This document discusses infectious diseases of the genitourinary tract, including definitions of irritative voiding symptoms and objectives for discussing urinary tract infections, prostatitis, epididymitis, and pyelonephritis. It covers etiology, epidemiology, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic workup, and treatment of these conditions. Specific populations like pregnant women, children, and differences between males and females are addressed.
Uti -for_non-urologists-uncomplicated and complicatedmaiim
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs). It notes that UTIs are the second most common infectious presentation seen in primary care. While UTIs can affect both males and females of all ages, they are more common in women due to anatomical factors. The document reviews the pathogenesis, classification, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of both uncomplicated and complicated UTIs. It provides treatment guidelines and notes the importance of considering local antibiotic resistance patterns when selecting therapy.
UTI AND HEMATURIA
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs) and hematuria. It covers topics such as the different levels of UTIs, grading severity, risk factors, definitions of uncomplicated and complicated UTIs, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of acute cystitis and pyelonephritis. It also discusses recurrent UTIs, UTIs during pregnancy, in postmenopausal women, and complicated cases involving diabetes, HIV, renal transplants and chronic kidney disease. The document provides detailed guidelines on diagnosis, treatment, antibiotic selection and follow up for the various types of UTIs and patient populations.
This document summarizes recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. It defines UTIs and discusses epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, risk factors, complications like vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and renal scarring, and prevention. Evaluation and long-term management of UTIs depends on identifying and addressing underlying causes like VUR, obstruction, dysfunctional voiding, or hypercalciuria.
This document defines various types of urinary tract infections including asymptomatic bacteriuria, cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, and catheter-associated bacteriuria. It discusses risk factors for UTIs such as female anatomy, diabetes, pregnancy, and functional or anatomic abnormalities of the urinary tract. UTIs are more common in women than men and the risk increases with age, sexual activity, prior UTIs, and medical conditions like diabetes. Complications can include preterm birth, perinatal death, and pyelonephritis.
This document provides an overview of infections of the urinary tract. It discusses various types of urinary tract infections including asymptomatic bacteriuria, cystitis, pyelonephritis, and prostatitis. For each type of infection, the document covers epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, microbiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment recommendations. It provides treatment guidelines from IDSA and discusses considerations for complicated infections and those involving the upper urinary tract or occurring in men.
This document summarizes urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. Key points:
- UTIs are common in children, especially young girls. Left untreated, they can cause renal damage.
- Diagnosis is made by urine culture showing significant bacterial growth. Symptoms vary from asymptomatic to fever and abdominal pain.
- Risk factors include being female, age under 5 years, and anatomical abnormalities like vesicoureteral reflux.
- Treatment involves antibiotics, with hospitalization for young infants or complicated cases. Recurrent UTIs may require long-term antibiotics.
- Evaluation after first UTI assesses risk of renal damage through ultrasound, DMSA scan, and voiding cystourethro
1. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in women, increasing after adolescence and sexual activity. They can lead to medical complications and increased healthcare costs.
2. UTIs are classified as lower or upper tract infections. Common causes are E. coli and other bacteria. Risk factors include sexual activity and use of diaphragms.
3. Symptomatic UTIs require treatment, while asymptomatic bacteriuria often does not. Treatment depends on the type and severity of infection. Recurrent infections may require long-term preventative antibiotics.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria occurs when significant bacterial growth is detected in a urine culture without any urinary symptoms. It is more common in women than men and people with urinary catheters. While usually harmless, it can increase risks for kidney infections in pregnancy or for those with diabetes, kidney stones, or transplants. Treatment is recommended for high-risk groups and before some procedures to prevent complications. Proteinuria and hematuria in pregnancy can be caused by infections, preeclampsia, trauma, or underlying kidney diseases and require evaluation and management depending on the underlying cause.
Uti -for_non-urologists-uncomplicated and complicatedmaiim
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs). It notes that UTIs are the second most common infectious presentation seen in primary care. While UTIs can affect both males and females of all ages, they are more common in women due to anatomical factors. The document reviews the pathogenesis, classification, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of both uncomplicated and complicated UTIs. It provides treatment guidelines and notes the importance of considering local antibiotic resistance patterns when selecting therapy.
UTI AND HEMATURIA
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs) and hematuria. It covers topics such as the different levels of UTIs, grading severity, risk factors, definitions of uncomplicated and complicated UTIs, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of acute cystitis and pyelonephritis. It also discusses recurrent UTIs, UTIs during pregnancy, in postmenopausal women, and complicated cases involving diabetes, HIV, renal transplants and chronic kidney disease. The document provides detailed guidelines on diagnosis, treatment, antibiotic selection and follow up for the various types of UTIs and patient populations.
This document summarizes recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. It defines UTIs and discusses epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, risk factors, complications like vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and renal scarring, and prevention. Evaluation and long-term management of UTIs depends on identifying and addressing underlying causes like VUR, obstruction, dysfunctional voiding, or hypercalciuria.
This document defines various types of urinary tract infections including asymptomatic bacteriuria, cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, and catheter-associated bacteriuria. It discusses risk factors for UTIs such as female anatomy, diabetes, pregnancy, and functional or anatomic abnormalities of the urinary tract. UTIs are more common in women than men and the risk increases with age, sexual activity, prior UTIs, and medical conditions like diabetes. Complications can include preterm birth, perinatal death, and pyelonephritis.
This document provides an overview of infections of the urinary tract. It discusses various types of urinary tract infections including asymptomatic bacteriuria, cystitis, pyelonephritis, and prostatitis. For each type of infection, the document covers epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, microbiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment recommendations. It provides treatment guidelines from IDSA and discusses considerations for complicated infections and those involving the upper urinary tract or occurring in men.
This document summarizes urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. Key points:
- UTIs are common in children, especially young girls. Left untreated, they can cause renal damage.
- Diagnosis is made by urine culture showing significant bacterial growth. Symptoms vary from asymptomatic to fever and abdominal pain.
- Risk factors include being female, age under 5 years, and anatomical abnormalities like vesicoureteral reflux.
- Treatment involves antibiotics, with hospitalization for young infants or complicated cases. Recurrent UTIs may require long-term antibiotics.
- Evaluation after first UTI assesses risk of renal damage through ultrasound, DMSA scan, and voiding cystourethro
1. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in women, increasing after adolescence and sexual activity. They can lead to medical complications and increased healthcare costs.
2. UTIs are classified as lower or upper tract infections. Common causes are E. coli and other bacteria. Risk factors include sexual activity and use of diaphragms.
3. Symptomatic UTIs require treatment, while asymptomatic bacteriuria often does not. Treatment depends on the type and severity of infection. Recurrent infections may require long-term preventative antibiotics.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria occurs when significant bacterial growth is detected in a urine culture without any urinary symptoms. It is more common in women than men and people with urinary catheters. While usually harmless, it can increase risks for kidney infections in pregnancy or for those with diabetes, kidney stones, or transplants. Treatment is recommended for high-risk groups and before some procedures to prevent complications. Proteinuria and hematuria in pregnancy can be caused by infections, preeclampsia, trauma, or underlying kidney diseases and require evaluation and management depending on the underlying cause.
This document provides rationales and summaries for 15 references related to the prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs). The references discuss factors like asymptomatic bacteriuria, antimicrobial treatment, genital hygiene practices, sexual activity, fluid intake, constipation, post-menopausal status, and use of D-mannose or estradiol treatments that may impact risk of UTIs. Many of the references are randomized controlled trials or literature reviews that aim to determine effective prevention strategies and risk factors for recurrent UTIs.
1. Urinary tract infections are caused by bacterial infections anywhere along the urinary tract. Boys under 1 year and girls under 4 years have the highest risk. Risk factors include lack of circumcision in boys, vesicoureteral reflux, constipation, and bladder/bowel dysfunction.
2. Symptoms vary by age but can include fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and poor feeding. Diagnosis involves urinalysis, urine culture, and imaging tests like ultrasound and voiding cystourethrogram. Treatment is with oral or intravenous antibiotics depending on severity. Recurrent infections may require long-term antibiotic prophylaxis. Complications can include renal scarring and chronic kidney disease if left
Pediatric urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children, especially girls under the age of 1. Left untreated, UTIs can cause renal scarring and long-term kidney damage. Diagnosis involves urine tests to check for white blood cells and bacteria. Treatment depends on symptoms and severity but often involves antibiotics and hydration. Follow up is important to monitor for recurrent UTIs and issues like vesicoureteral reflux, as both increase risk of permanent kidney damage if not addressed.
This document provides information on urinary tract infections (UTIs). It defines different types of UTIs and describes the signs of pyelonephritis. It discusses how to determine if a urine culture is positive and what imaging may be needed. The document emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment of UTIs. It describes the typical causative organisms of community-acquired and nosocomial UTIs. Signs and symptoms of cystitis are outlined. Treatment recommendations include common antibiotic options and duration of treatment for UTIs.
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs) in older adults. It notes that UTIs are the most common source of bacteremia in long-term care facilities. Catheterized patients are 40 times more likely to develop bacteremia than non-catheterized patients. Bacteremia can lead to significant illness and death in elderly patients. The document reviews risk factors, symptoms, diagnostic criteria and types of UTIs seen in older populations.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in women. The document discusses risk factors for UTIs like female anatomy, sexual activity, birth control use, and menopause. It covers symptoms, types of UTIs, diagnosis, treatment options, prevention of recurrent UTIs, and managing UTIs during pregnancy and menopause. Complications can include kidney damage if left untreated, but prescription antibiotics generally cure most UTIs.
Treating the patient not the labstick. A guide to diagnosis and treatment of ...Linda Nazarko
This document provides information on diagnosing and treating urinary tract infections in adults. It discusses how UTIs should be diagnosed based on clinical symptoms rather than dipstick or culture results alone. Overdiagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria is common in older adults. Inappropriate antibiotic use can increase risks of antibiotic resistance, C. difficile infection, and adverse effects. Treatment considerations depend on factors like patient age, sex, and whether the infection is complicated or catheter-associated.
Management of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) in Females (New Born to Elderly)Ramayya Pramila
This document discusses the management of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in females from newborns to the elderly. It covers topics such as pathogenesis, classifications, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment for various types of UTIs including cystitis, pyelonephritis, and urethritis. It also discusses considerations for recurrent UTIs, UTIs in special populations like pregnant and post-menopausal women, as well as pediatric UTIs. The development of antibiotic resistance is a growing problem discussed.
1. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children and can lead to serious complications if not properly treated.
2. A urine culture is needed to confirm the diagnosis, though collection can be challenging in young children. Imaging studies may also be used to identify structural abnormalities.
3. For most children with UTIs, oral antibiotics are used. However, more serious infections may require hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics. Long-term management focuses on preventing recurrences through modifications to diet, hygiene and other risk factors.
This document provides an overview of urinary tract infections (UTIs). It defines UTIs and lists the parts of the urinary tract. The pathophysiology and most common causes are described. Risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and management approaches are outlined for both uncomplicated and complicated UTIs in different populations like children, adults, pregnant women. Imaging tests and their appropriate uses are also summarized. Treatment options for UTIs in various groups are provided.
The document discusses urinary tract infections, including the spectrum of organisms that cause infections and their antibiotic resistance patterns in both inpatient and outpatient settings. It analyzes data from a study of 200 patients which found that Escherichia coli and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella were the most common organisms, and that resistance to fluoroquinolones was high. The document also provides an overview of different types of urinary tract infections and their treatments.
Uncomplicated UTI in Adult and Pregnant Woman,Dr. Sharda jain, Dr. Jyoti Bha...Lifecare Centre
Our Teamdedicated for giving knowledge & skill to doctors
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
UTI is the 2nd most common infectious presentation in community practice.
World wide, about 150 million people are diagnosed with UTI each year.
This document discusses recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTIs). It covers the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, risk factors, complications, and management of RUTIs. Some key points include:
- RUTIs are common, especially in women ages 20-40. Post-menopausal women are also at higher risk due to changes in vaginal flora and estrogen levels.
- E. coli is the most common cause. Risk factors include frequent sexual activity, spermicide use, and residual urine.
- Management involves treating acute infections based on culture and sensitivity results. Preventive options include continuous or post-coital antibiotic prophylaxis, as well as alternative therapies like cranberry and
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs). Some key points:
- UTIs affect about half of all people during their lifetime and cause over 10 million doctor visits annually in the US.
- UTIs are usually caused by bacteria like E. coli. Complicated UTIs involve anatomical abnormalities and are caused by more diverse microorganisms.
- Laboratory diagnosis of UTIs involves urine dipstick tests to detect bacteria, white blood cells, and nitrites. Microscopic examination can also find bacteria and white blood cells. Urine culture is the gold standard for confirmation.
- Definitions include uncomplicated vs complicated UTIs, asymptomatic bacteriuria, lower vs upper UTIs, and acute vs
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs), including:
1. Definitions, epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment principles of UTIs.
2. UTIs can be classified as upper (e.g. pyelonephritis) or lower (e.g. cystitis) depending on infection location. Escherichia coli is the most common causative agent.
3. Diagnosis involves urine culture and microscopy to detect bacteria and white blood cells. Treatment depends on infection type and culture sensitivities.
First Urinary Tract Infection Episode in Children: Are Procalcitonin Values & US Examination of Importance in the Diagnosis of Upper Urinary Tract Infection ?
This document summarizes urinary tract infections (UTIs). It defines UTIs as the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in the urinary system, including the urethra, bladder, and kidneys. UTIs are classified based on the infected region (upper vs lower tract), symptoms (symptomatic vs asymptomatic), and underlying defects (simple vs complicated). The most common causes are Escherichia coli and other gram-negative bacteria. Risk factors include female anatomy, prior instrumentation, age, and genetic predispositions. Symptoms vary based on the infected region and age. Diagnosis involves urine testing and culture. Treatment consists of antibiotics while prevention focuses on general hygiene and sometimes long-term antibiotic pro
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. It notes that UTIs are common in childhood and can lead to renal scarring if not treated properly. Escherichia coli is the most common cause of UTIs in children. The diagnosis of a UTI requires a positive urine culture. Treatment involves antibiotics, with younger or more severely infected children needing hospitalization. Recurrent UTIs may indicate an underlying condition like vesicoureteral reflux.
A urinary tract infection (UTI) can affect either the lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra) or upper urinary tract (kidneys and ureters). Common symptoms include burning during urination, increased frequency, and hematuria. Escherichia coli is the most frequent cause. Treatment depends on whether the infection is uncomplicated cystitis, complicated cystitis, recurrent cystitis, pyelonephritis, or prostatitis and involves antibiotics for varying durations.
a presentation about UTI. information from various textbooks and different journals and also from many peoples presentation is accumulated in this one file. i worked very hard for this project.
This document discusses various types of brain and spinal tumors. It covers topics such as:
- Common types of brain tumors including meningiomas, acoustic neuromas, pituitary adenomas, gliomas, and medulloblastomas.
- Diagnostic tests for brain tumors including MRI and specialized blood tests.
- Treatment options for different tumor types including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and radiosurgery.
- Differences in tumor locations and characteristics between adult and childhood brain tumors.
- Types of spinal cord tumors and their characteristics.
This document discusses the objectives, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of central nervous system infections, seizure disorders, and different types of seizures. It covers topics such as viral and bacterial meningitis, brain abscesses, classification of seizures, workup and treatment of epilepsy, and surgical options for refractory seizures. Diagnostic testing includes lumbar puncture, imaging like CT and MRI, and EEG. Management involves antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and sometimes surgery. Complications can include neurological deficits, but prognosis is generally good with appropriate treatment.
This document provides rationales and summaries for 15 references related to the prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs). The references discuss factors like asymptomatic bacteriuria, antimicrobial treatment, genital hygiene practices, sexual activity, fluid intake, constipation, post-menopausal status, and use of D-mannose or estradiol treatments that may impact risk of UTIs. Many of the references are randomized controlled trials or literature reviews that aim to determine effective prevention strategies and risk factors for recurrent UTIs.
1. Urinary tract infections are caused by bacterial infections anywhere along the urinary tract. Boys under 1 year and girls under 4 years have the highest risk. Risk factors include lack of circumcision in boys, vesicoureteral reflux, constipation, and bladder/bowel dysfunction.
2. Symptoms vary by age but can include fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and poor feeding. Diagnosis involves urinalysis, urine culture, and imaging tests like ultrasound and voiding cystourethrogram. Treatment is with oral or intravenous antibiotics depending on severity. Recurrent infections may require long-term antibiotic prophylaxis. Complications can include renal scarring and chronic kidney disease if left
Pediatric urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children, especially girls under the age of 1. Left untreated, UTIs can cause renal scarring and long-term kidney damage. Diagnosis involves urine tests to check for white blood cells and bacteria. Treatment depends on symptoms and severity but often involves antibiotics and hydration. Follow up is important to monitor for recurrent UTIs and issues like vesicoureteral reflux, as both increase risk of permanent kidney damage if not addressed.
This document provides information on urinary tract infections (UTIs). It defines different types of UTIs and describes the signs of pyelonephritis. It discusses how to determine if a urine culture is positive and what imaging may be needed. The document emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment of UTIs. It describes the typical causative organisms of community-acquired and nosocomial UTIs. Signs and symptoms of cystitis are outlined. Treatment recommendations include common antibiotic options and duration of treatment for UTIs.
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs) in older adults. It notes that UTIs are the most common source of bacteremia in long-term care facilities. Catheterized patients are 40 times more likely to develop bacteremia than non-catheterized patients. Bacteremia can lead to significant illness and death in elderly patients. The document reviews risk factors, symptoms, diagnostic criteria and types of UTIs seen in older populations.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in women. The document discusses risk factors for UTIs like female anatomy, sexual activity, birth control use, and menopause. It covers symptoms, types of UTIs, diagnosis, treatment options, prevention of recurrent UTIs, and managing UTIs during pregnancy and menopause. Complications can include kidney damage if left untreated, but prescription antibiotics generally cure most UTIs.
Treating the patient not the labstick. A guide to diagnosis and treatment of ...Linda Nazarko
This document provides information on diagnosing and treating urinary tract infections in adults. It discusses how UTIs should be diagnosed based on clinical symptoms rather than dipstick or culture results alone. Overdiagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria is common in older adults. Inappropriate antibiotic use can increase risks of antibiotic resistance, C. difficile infection, and adverse effects. Treatment considerations depend on factors like patient age, sex, and whether the infection is complicated or catheter-associated.
Management of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) in Females (New Born to Elderly)Ramayya Pramila
This document discusses the management of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in females from newborns to the elderly. It covers topics such as pathogenesis, classifications, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment for various types of UTIs including cystitis, pyelonephritis, and urethritis. It also discusses considerations for recurrent UTIs, UTIs in special populations like pregnant and post-menopausal women, as well as pediatric UTIs. The development of antibiotic resistance is a growing problem discussed.
1. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children and can lead to serious complications if not properly treated.
2. A urine culture is needed to confirm the diagnosis, though collection can be challenging in young children. Imaging studies may also be used to identify structural abnormalities.
3. For most children with UTIs, oral antibiotics are used. However, more serious infections may require hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics. Long-term management focuses on preventing recurrences through modifications to diet, hygiene and other risk factors.
This document provides an overview of urinary tract infections (UTIs). It defines UTIs and lists the parts of the urinary tract. The pathophysiology and most common causes are described. Risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and management approaches are outlined for both uncomplicated and complicated UTIs in different populations like children, adults, pregnant women. Imaging tests and their appropriate uses are also summarized. Treatment options for UTIs in various groups are provided.
The document discusses urinary tract infections, including the spectrum of organisms that cause infections and their antibiotic resistance patterns in both inpatient and outpatient settings. It analyzes data from a study of 200 patients which found that Escherichia coli and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella were the most common organisms, and that resistance to fluoroquinolones was high. The document also provides an overview of different types of urinary tract infections and their treatments.
Uncomplicated UTI in Adult and Pregnant Woman,Dr. Sharda jain, Dr. Jyoti Bha...Lifecare Centre
Our Teamdedicated for giving knowledge & skill to doctors
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
UTI is the 2nd most common infectious presentation in community practice.
World wide, about 150 million people are diagnosed with UTI each year.
This document discusses recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTIs). It covers the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, risk factors, complications, and management of RUTIs. Some key points include:
- RUTIs are common, especially in women ages 20-40. Post-menopausal women are also at higher risk due to changes in vaginal flora and estrogen levels.
- E. coli is the most common cause. Risk factors include frequent sexual activity, spermicide use, and residual urine.
- Management involves treating acute infections based on culture and sensitivity results. Preventive options include continuous or post-coital antibiotic prophylaxis, as well as alternative therapies like cranberry and
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs). Some key points:
- UTIs affect about half of all people during their lifetime and cause over 10 million doctor visits annually in the US.
- UTIs are usually caused by bacteria like E. coli. Complicated UTIs involve anatomical abnormalities and are caused by more diverse microorganisms.
- Laboratory diagnosis of UTIs involves urine dipstick tests to detect bacteria, white blood cells, and nitrites. Microscopic examination can also find bacteria and white blood cells. Urine culture is the gold standard for confirmation.
- Definitions include uncomplicated vs complicated UTIs, asymptomatic bacteriuria, lower vs upper UTIs, and acute vs
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs), including:
1. Definitions, epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment principles of UTIs.
2. UTIs can be classified as upper (e.g. pyelonephritis) or lower (e.g. cystitis) depending on infection location. Escherichia coli is the most common causative agent.
3. Diagnosis involves urine culture and microscopy to detect bacteria and white blood cells. Treatment depends on infection type and culture sensitivities.
First Urinary Tract Infection Episode in Children: Are Procalcitonin Values & US Examination of Importance in the Diagnosis of Upper Urinary Tract Infection ?
This document summarizes urinary tract infections (UTIs). It defines UTIs as the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in the urinary system, including the urethra, bladder, and kidneys. UTIs are classified based on the infected region (upper vs lower tract), symptoms (symptomatic vs asymptomatic), and underlying defects (simple vs complicated). The most common causes are Escherichia coli and other gram-negative bacteria. Risk factors include female anatomy, prior instrumentation, age, and genetic predispositions. Symptoms vary based on the infected region and age. Diagnosis involves urine testing and culture. Treatment consists of antibiotics while prevention focuses on general hygiene and sometimes long-term antibiotic pro
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. It notes that UTIs are common in childhood and can lead to renal scarring if not treated properly. Escherichia coli is the most common cause of UTIs in children. The diagnosis of a UTI requires a positive urine culture. Treatment involves antibiotics, with younger or more severely infected children needing hospitalization. Recurrent UTIs may indicate an underlying condition like vesicoureteral reflux.
A urinary tract infection (UTI) can affect either the lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra) or upper urinary tract (kidneys and ureters). Common symptoms include burning during urination, increased frequency, and hematuria. Escherichia coli is the most frequent cause. Treatment depends on whether the infection is uncomplicated cystitis, complicated cystitis, recurrent cystitis, pyelonephritis, or prostatitis and involves antibiotics for varying durations.
a presentation about UTI. information from various textbooks and different journals and also from many peoples presentation is accumulated in this one file. i worked very hard for this project.
This document discusses various types of brain and spinal tumors. It covers topics such as:
- Common types of brain tumors including meningiomas, acoustic neuromas, pituitary adenomas, gliomas, and medulloblastomas.
- Diagnostic tests for brain tumors including MRI and specialized blood tests.
- Treatment options for different tumor types including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and radiosurgery.
- Differences in tumor locations and characteristics between adult and childhood brain tumors.
- Types of spinal cord tumors and their characteristics.
This document discusses the objectives, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of central nervous system infections, seizure disorders, and different types of seizures. It covers topics such as viral and bacterial meningitis, brain abscesses, classification of seizures, workup and treatment of epilepsy, and surgical options for refractory seizures. Diagnostic testing includes lumbar puncture, imaging like CT and MRI, and EEG. Management involves antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and sometimes surgery. Complications can include neurological deficits, but prognosis is generally good with appropriate treatment.
The document provides instructions for installing CAP1200. It details unpacking the CAP1200 device from its packaging and connecting the necessary cables to set it up for use. Proper installation following the outlined steps ensures the CAP1200 will function correctly and be ready for configuration and operation.
Este documento es una solicitud de participación para una feria. Contiene secciones para proporcionar datos de la empresa expositora como nombre, dirección, teléfono y actividad principal. También permite solicitar opciones de stand como paquetes predefinidos, espacio adicional, coexpositores y publicidad online. El solicitante acepta las normas de la feria y proporciona la firma para finalizar la solicitud.
The survey aimed to understand the gap between what leaders want from strategic communication advisors and what they receive. Respondents identified issues on both sides, with leaders wanting more experienced advisors who provide strategic value but being unwilling to recognize their needs, and advisors sometimes failing to understand business goals or offer alternative solutions. The majority of respondents had advised leaders for over 10 years and spent at least half their time advising top leaders and business unit heads. While most liked or loved their role, some felt it was accidental rather than a career choice.
Betty works in accounts receivables and faces challenges from changing requirements, company growth, and the need to work promptly without mistakes. SPM's Billing Module has helped Betty bill efficiently and precisely by creating calendars and reports to process billing after payroll records hours and payments. The document discusses the benefits of an accounts receivable module for managing customer relations through quick access to information, multiple invoicing and payment options, automated recurring charges, and an integrated collections manager to track communications and follow-ups.
This document advertises a business opportunity to operate free "franchise" stores for a company called eCosway that sells various consumer products. It promotes the opportunity as having no investment, expenses, upfront stock purchase or risk. It outlines how store operators can earn profits from their own store sales as well as recruiting other business owners to their network. It claims individuals can qualify to apply for a free store after achieving a certain level of sales. The document emphasizes duplicating the model through recruiting others to build a large network.
An appraisal of cashless economy policy in development of nigerian economyAlexander Decker
This document discusses the cashless economy policy introduced in Nigeria and its potential impacts. It provides background on the policy and outlines its goals of reducing cash transactions and encouraging electronic payments. The study examines whether the policy will significantly benefit Nigerians and enhance financial stability in the country. It reviews perspectives both supporting and skeptical of the policy, citing concerns about infrastructure, cybercrime, and job losses. The study aims to gauge Nigerian acceptance of the policy and determine if it can serve as a viable alternative payment method.
This document provides an overview of thyroid gland anatomy, physiology, and disorders. It describes the thyroid's role in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and hormone synthesis. Disorders discussed include hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, myxedema, cretinism, and thyroid cancer. For each, the document outlines pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and management.
This document provides an overview of the assessment and management of genitourinary dysfunction in children. It discusses topics such as urinary tract infections, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, renal failure, dialysis, transplantation, and Wilms' tumor. Nursing priorities include thorough assessment, administering appropriate antibiotic therapy, managing complications, providing patient and family education, and preventing infections through aseptic technique.
This document discusses various disorders of micturition including lower urinary tract symptoms, urinary incontinence, urinary tract infections, and other related conditions. It covers the anatomy, innervation, blood supply, and various disorders such as urinary incontinence, UTIs, pelvic organ prolapse, and fistulae. Specific conditions discussed in more detail include stress incontinence, urge incontinence, acute and recurrent cystitis, acute and chronic pyelonephritis, and urethritis. The causes, risk factors, presentations, investigations, and management of each condition are summarized.
Urinary tract infections are common and usually caused by E. coli. Risk factors include incomplete bladder emptying and loss of host defenses. Symptoms include frequent urination and pain with urination. Diagnosis involves urine culture and treatment involves antibiotics like trimethoprim. Recurrent infections require investigating and treating underlying causes to prevent kidney damage. Asymptomatic bacteriuria often does not require treatment except in infants, pregnant women, and catheterized patients.
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs), including epidemiology, risk factors, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment. Some key points:
- UTIs are more common in females ages 1-50 and risk factors include sexual activity and anatomical abnormalities.
- Common causative organisms include E. coli, S. saprophyticus, and other bacteria depending on infection type (uncomplicated vs complicated).
- Symptoms range from asymptomatic bacteriuria to cystitis and pyelonephritis. Complications include emphysematous pyelonephritis.
- Diagnosis involves urinalysis and urine culture. Treatment depends on infection type and may include
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and can range from uncomplicated cystitis to complicated infections involving the kidneys. Acute pyelonephritis is a kidney infection that presents with flank pain, fever, and elevated white blood cell count. Perinephric abscess, pyonephrosis, emphysematous pyelonephritis, and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis are severe infections of the kidney that may require aggressive treatment such as percutaneous drainage or nephrectomy. Diagnosis involves urine culture and imaging tests, and treatment follows IDSA guidelines tailored to infection severity and complications.
Urinary tract disorder medical surgical nursing.pptssuser47b89a
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs). It begins by outlining the objectives of describing signs and symptoms, defining treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria, listing common bacteria and antibiotics, and outlining investigation and treatment of cystitis and pyelonephritis. It then discusses who is most at risk for UTIs, including women, those with voiding abnormalities, and those with instrumentation of the urinary tract. The document outlines signs, symptoms, investigations including urinalysis and culture, differential diagnoses, and treatment approaches including antibiotics and hospitalization for various types of UTIs like cystitis, pyelonephritis, and recurrent or complicated infections.
A 31-year-old female presented with painful urination, dysuria, urgency, and frequency. Her history was notable for a previous urinary tract infection. On examination, she was afebrile with no abdominal tenderness. A urinalysis showed bacteria and red blood cells. She was diagnosed with an uncomplicated urinary tract infection and prescribed levofloxacin and etoricoxib. Patients with uncomplicated infections typically improve with short-term antibiotic treatment, while those with recurrent infections may require long-term prophylaxis.
This document provides information on urinary tract infections (UTIs) and pyelonephritis. It discusses the common sites of UTIs, risk factors, etiology, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, classification, management, and treatment guidelines. It also covers acute and chronic pyelonephritis in detail, including risk factors, clinical presentation, complications, diagnosis, and management. The document is a comprehensive review of UTIs and pyelonephritis presented over 30 pages.
This document discusses urinary tract disorders including urinary tract infections (UTIs) and nephrolithiasis (kidney stones). It describes the types and causes of UTIs, risk factors, clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. It also covers the risk factors, workup, and treatment approaches for nephrolithiasis including surgical interventions and preventative measures.
This document discusses different types of prostatitis, including acute bacterial prostatitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis, chronic pelvic pain syndrome, and prostate abscess. It describes the presentation, findings, diagnostic approach, and management for each condition. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome is further divided into inflammatory and noninflammatory subtypes based on cytological examination findings. While antibiotics may help certain types of prostatitis, treatment for chronic pelvic pain syndrome focuses on medications, physical therapies, and occasionally minimally invasive procedures to manage symptoms.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can range from asymptomatic bacteriuria to severe kidney infection. Common symptoms include dysuria, urinary frequency and urgency. UTIs are more common in women than men. Types include cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis and pyelonephritis. Pyelonephritis is a kidney infection that can cause loin pain, fever and vomiting. It is generally treated with oral or IV antibiotics depending on severity. Complicated UTIs involve abnormal anatomy or immunity.
Terms about LUTI
Anatomy of prostate
Definition of prostatitis
Epidemiology of prostatitis
Etiology of prostatitis
Classification of prostatitis
Clinical presentation of prostatitis
Evaluation of prostatitis
Treatment of prostatitis
Urinary tract infections are common in pregnancy and can cause complications for both mother and baby if left untreated. Screening and treatment are important. UTI in pregnancy includes asymptomatic bacteriuria, cystitis, and pyelonephritis. Escherichia coli is the most common cause. Risk factors include prior UTIs, poor hygiene, and medical issues. Treatment involves antibiotics and hydration. Complications of untreated UTI include preterm labor, low birthweight, and infrequent maternal issues like renal insufficiency. Prevention focuses on hygiene and screening high risk women.
Urinary Tract Infection with Nursing ManagementSwatilekha Das
Urinary Tract Infection introduction, definition, common microorganisms, classification, predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, diagnostic studies, medical management and nursing management along with assessment, nursing diagnosis, goal, nursing interventions and expected outcome after the intervention.
Urinary tract infections are common and are usually caused by bacteria entering the urinary tract. UTIs can involve the lower tract including the bladder (cystitis) or the upper tract including the kidneys (pyelonephritis). Common symptoms of a lower UTI include burning with urination, frequent urination, and pelvic pain. A upper UTI may cause fever, chills, back pain and nausea. UTIs are generally treated with antibiotics like cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole based on the location and severity of the infection.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are very common, affecting around 150 million people worldwide each year. The majority are cystitis, with a smaller percentage being pyelonephritis. Risk factors include being female, as well as factors like urinary catheters and anatomical abnormalities. Escherichia coli is the most frequent cause of community-acquired UTIs. Diagnosis involves urinalysis, urine culture and sensitivity testing. Treatment consists of antibiotics targeting the identified organism. Recurrent UTIs may be prevented with low dose antibiotic prophylaxis.
ABC of Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infection in women (PART -1 ) Dr Sha...Lifecare Centre
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women. It notes that UTIs are the third most common infection and affect 10-20% of the general population, with higher rates in older women. The urinary tract includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, and UTIs can be upper (kidneys and ureters) or lower (bladder and urethra). E. coli is the most common cause of UTIs. The document recommends fosfomycin as the first-line antibiotic treatment for UTIs due to its effectiveness against E. coli and low resistance.
This document discusses urinary tract infections (UTIs). It defines different types of UTIs and outlines risk factors like female anatomy and factors that inhibit emptying of the bladder. Escherichia coli is the most common cause. Symptoms of cystitis include frequency, urgency and dysuria. Pyelonephritis presents with flank pain, fever and nausea in addition to cystitis symptoms. Diagnosis involves urinalysis and culture. Treatment is usually a 3-5 day course of antibiotics like trimethoprim or cephalosporins. Pregnant women require treatment for 7 days to prevent complications.
This document provides an overview of urinary tract infections (UTIs). It defines UTIs and lists the parts of the urinary tract. The pathophysiology and most common causes are described. Risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and management approaches are outlined for both uncomplicated and complicated UTIs in different populations like children, adults, pregnant women. Imaging tests and their appropriate uses are also summarized. Treatment options for UTIs in various groups are provided.
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1. Infectious Diseases of the GU tract Clinical Medicine I Patrick Carter MPAS, PA-C March 14, 2011
2. Objectives Define irritative voiding symptoms Briefly describe normal and abnormal findings with dipstick urinalysis Briefly describe normal and abnormal findings with microscopic urinalysis For each of the following diseases describe the etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic work-up, and treatment: Prostatitis Epididymitis
3. Objectives List the classifications of urinary tract infections (UTI) Describe differences in susceptibility to UTI’s for women and men Discuss the differences in diagnostic work-up and management of cystitis in men and women. Describe the studies required in children with UTI. Describe the importance of UTI and asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in pregnancy
4. Objectives Describe the treatment of UTI and ASB in pregnancy Describe the etiology, epidemiology, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic work-up, and treatment of pyelonephritis
5. Patient History Renal pain is usually located in the ipsilateral flank; pain usually constant with infection Nausea and vomiting may occur with renal pain due to reflex stimulation of the celiac ganglion Acute cystitis pain is usually referred to the distal urethra and lower abdomen
6. Irritative Voiding Symptoms Definitions Urgency – sudden desire to void (gotta go right now) Dysuria – painful urination, usually related to inflammation Frequency – increased number of voids during the day Nocturia – increased number of voids during the night
7. Physical Exam – Kidney Right kidney is lower than the left; and the lower pole of the right kidney may be palpable Left kidney usually not palpable unless greatly enlarged
8. Physical Exam – Bladder Bladder not palpable unless filled with 150 ml of urine Percussion better that palpation to detect bladder distention Full bladder will have be dull to percussion
10. Urinary Tract Infections Acute community-acquired UTIs account for >7 million office visits annually in the US Majority of acute symptomatic infections involve young women Markedly increased incidence with the onset of sexual activity in adolescence First infections in young women tend to be uncomplicated
11. Urinary Tract Infections Infections in men are rare & implies pathological process Infections that recur after antibiotic therapy Persistence of the originally infecting strain Infection with a different pathogen Ascending infection - from the urethra, most common route
12. Susceptibility Factors Bladder has intrinsic defense mechanisms Flushing and dilutional effects of voiding Antibacterial properties of the urine (high urea concentration, low pH) and bladder mucosa (secrete cytokines and chemokines upon interaction with bacteria) Prostatic secretions – antibacterial properties Upper tract involvement more likely with vesicoureteral reflux, decreased renal blood flow, or intrinsic renal disease
13. Female Specific Susceptibility Factors Proximity to the anus Short urethra (~4cm) Sexual intercourse introduces bacteria into the bladder Voiding after intercourse reduces risk of cystitis Use of spermicidal compounds alters the normal flora and increases the risk of cystitis
14. Male Specific Susceptibility Factors Higher incidence seen in uncircumsizedmales Male prostate normally secretes zinc which reduces ascending infection Men with bacterial prostatitis have lower zinc levels Insertive rectal intercourse increases the risk of cystitis
15. Acute Cystitis Infection of the bladder Usually from an ascending source Causative organisms E. coli (causes ~80%) Other gram negative rods – Proteus, Klebsiella, Gram-positive bacteria – enterococci, Staph saprophyticus (young females)
16. Acute Cystitis Signs and symptoms Irritative voiding Suprapubic discomfort Urine may be grossly cloudy and malodorous Women Gross hematuria (30%) Symptoms often appear following sexual intercourse Examination is often unremarkable Systemic toxicity is absent **If there is a genital lesion or vaginal discharge present – consider STD
17. Acute Cystitis Lab findings U/A will show pyuria and bacteriuria; also may see hematuria Laboratory findings do not correlate with degree of symptoms Urine Culture growth of >105 bacteria/ml from a properly collected midstream “clean catch” urine signifies infection Imaging only needed in pyelonephritis, recurrent infections, suspected abnormalities of anatomy, males (need to figure out the underlying cause)
18. Differential Diagnosis Vulvovaginitis and PID in women Urethritis and prostatitis in men Noninfectious causes of these symptoms include pelvic irradiation, chemotherapy, carcinoma, interstitial cystitis, etc.
19. Treatment and Prognosis Acute, uncomplicated - treat with 3 days of antibiotics TMP-SMX (Septra), nitrofurantoin or fluoroquinolone Resistance has been increasing against TMP-SMX (if local resistance >20%, don’t use) Warm sitz baths and urinary analgesics (phenazopyridine) help with symptoms Infections typically respond within 48-72 hours
20. Treatment and Prognosis Complicated UTIs Catheterization, instrumentation, anatomic or functional abnormalities, stones, obstruction, diabetes Typically due to antibiotic-resistant strains Fluoroquinolone for 10-21 days Urine C&S Follow up cultures 2-4 weeks after completing therapy to demonstrate cure Women > 3 infections per year are candidates for prophylactic antibiotics
21. Pediatric UTI Imaging studies of children with their first documented UTI in boys >6 months, in girls <4 years Renal U/S to evaluate for gross structural defects, lesions that are obstructive, positional abnormalities, and renal size/growth
22. Pediatric UTI VCUG done when patient is asymptomatic and cleared of bacteriuria to evaluate for vesicoureteral reflux; indicated in boys >6 months, girls <4 years and those >5 years with recurrent or febrile Referral to a pediatric urologist if studies reveal obstructive lesion, high-grade vesicoureteral reflux changes on voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
23. UTI in Pregnancy UTIs are detected in 2-8% of pregnant women Increased predisposition to infection results from decreased ureteral tone, decreased ureteral peristalsis and temporary incompetence of the vesicoureteral valves
24. UTI in Pregnancy Urine culture should be used as the primary method of screening all pregnant patients in their 1st trimester Asymptomatic bacteriuria has been associated with multiple complications in pregnancy including low birth weight, preterm delivery, hypertension, preeclampsia, and maternal anemia
25. UTI in Pregnancy Diagnosis of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is based on a clean-catch voided urine culture with >100,000 (105) colonies/ml of a single organism Left untreated, pyelonephritis will develop in up to 30% of these patients with ASB Pyelonephritis is the most common non-obstetric cause of hospitalization during pregnancy
26.
27. Acute pyelonephritis – hospitalization and IV antibiotic therapy (cephalosporin or ampicillin)Follow up culture should be done after treatment and then monthly cultures until delivery
28. UTI in Pregnancy Recurrent pyelonephritis has been implicated as a cause of fetal death and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) Patients with recurrent UTI or pyelonephritis during pregnancy need radiographic evaluation of the upper urinary tract when they are 3 months post-partum
30. Acute Pyelonephritis General considerations Most common causes are gram negative bacteria (E-coli, Proteus, Lebsiella, etc.) Infection usually ascends from the lower urinary tract Symptoms generally develop rapidly over a few hours or a day Renal infections need prompt adequate treatment to reduce risk of loss of renal function & Sepsis
31. Acute Pyelonephritis Signs and symptoms Fever/shaking chills Flank pain/abdominal pain Dysuria, urgency, frequency May be associated N/V and/or diarrhea CVA tenderness
32. Acute Pyelonephritis Laboratory studies Urine may show leukocyte casts and/or hematuria Positive urine culture CBC leukocytosis with left shift Blood cultures may also be positive Differential diagnosis Appendicitis, cholecystitis or pancreatitis Acute prostatitis or acute epididymitis
33. Acute Pyelonephritis Treatment Hospitalization for severe infections or complicating factors IV ampicillin + gentamycin 24 hours after fever resolution, start oral antibiotics to complete a 14 day course Outpatient, fluoroquinolone for 7-14 days Usually responds to appropriate therapy within 48-72 hours If >72 hours and fever or symptoms persist, need urologic imaging (CT or U/S)
34. Acute Pyelonephritis Complications Sepsis with shock Renal scarring Chronic pyelonephritis Renal abscess Prognosis Usually good Complicating factors may have less favorable outcome
37. Epididymitis Two categories Sexually transmitted Usually men <35 years of age Associated with urethritis Most commonly C. trachomatis or N. gonorrheae Non-sexually transmitted Males >35 years of age Associated with UTI’s and prostatitis Gram negative rods (urinary pathogens)
38. Epididymitis Signs and symptoms May follow acute physical strain, trauma or sexual activity May be associated with urethritis or cystitis Fever Irritative voiding symptoms Painful enlargement of epididymis- leading to scrotal swelling and pain Prostate may be tender on palpation Prehn Sign – elevation of the scrotum above pubic symphysis improves pain. (helpful/not reliable)
39. Epididymitis Laboratory findings CBC - Leukocytosis with left shift UA - Pyuria/bacteriuria/hematuria C&S of urethral discharge will demonstrate the pathogen Optional Gram staining of urethral discharge smear Scrotal U/S if needed
40. Epididymitis Differential diagnosis Tumor Testicular torsion Treatment Bed rest with scrotal elevation Sexually transmitted form – ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 dose + doxycycline 100 mg BID x 10 days Non-sexually transmitted form – ciprofloxacin 250 – 500 mg PO BID x 3 weeks (Bactrim DS BID as alternative)
41. Epididymitis Prognosis Good if treated promptly Delayed treatment may result in: Decreased fertility Abscess formation
43. Prostatitis Term applies to various inflammatory conditions affecting the prostate Routes of infection include ascent up the urethra and reflux of infected urine into the prostatic ducts Categories Acute bacterial Chronic bacterial Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) – formerly nonbacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia
44. Acute Bacterial Prostatitis General considerations Usually affects young men Gram negative urinary pathogens -E. coli, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella Symptoms and signs Perineal, sacral, or suprapubic pain Fever (usually high) Irritative voiding symptoms Urinary retention possible Exquisitely tender prostate on exam Gentle rectal exam, vigorous manipulation can result in septicemia
45. Acute Bacterial Prostatitis Laboratory findings CBC - leukocytosis with left shift U/A - pyuria, bacteriuria and hematuria Positive urine culture Differential diagnosis Acute epididymitis Acute pyelonephritis Diverticulitis
46. Acute Bacterial Prostatitis Treatment Hospitalization may be required IV ampicillin & aminoglycosideuntil urine culture and sensitivities are available Once afebrile for 24-48 hours, switch to oral medication and complete 4-6 weeks of therapy For urinary retention, percutaneous suprapubic tube is required Follow up urine culture to ensure eradication
47. Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis General considerations May evolve from acute infection although many men have no history of acute infection Usually affects middle-aged men and often present with a pattern of relapsing infection Usually Gram negative rods or Enterococcus
48. Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis Symptoms and signs Symptoms are often lacking between episodes Varying degrees of irritative voiding symptoms Perineal or suprapubic discomfort, usually dull and poorly localized Prostate usually feels normal on exam
49. Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis Laboratory findings U/A normal Expressed prostatic secretions Demonstrate increased WBC’s with lipid laden macrophages Culture of prostatic secretions or post massage urine specimen required to make diagnosis Differential diagnosis Chronic urethritis Anal disease
50. Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis Treatment Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Septra) DS for 12 weeks Alternatives Oral fluoroquinolone for 12 weeks Symptomatic relief with NSAIDS and sitz baths Prognosis Difficult to cure Symptoms (due to UTI) controlled by suppressive antibiotic therapy
51. Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CPPS) AKA Nonbacterial Prostatitis and prostatodynia General considerations Most common of the prostatitis syndromes Cause is unknown No history of UTI Mimics symptoms of chronic bacterial prostatitis Expressed prostatic secretions have WBC’s but are culture negative Diagnosis of Exclusion
52. CPPS Categories Based on the presence or absence of prostatic inflammation Inflammatory Young, sexually active males Noninflammatory Symptoms and signs Irritative voiding symptoms Perineal or suprapubic discomfort, usually dull in nature Physical exam is normal
53. CPPS Laboratory findings Urine cultures are negative Inflammatory – prostatic secretions and post massage urine contain at least tenfold more leukocytes than midstream urine or when the expresssed prostatic secretion contains >1000 leukocytes/μL Noninflammatory – normal leukocyte count
54. CPPS Treatment Inflammatory Some patients benefit from a 4-6 week course of antibiotics Erythromycin, doxycycline, TMP-SMX or fluoroquinolone NSAIDS and sitz baths Noninflammatory Pelvic floor dysfunction – biofeedback Bladder neck and urethral spasms – α blocking agents (terazosin, doxazosin)
55. CPPS Differential diagnosis Chronic bacterial prostatitis Bladder cancer – r/o in older patients with urinary cytologic examination and cytoscopy Prognosis May recur No serious sequelae