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K-6 Literacy Group Summary on Dewey and Rosenblatt
                     September 12, 2002
                                         Amy Kay
                                       Janet Lewis
                                       Donna Ware
                                      Sharon Morgan
                                      Buffy Hamilton


Connections, Thoughts, and Reactions

Our group shared similar reactions to Dewey’s work; our primary reaction was our
amazement that the same issues Dewey addressed in 1938 are still dominating debate
in educational circles and the sphere of public education. As Donna remarked, “I can’t
believe this book was written in 1938. It is as if Dewey wrote this book in the year
2002. How can educators still be struggling with these same issues? We are still
battling the Either-Or philosophy as shown in the following excerpts from Best Practice:
New Standards for Teaching in America’s Schools (Zemelman, Daniels, and Hyde, 1998)
and Literacy at the Crossroads (Routman, 1996)”. Amy echoed this sentiment
lamenting, “ Sadly, Dewey’s statement still holds true, “It is easier to walk in the paths
that have been beaten than it is, after taking a new point of view, to work out what is
practically involved in the new point of view” (p.30). We all commented on Dewey’s
observation that “But the easy and simple are not identical. To discover what is really
simple and to act upon the discovery is an exceedingly difficult task” (pg. 30).




We also tried to think about the connections between Dewey and Rosenblatt. Sharon
reflected on how the concept of experience is central to both Dewey and Rosenblatt and
how it relates to her practices in the classroom, remarking that, “One implication for
teachers today is that we should be diligent in our attention to activating prior
knowledge. I have personally found this strategy to benefit almost all students, even
those who first appear unmotivated. Listening to student talk, asking questions that
further my information about student experience, and then planning activities that
incorporate that information, helps establish pathways for students to use in creating
their own connections. I have realized that I cannot force connections, but when I allow
students to lead conversations with only the slightest encouragement and guidance,
then the connections they do make are a moving force allowing growth to proceed.”
Buffy also reflected on the importance of the concept of experience to both Dewey and
Rosenblatt, stating “The idea that “experience does not occur in a vacuum” {p. 40}
is one that has been discussed in other courses I have taken, especially ELAN 7400
{Language and Learning} and ELAN 7310 {P-8 Writing Pedagogies). Ann Haas Dyson,
Shirley Bryce Heath, and Barbara Kamler all make compelling arguments on the how our
culture and social environment shape how we interpret and transact with external
experiences. As a teacher, I constantly wonder about my students’ prior experiences
and what shapes them as learners; in addition, I wonder how I can structure my
classroom and teaching to accommodate the significance of those experiences while
nudging their growth in new and rich directions.” Amy observed that “In considering
how Dewey and Rosenblatt transact with each other, they each base learning, whether
it is reading and writing (Rosenblatt) or general subject matter, on “the creation of
environments and activities in which students are motivated and encouraged to draw on
their own resources to make ‘live’ meanings” (Rosenblatt, p.1082).” Janet was
reminded of Rosenblatt when Dewey wrote, "...the principle of continuity of experience
means that every experience both takes up something from those which have gone
before and modifies in some way the quality of those which come after" (p.35).




Questions
•   From Buffy: As I try to think about how Dewey’s ideas relate to Rosenblatt and our
    group’s concerns, I wonder how we could help students to have richer transactions
    with texts? When I first studied Rosenblatt and “Reader Response” theories as an
    undergraduate in 1991, I thought that students could simply read the text and have
    a quality transaction. How naïve was that! ☺ I wonder now how I could create
    “situations” that would scaffold students’ with strategies to have richer transactions
    with texts. And what about students who have limited experiences or worse, lots of
    “mis-educative experiences” that would color or affect their transactions with texts
    since Dewey says that all experiences affect future ones?
•   From Amy: What is the “example of the Greeks who saw clearly the relation
    between a sound body and a sound mind”? (p.63).
•   From Amy: In reading the following, “It is possible of course to abuse the office,
    and to force the activity of the young into channels which express the teacher’s
    purpose rather than that of the pupils” (p.71), I immediately thought of the
    Montessori method. Would Dewey refer to this as a ‘forcing of activity’ since the
materials have specific uses and the students are taught, by an ‘expert,’ how to use
    them? Did Dewey ever address this method specifically?
•   From Donna: My favorite quote of the book is on page 49. “What avail is it to win
    prescribed amounts of information about geography and history, to win ability to
    read and write, if in the process the individual loses his own soul: loses his
    appreciation of things worth while, of the values to which these things are relative;
    if he loses desire to apply what he has learned and, above all, loses the ability to
    extract meaning from his future experiences as they occur.” This is what I fear
    most with the drive for accountability and testing. Where would Dewey place the
    “test preparation” experiences our students undergo on a continuum?

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Group summary 9 12-02 for k-6 literacy group

  • 1. K-6 Literacy Group Summary on Dewey and Rosenblatt September 12, 2002 Amy Kay Janet Lewis Donna Ware Sharon Morgan Buffy Hamilton Connections, Thoughts, and Reactions Our group shared similar reactions to Dewey’s work; our primary reaction was our amazement that the same issues Dewey addressed in 1938 are still dominating debate in educational circles and the sphere of public education. As Donna remarked, “I can’t believe this book was written in 1938. It is as if Dewey wrote this book in the year 2002. How can educators still be struggling with these same issues? We are still battling the Either-Or philosophy as shown in the following excerpts from Best Practice: New Standards for Teaching in America’s Schools (Zemelman, Daniels, and Hyde, 1998) and Literacy at the Crossroads (Routman, 1996)”. Amy echoed this sentiment lamenting, “ Sadly, Dewey’s statement still holds true, “It is easier to walk in the paths that have been beaten than it is, after taking a new point of view, to work out what is practically involved in the new point of view” (p.30). We all commented on Dewey’s observation that “But the easy and simple are not identical. To discover what is really simple and to act upon the discovery is an exceedingly difficult task” (pg. 30). We also tried to think about the connections between Dewey and Rosenblatt. Sharon reflected on how the concept of experience is central to both Dewey and Rosenblatt and how it relates to her practices in the classroom, remarking that, “One implication for teachers today is that we should be diligent in our attention to activating prior knowledge. I have personally found this strategy to benefit almost all students, even those who first appear unmotivated. Listening to student talk, asking questions that further my information about student experience, and then planning activities that incorporate that information, helps establish pathways for students to use in creating their own connections. I have realized that I cannot force connections, but when I allow
  • 2. students to lead conversations with only the slightest encouragement and guidance, then the connections they do make are a moving force allowing growth to proceed.” Buffy also reflected on the importance of the concept of experience to both Dewey and Rosenblatt, stating “The idea that “experience does not occur in a vacuum” {p. 40} is one that has been discussed in other courses I have taken, especially ELAN 7400 {Language and Learning} and ELAN 7310 {P-8 Writing Pedagogies). Ann Haas Dyson, Shirley Bryce Heath, and Barbara Kamler all make compelling arguments on the how our culture and social environment shape how we interpret and transact with external experiences. As a teacher, I constantly wonder about my students’ prior experiences and what shapes them as learners; in addition, I wonder how I can structure my classroom and teaching to accommodate the significance of those experiences while nudging their growth in new and rich directions.” Amy observed that “In considering how Dewey and Rosenblatt transact with each other, they each base learning, whether it is reading and writing (Rosenblatt) or general subject matter, on “the creation of environments and activities in which students are motivated and encouraged to draw on their own resources to make ‘live’ meanings” (Rosenblatt, p.1082).” Janet was reminded of Rosenblatt when Dewey wrote, "...the principle of continuity of experience means that every experience both takes up something from those which have gone before and modifies in some way the quality of those which come after" (p.35). Questions • From Buffy: As I try to think about how Dewey’s ideas relate to Rosenblatt and our group’s concerns, I wonder how we could help students to have richer transactions with texts? When I first studied Rosenblatt and “Reader Response” theories as an undergraduate in 1991, I thought that students could simply read the text and have a quality transaction. How naïve was that! ☺ I wonder now how I could create “situations” that would scaffold students’ with strategies to have richer transactions with texts. And what about students who have limited experiences or worse, lots of “mis-educative experiences” that would color or affect their transactions with texts since Dewey says that all experiences affect future ones? • From Amy: What is the “example of the Greeks who saw clearly the relation between a sound body and a sound mind”? (p.63). • From Amy: In reading the following, “It is possible of course to abuse the office, and to force the activity of the young into channels which express the teacher’s purpose rather than that of the pupils” (p.71), I immediately thought of the Montessori method. Would Dewey refer to this as a ‘forcing of activity’ since the
  • 3. materials have specific uses and the students are taught, by an ‘expert,’ how to use them? Did Dewey ever address this method specifically? • From Donna: My favorite quote of the book is on page 49. “What avail is it to win prescribed amounts of information about geography and history, to win ability to read and write, if in the process the individual loses his own soul: loses his appreciation of things worth while, of the values to which these things are relative; if he loses desire to apply what he has learned and, above all, loses the ability to extract meaning from his future experiences as they occur.” This is what I fear most with the drive for accountability and testing. Where would Dewey place the “test preparation” experiences our students undergo on a continuum?