The Grammar Translation Method was developed in the 1500s to teach Latin and Greek. It focuses on reading, writing, and translating between languages over speaking and listening. In a Grammar Translation classroom, instruction is in the first language and learning involves extensive translation and grammar explanations. Students translate classical literature and are evaluated on accurate translations, with the goal of reading literature in the target language and having grammar and vocabulary accuracy rather than conversational ability.
2. Purpose
Why was GTM developed as a
language teaching method?
● Students should read and
appreciate literature in a foreign
language
● Students will become better
writers of their native language
by studying a foreign language
● Studying language is good
mental exercise
3. Main Tenets
What are the driving principles
behind GTM?
● Reading & writing are superior
skills to speaking & listening
● Teachers are traditional
authority figures
● Correctness is more important
than fluency
● Direct translations are found
● Grammar is learned deductively
● Memorization of grammar &
vocabulary helps learning
4. Goals and Non-Goals of GTM
Goals
● To read literature in the target
language
● To have grammar and vocabulary
accuracy
Non-Goals
● To be able to use the language
with native speakers
● To learn all 4 skills
5. What does a GTM classroom look like?
● Instruction is in the first language
● Learning is facilitated by translating between the first and target languages
● Grammar explanations are extensive
● Vocabulary is taught in isolated word lists with practice in translation, synonyms, and
antonyms
● Classical literature is translated - the meaning of the passages is not as important as
the accuracy of the translation
● Translation into target language is used for evaluation
● Reading comprehension is checked
