all about knowledge

1. REFRIGERANT
 Refrigerant is a compound typically found in either a fluid or
gaseous state. It readily absorbs heat from the environment and can
provide refrigeration or air conditioning when combined with other
components such as compressors and evaporators.

2. BY: KERJIE MAMUSOG

3. 1830-1930
1931-1990’s
1990-2010
2010-2021
FIRST GENERATION
SECOND
GENERATION
MONTREAL
PROTOCOL
1987
1989 THIRD
GENERATION
FOURTH
GENERATION
EVOLUTION OF REFRIGERANT

4. 1830-1930 FIRST GENERATION
Whatever worked
Toxic and flammable
ex. Carbon dioxide, ether, propane and ammonia
JAKOB PERKINS (1834)
 First practical machine was built based on using ether in a
vapor compression circuit

5. CARBON DIOXIDE (1866)
first used as a refrigerant
AMMONIA (1873)
first used as a refrigerant
1830-1930

6. 1931-1990’s SECOND GENERATION
safety
Durable
These are:
CFC (Chlorofluorocarbon) – contain chlorine which is very
damaging to the ozone layer; eg. Freon
HCFC (Hydrofluorocarbon) – contain chlorine ; eg. R22

7. 1931-1990’s
THOMAS MIDGELY (1926)
 developed the first CFC ( Chlorofluorocarbons - non-flammable, no-
toxic)
(1931)
 commercial production of cfc began

8. 1970’S
Rowland and Molina discovered
that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) could deplete
Earth's atmospheric ozone layer
(1989) Montreal Protocol
 Regulation of Cfc’s and later HCFC’s because of ozone
depletion

9. 1987
1989
MONTREAL PROTOCOL
An international agreement made in (1987)
Effective (1989)
Designed to stop the production and import of
ozone depleting substances

10. 1990-2010
THIRD GENERATION
 ozone protection
Example: HFC (hydrofluorocarbon) – R410A, R134a

11. 2010-2021 FOURTH GENERATION
 reduce global warming

13. •

14. •
•

15. COMPONENTS OF REFRIGERANT
BY: NICK ANGELO TALAMILLO

16. Four Main
Refrigeration Cycle
Components
 The compressor
 The condenser
 The expansion device
 The evaporator

17. The compressor
• Compression is the first
step in the refrigeration
cycle, and a compressor is
the piece of equipment
that increases the pressure
of the working gas.

18. The condenser
• is one of two types of heat
exchangers used in a basic
refrigeration loop. This
component is supplied with
high-temperature high-
pressure, vaporized
refrigerant coming off the
compressor.

19. The expansion device
• the job of a system’s
expansion device is the same -
create a drop in pressure after
the refrigerant leaves the
condenser. This pressure drop
will cause some of that
refrigerant to quickly boil,
creating a two-phase mixture.

20. The evaporator
• is the second heat exchanger
in a standard refrigeration
circuit, and like the condenser,
it’s named for its basic
function.

21. TYPES OF REFRIGERANTS
BY: JHOSUA PARAY

22.  Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are nontoxic, nonflammable chemicals containing
atoms of carbon, chlorine, and fluorine.

23.  Components: ChloroFluoroCarbons (CFC), Methane Based
 Uses: Refrigerators and Air Conditioners
 ODP: 1.0
 GWP: High (10900)
 Eco-Friendly: No
 Flammable: No

24.  Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are chemical compounds commonly used in
the foam, refrigeration, and air conditioning sectors that destroy the protective
ozone layer and contribute to climate change.

25.  Components: HydroChloroFluoroCarbons (HCFC), contains less chlorine than
CFCs
 Uses: Refrigerators and Air Conditioners
 ODP: 0.055
 GWP: Medium (1810)
 Eco-Friendly: No
 Flammable: No

26.  Hydrofluorocarbons are man-made organic compounds that contain fluorine and
hydrogen atoms, and are the most common type of organofluorine compounds.

27.  Components: HydroFluoroCarbon (HFC)
 Uses: Refrigerators, Car Air Conditioning
 ODP: 0
 GWP: 1430 (Medium)
 Eco-Friendly: Somewhat
 Flammable: No

28.  Components: HydroFluoroCarbon (HFC)
 Uses: Refrigerators and Air Conditioners
 ODP: 0
 GWP: Medium (2088)
 Eco-Friendly: Somewhat
 Flammable: No

29. APPLICATION OF
REFRIGERANTS
BY: CHRISTIAN BUO

30. GROCERY STORES
R404A IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON
REFRIGERANTS APPLIED IN SUPERMARKET
REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS UNTIL THE RECENT
YEARS.

31. TRANSPORTATION
TRANSPORTATION TRUCKS, SHIPS AND TRAINS
NEED COOLING WHEN FOOD AND OTHER
DELICATE SUPPLIES ARE SHIPPED LONG
DISTANCES. R134A AND R1234YF ARE SOME OF
THE REFRIGERANTS THAT ARE APPLIED TO
TRANSPORTATION COOLING.

32. HOUSING
AIR CONDITIONER IS BASIC HOUSING
SUPPLY – IT ALLOWS BOTH COOLING
AND HEATING OF
SPACES. R407C, R410A, R134A, R1234
YF AND R1234ZE ARE SOME OF THE
REFRIGERANTS THAT ARE APPLIED TO
AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT.

33. PHARMACEUTICAL
APPLICATION
VARIETY OF MEDICINE NEEDS COOLING IN ORDER
TO PRESERVE THE CRUCIAL COMPONENTS OF
THE SUBSTANCE. TWO OF THE MOST COMMON
COOLING REFRIGERANT IN PHARMACEUTICAL
WAREHOUSES MAY BE R1234ZE AND R134A.

34. DATA CENTERS &
ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION
BIG DATA AND ELECTRICITY CENTERS GATHER
HEAT, WHICH CAN THEN LEAD TO SERIOUS
PROBLEMS IN PRODUCTION LINES. R407C, R410A
, R1234ZE AND R134A ARE COMMON
REFRIGERANTS TO BE USED IN THESE KIND OF
PURPOSES.