazi‟ to promote Islamic
education.
18. Jama Masjid
The mosque built
by Tipu Sultan in
Srirangapatnam.
19. Haider was not happy with Tipu’s
character. So he made him sign ‘Iqrar
nama’
20. Iqrar Nama
• I must be punished if I do anything without the proper
permission of Hazarat Khudawand Nimat (Haider Ali Khan)
• I must be hanged if I commit any act of theft or embezzlement
while performing duties, pertinent to government.
• I must be put to gallows if I am bound telling any lie or
commit any act of treachery.
• I should be exiled after being deposed if I am found to accept
„nazr‟(offering) or any such thing from any quarter without the
information of „Huzur‟ (Haider Ali Khan).
21. Iqrar Nama
• I must be killed if found indulging in consultation (conspiracy)
with any person or agency on matters other than pertaining to
my relevant duties and functions.
• If I am assigned the governorship of any territory of the State
and armed force is placed under my command for the said
purpose then 1 would be duty bound to act in consultation
only with those nobles or officers who are appointed by the
'Huzur ' in this connect ion. In case 1 am found acting
otherwise my head must be severed.
22. Iqrar Nama
• I am pledge herewith to act only on the advice of the
councilors appointed by the Huzur if 1 receive any
communication from any quarter (local or foreign).
• I am placing these clauses on record of my own accord with
their memory preserved duly in my heart and. hereby, resolve
to strictly adhere to them; and in the event 1 am found acting
contrary to the spirit of the text 1 must be punished in the
manner deemed suitable by the Huzur ."
23. Daria-Daulat-Bagh
Tipu Sultan's
summer palace
at
Srirangapatnam,
Karnataka
24. Lal-Mahal
The ruins of Tipu's
Palace - Lal Mahal
at Srirangapatana.
26. • After Haider‟s death, Tipu antagonized and even
killed the Haider‟s most trusted generals.
• Haider‟s cabinet consisted mainly of Hindus.
• But Tipu kept his higher command in the family.
Several of his top generals were his relatives.
27. • Tipu ordained that all the revenue records would
be kept in Persian language replacing other local
languages.
• He even confiscated funds of the temples.
• He replaced the Hindu calendar with an Islamic
calendar based on the life of prophet Muhammad.
28. Tipu was a mighty changer of old pagan names, so
as to give them a Muslim cast.
Calicut Ferokhabad
Chitaldurg Farrukh-yab-Hissar
Coorg Zafarabad
Devanhalli Yusafabad
Dindigal Khalilabad
Gooty Fyze-il-azum After Tipu‟s death
Mysore Nazarabad these Islamic names
Pennkonda Fakhrabad were forgotten and the
Sankridurg Muzzafarabad old traditional names
Sira rustmabad replaced them.
Brahmapuri Sultanpet
29. Tipu’s Islamic Coins
• He issued gold, silver and copper coins. They
were named after prophet Muhammad, the first
2 Caliphs and the 12 Shia imams.
▫ On the obverse is written:
“the religion of Ahmud enlightened the world
from the victories of Hydur.”
▫ And on the reverse:
“He is the sole and only just king.”
30. Coins of Tipu Sultan
Most of the coins
were Arabic and
Persian coins
which hardly any
Mysorean could
understand.
31.
32.
33.
34. Revenue and Trade
• The state monopolized the sale of sandalwood,
pepper, tobacco and the precious metals.
• Export and import was prohibited for the
protection of domestic trade.
• Only trade from true believers from Arabia was
encouraged.
• Since commerce and banking were in the hands
of Hindus, they were ruined by such measures.
35. Treacherous nature of Tipu Sultan
• One clause of the treaty of Mangalore was to to
exchange the prisoners of war.
• But Tipu ordered the killing of many prisoners
of war including Gen. Matthews even after
signing the treaty.
36. Atrocities in Coorg
• He imprisoned about 40,000 to 50,000 of the
population in the Coorg.
• Prisoners were driven off like herd of cattle to
Seringapatam where they were converted to
Islam
• Land in Coorg was distributed to Muslim
settlers.
37. Tipu was born as ‘Tipu Sultan’ and
died as ‘Tipu Sultan’
38. • Tipu was aware of his low birth. Sultan was only
a part of his name not his title.
• Tipu demanded as a preliminary an inter-
marriage in the families, but Nizam considered
himself of superior lineage to that of Tipu so the
negotiation came to nothing.
• He even tried to copy Mughal Emperor Akbar
and wanted to marry a Rajput princess. but all in
vain.
39. Tipu’s Harem
• There were 601 inmates altogether
▫ 268 relicts of Haider Ali.
▫ 333 of Tipu
• Tipu classified 2 as wives, 80 as women of superior
grades and the rest as their attendants or slaves.
• There were 2 sisters of the Raja of Coorg, 3 members
of Mysore family & a Purnaiya‟s niece.
• Most of the women of harem were Hindus whom he
had put to death or held in confinement.
40. Tigers in Tipu’s palace
• On most of his armaments Tipu had inscribed a
cyper „Asad ullah al Ghalib‟(The lion of the God
is the conqueror).
• He kept many tigers chained at the palace gate.
Prisoners were often tossed to the chained tigers
to be devoured by them.
41. The Throne was
made of gold,
ornamented with
The Throne
jewels of great
value in the shape
of tiger. But Tipu
was never
destined to sit
upon his throne
42. 3rd Mysore war
• Tipu attacked district of Travancore which
resulted in 3rd Mysore war.
• He was defeated in 3rd Mysore war.
• The war ended with signing of the Treaty of
Seringapatnam according to which Tipu had to
surrender half of his kingdom to the English
company and send his two sons to them as the
hostages of war.
43. Treaty of Seringapatnam
Lieutenant
General Lord
Cornwallis
receiving
Tipu Sultan‟s
sons as
hostages.
44. Attack on Malabar and Travancore
• He looted the inmates of everything including
ornaments of ladies & destroyed about 8,000 temples.
• He appointed a Shaikh-ul-Islam in each district to teach
the forcibly converted people the ways of Islam.
• Tipu forcibly converted about 2,000 Nairs to Islam.
• Some unhappy captives gave a force assent & on the
next day the rite of circumcision was performed on all
males.
• Every individual was compelled to close the ceremony
by eating beef.
45. 4th Mysore war
• On May 3rd the English succeeded in making a
breach in Forts‟ wall, & were ready for assault.
• Tipu was the prey to great despondency & had no
real confidence in his ability to put up the fight.
46.
47. • He sought the predictions of the astrologers
whose science he had earlier derided. They
warned him that 4th may was ominous.
• Tipu, the bigoted ruler hated the sight of the
Brahmins & had taken great delight in
converting them to Islam.
• He begged the divine blessings of the Hindu
gods whose idols & temples he had destroyed.
49. 4th May-The Battle
• He got the that his most loyal officer, Saiyad
Gaffar had been killed.
• There was a confusion all around. Tipu‟s soldiers
& other people were trying to escape.
• He was shot dead in the crowd and his body was
left to be trampled into obscurity among the
heap of dead and dying.
50. On May 4th,1799,
Death of Tipu Sultan
the English army
aided by the
betrayers broke
through out the
defending walls
and Tipu Sultan
died fighting.
52. Tipu’s body was found here
A close-up view of
the battleground
where Tipu‟s body
was found. The
plaque was placed
by the
archaeological
department.
53.
54.
55. After quite a number of dead bodies
were dragged, Tipu’s body was found.
English buried his body by the side of
his father with honor.
Which only the highly civilized of
English could do to an enemy during
those wild and savage days.
56. Finding body of Tipu
Sir David Baird
discovering the
body of Tipu
Sultan
57. Tipu Sultan’s tomb at Srirangapatna.
Tippu's tomb is in
the foreground
and on the sides
are his parents'
58. After the defeat of Tipu
• Marathas were offered district of Sunda and
Harpanahalli but Peshwa refused it, because
they didn‟t participated in the war.
• The remaining Mysore was set aside for the
ancient Mysore rulers.
• Tipu‟s family was sent to Vellore and liberal
allowance were given to his family members.
60. Was Tipu sultan a nationalist???
• It is said that Tipu was the last king of the Indian
rulers who fought the English in an attempt to
save India from foreign domination.
• In 18th century India was divided into small
states & feudal principalities. Nobody in those
days was thinking of the nation. So there was
concept like „fighting for India‟.
61. He was not a nationalist by any stretch
of imagination
• It is also asserted that Tipu was defeated due to
the treachery of the Indian rulers like the
Marathas and the Nizam.
• Tipu was not fighting for the „freedom of India‟.
He was fighting for himself. The French, who
were the enemies of the English, supported Tipu
for this purpose.
• The seed of Hindu nationalism was sown by
Shivaji which was continued by Marathas.
69. Tipu is remembered today for his
religious zeal by his co-religionists and
for his atrocities by the Hindus and
Christians of Kerala and Coorg. He is
considered as the Aurangzeb of the
south.