Non Glomerular Disease
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Tubulointerstitial nephropathy can be acute or chronic and is characterized by inflammation and scarring of the kidney tubules and surrounding tissue. Acute causes are often toxins or ischemia while chronic causes include obstructive uropathy, vesicoureteral reflux, analgesics, and heavy metals. Polycystic kidney disease is a common hereditary condition where numerous cysts develop in the kidneys, often leading to end-stage renal disease. Medullary sponge kidney is a benign condition present from birth that causes kidney cysts and issues like hematuria, urinary tract infections, and kidney stones.
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1. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by multiple bilateral renal cysts and cysts in other organs caused by mutations in PKD1 and PKD2 genes.
2. The renal cysts enlarge over time, ultimately leading to renal failure in half of patients by age 60.
3. Treatment focuses on controlling blood pressure, treating infections, reducing pain, and delaying renal failure through medications such as ACE inhibitors or ARBs.
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- It has an immunologically-mediated injury to glomeruli and renal interstitial damage.
- Common causes include post-streptococcal GN, lupus nephritis, ANCA vasculitis, and anti-glomerular basement membrane disease.
- Presentation, pathogenesis, treatment, and prognosis are described for different types of acute GN.
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Interstitial nephritis,tubulointerstitial nephritis
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MPGN.pptx
This document describes a case of a 7-year-old girl presenting with microscopic hematuria and proteinuria. Laboratory tests revealed decreased complement C3 levels. Of the pathologies listed, a kidney biopsy would most likely reveal membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) with C3 deposition. The document then provides an overview of MPGN, including its epidemiology, pathology, classification, pathogenesis involving immunocomplex deposition and complement abnormalities, clinical features, evaluation involving renal biopsy and further investigations, and treatment strategies including corticosteroids, immunosuppression, plasma exchange and supportive therapies.
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This document discusses myocarditis in children. It defines myocarditis and describes the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment. Myocarditis has many potential causes including viruses like adenovirus and enterovirus. Clinically it presents variably depending on age from nonspecific symptoms to heart failure. Diagnosis involves blood tests, ECG, imaging like echocardiogram and cardiac MRI, and endomyocardial biopsy. Treatment is supportive with heart failure medications, antivirals may help, and immunosuppressants can reduce inflammation and improve function.
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HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME IN CHILDREN 2022 BY DR VIJITHA
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Interstitial nephritis,tubulointerstitial nephritis
Interstitial nephritis,tubulointerstitial nephritis
Similar to Non Glomerular Disease
Adult polycystic kidney disease
Adult polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys and other organs. It is caused by mutations in one of two genes, PKD1 or PKD2, and affects around 1 in 1000 people. Symptoms include back or abdominal pain, hematuria, and hypertension. Extrarenal manifestations include cysts in the liver and pancreas as well as cerebral and coronary artery aneurysms. Diagnosis is made based on imaging and family history. While there is no cure, treatment focuses on slowing disease progression, managing complications like hypertension, and renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease.
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2. The renal cysts enlarge over time, ultimately leading to renal failure in half of patients by age 60.
3. Treatment focuses on controlling blood pressure, treating infections, reducing pain, and delaying renal failure through medications such as ACE inhibitors or ARBs.
Cystic disease of the kidney
There are many different types of kidney cysts that can be classified in various ways. An ideal classification system would take into account morphological features, pathogenesis, and therapeutic potential. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common cystic kidney disease and is characterized by multiple bilateral cysts of varying sizes in the kidneys and liver. It has a prevalence of 1 in 400 to 1,000 people and is caused by mutations in the PKD1 or PKD2 genes.
Renal manifestations of systemic disease(s).
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Case presentation fadl
The 22-year-old female presented with sudden severe abdominal pain, renal impairment, and was found to have HBV infection. Renal biopsy showed focal ischemic cortical necrosis and hyalinization consistent with HBV-related polyarteritis nodosa (PAN). She was treated with pulse steroids, antiviral therapy with lamivudine, and hemodialysis, and her renal function improved though remained impaired.
Renal lecture
This document provides an overview of a lecture on the renal system. It discusses renal anatomy and physiology, assessment of renal health, interpretation of kidney function labs, acute and chronic kidney disease, dialysis options, and kidney transplantation. The objectives are to understand renal structures and functions, diseases of the kidney like pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis, compare acute and chronic kidney disease, interpret kidney labs, explain nursing care of renal patients, and discuss dialysis and transplantation. Fun facts, diseases statistics, and the functions of kidney structures like the nephron are also reviewed.
An Unusual Case Of Renal Failure
A 60-year-old female patient presented with fever, abdominal pain, and burning urination for 3 days. Medical history included diabetes and hypertension. Examination found anemia and pedal edema. Tests showed renal dysfunction and urinary tract infection. Imaging found bilateral hydroureteronephrosis. She was diagnosed with diabetic nephropathy, urinary tract infection, and chronic kidney disease. She was treated with antibiotics and underwent hemodialysis and stent placement. The document discusses renal complications of diabetes including nephropathy, papillary necrosis, and infections. It also covers evaluation and treatment of microalbuminuria.
33 ellabban care of the kidney during daily
This document summarizes care of the kidney during rheumatology practice. It discusses renal prostaglandins, chronic kidney disease stages, acute interstitial nephritis, NSAIDs, methotrexate, and leucovorin use for methotrexate overdose. Renal prostaglandins help maintain blood pressure and renal function. NSAIDs can cause acute interstitial nephritis and reduce kidney function. Methotrexate requires dose adjustments for impaired renal function.
Acute Kidney Injury
This document provides an overview of acute kidney injury (AKI), formerly known as acute renal failure. It discusses the definition and epidemiology of AKI and describes the main causes as pre-renal, intrinsic renal, and post-renal. Pre-renal AKI is the most common type and is caused by reduced renal blood flow. The document outlines the diagnostic evaluation, complications, treatment approaches including dialysis indications, and outcomes of AKI. It emphasizes the importance of identifying and eliminating nephrotoxic agents to optimize management of this condition.
Chronic renal Disease\failure (CKD)
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as impaired kidney function lasting over 3 months, as evidenced by a GFR below 60 mL/min/1.73m2. Symptoms usually only occur once the GFR drops below 30 in stage 4 disease. Major causes include glomerular diseases like focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial diseases, cystic kidney diseases, vascular diseases like hypertensive nephrosclerosis, and congenital issues. Complications arise as kidney function declines and include cardiovascular disease, mineral and bone disorders, anemia, coagulation issues, and neurological problems. Treatment aims to slow progression of CKD, reduce proteinuria and hypertension, manage complications, and prepare
HSP nephritis
Henoch Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) is a type of vasculitis that can affect the kidneys. It is commonly seen in children but can also affect adults. Renal involvement occurs in 20-60% of cases and ranges from mild hematuria to nephrotic syndrome. While renal disease is usually self-limiting in children, it is more severe and likely to progress in adults. Treatment of HSPN is controversial but typically involves steroids and immunosuppressants for more severe cases. Prognosis depends on severity of initial renal involvement, with mild cases having good long-term outcomes and severe nephritis carrying higher risk of chronic kidney disease. Careful
Chronic Kidney Disease.pdf
This document provides information on chronic kidney disease (CKD), including its definition, stages, symptoms, complications, screening, and management. CKD is defined as kidney damage or decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) below 60 mL/min/1.73m2 for 3 months or more. Symptoms may include fatigue, nausea, and decreased appetite. Complications involve cardiovascular disease and bone disease. Screening high risk groups includes testing urine and estimating GFR. Management focuses on slowing progression through controlling blood pressure, diabetes, diet, and medications. Dialysis or transplantation are needed for end-stage kidney disease.
Kidney liver cysts
This document discusses renal-liver cysts and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. It provides an overview of cyst prevalence and classification systems like Bosniak and Gigot. Treatment options are discussed, including medical management with somatostatin analogues, interventional radiology procedures like arterial embolization and sclerotherapy, and surgical options like fenestration, resection and liver transplantation. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease causes cyst formation in the kidneys and other organs, often leading to renal failure by age 60.
Chronic pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the pancreas characterized by progressive fibrosis of the pancreatic parenchyma and loss of function. It has multiple etiologies but alcohol use is the most common cause. Patients experience abdominal pain, steatorrhea from maldigestion, and can develop diabetes. Treatment involves pain management, pancreatic enzyme replacement, and in severe cases, surgery such as drainage procedures or pancreatic resections.
Copy-materi PKD dan Horseshoe.pptx
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder that causes fluid-filled sacs, called cysts, to form in the kidneys. These cysts can grow over time and interfere with the kidney's ability to function properly. PKD can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which may require dialysis or a kidney transplant.
There are two types of PKD: autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD). ADPKD is the most common form and usually develops in adulthood, while ARPKD is a rarer form that usually develops in infancy or childhood.
Symptoms of PKD can include high blood pressure, back or abdominal pain, headaches, urinary tract infections, and blood in the urine. However, many people with PKD may not experience symptoms until later stages of the disease.
There is no cure for PKD, but treatment options can help manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. These may include blood pressure medication, pain management, antibiotics for infections, and lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet and exercise. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove a large cyst or to transplant a new kidney.
Pedi gu review cystic disease i
The document discusses various pediatric renal cystic diseases including their definitions, categories, genetics, presentations, associations, and management. Multicystic dysplastic kidney is defined as involving the entire kidney with primitive ducts and cysts present from early development. It is the renal cystic condition that arises prior to nephron formation.
Henoch-schonlein purpura.ppt
This document provides an overview of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), a small vessel vasculitis that commonly affects children. It discusses the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, investigations, treatment and prognosis of HSP. Regarding treatment, it notes that corticosteroids given for 14 days appear to reduce delayed renal disease, but a systematic review found no significant benefit of short-term steroids in preventing renal involvement. Immunosuppressive therapies like cyclophosphamide and cyclosporin were also not found to significantly improve renal outcomes for severe HSP nephritis. The document concludes that randomized trial data for interventions to improve renal prognosis in HSP are limited.
Pathology Of Kidney
The document discusses various kidney disorders including congenital anomalies, glomerular diseases, tubulointerstitial diseases, urinary stones, obstructive uropathy, and tumors. Specific conditions covered include polycystic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, acute tubular necrosis, urolithiasis, hydronephrosis, and obstructive uropathy. The anatomy, functions, and histopathological features of the kidney are also summarized.
HSP presentation
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a vasculitis disorder typically seen in children that involves small vessel inflammation of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and joints. It is characterized by purpuric rash, abdominal pain, arthritis, and potential kidney involvement. While usually self-limiting, long term kidney damage can occur in some cases. Treatment focuses on symptom relief and monitoring for complications. Prognosis is generally good but recurrence and long term kidney issues are possible.
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This document discusses various types of brain and spinal tumors. It covers topics such as:
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CNS Infections & Epilepsy
This document discusses the objectives, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of central nervous system infections, seizure disorders, and different types of seizures. It covers topics such as viral and bacterial meningitis, brain abscesses, classification of seizures, workup and treatment of epilepsy, and surgical options for refractory seizures. Diagnostic testing includes lumbar puncture, imaging like CT and MRI, and EEG. Management involves antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and sometimes surgery. Complications can include neurological deficits, but prognosis is generally good with appropriate treatment.
Palsies & Neuralgias & Movement Disorders
This document summarizes several neurological conditions including Bell's palsy, trigeminal neuralgia, post-herpetic neuralgia, parkinsonism, and others. For each condition, it discusses epidemiology, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostic workup, and treatment options. The document is intended to provide an overview of these neuralgias and palsies for medical students and physicians.
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This document discusses lymphomas and multiple myeloma. It describes the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Key points include that Hodgkin's lymphoma presents with painless lymphadenopathy along the central axis while non-Hodgkin's involves peripheral nodes, and multiple myeloma involves bone pain and monoclonal paraproteins. Diagnosis involves biopsy and testing, while treatment depends on disease stage and includes chemotherapy, radiation and stem cell transplants.
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This document provides an overview of diabetes mellitus and glucose metabolism. It describes normal glucose metabolism and the pathophysiology of Type I and Type II diabetes. Type I diabetes results from a lack of insulin production, while Type II involves insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. The document discusses insulin therapy and medications for controlling blood glucose levels, as well as complications, management during pregnancy, and principles of patient education.
Periarticular Disorders
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Polycythemia Vera
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Testicular Disorders & Erectile Dysfunction
The document discusses several male genital disorders including testicular torsion, hypogonadism, hypospadias, epispadias, cryptorchidism, hydroceles, varicoceles, and erectile dysfunction. For each condition, it describes the etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment options. The document provides clinical details to help identify these conditions and manage patients.
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Nephrolithiasis
Nephrolithiasis, or kidney stones, are common in the United States, affecting around 13% of men and 7% of women. They are formed from substances like calcium, uric acid, cystine, and struvite. Risk factors include gout, UTIs, family history, certain medications, and diet. Symptoms include flank pain, hematuria, and urinary symptoms. Diagnosis involves urinalysis, imaging like ultrasound or CT. Treatment depends on the stone composition but may include increased fluid intake, diet changes, medications, or surgical removal procedures like lithotripsy. Without treatment, stones less than 5mm often pass spontaneously but larger stones usually require removal to prevent reoccurrence or complications
GU Infections
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
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Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
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Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
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O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
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TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition TEST BANK by Stamler Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Answers Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Stuvia
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Non Glomerular Disease
- 1. Non-Glomerular Diseases Clinical Medicine I Patrick Carter MPAS, PA-C February 25, 2011
- 30. Any Questions?
Editor's Notes
- Cancer of the cervix, colon and bladder