This document provides an introduction to electronics, including definitions, careers, history, applications, and common components. It begins with defining electronics as the study of devices that control electricity flow. Careers discussed include electrical engineers, who design products and write specifications, and electricians, who install and maintain systems. The history outlines discoveries like the electron and inventions like the vacuum tube. Electronics have wide applications in fields such as consumer devices, industrial automation, medical equipment, defense, automotive, and environmental monitoring. Common components are then explained, including resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, switches, batteries, buzzers and LEDs.
Make India Safer with JMV LPS Ltd Electrical Equipment & Human SafetyMahesh Chandra Manav
Human Life is not free and We all want to Live Peace full Safe Life Use of Power to Utilization of All Gadgets which for our comfort , We also Have Threat for Lightning and World wide their is Standard and Practice for our Assets and Human Safety.
in India we have very strong Documents for Electrical Installation and Fire Safety by NBC2016, NEC 2011, IS 782, RDSO , CEA (IPDS&DDUGJY) , NFC17-102.
Now Fire and Safety is released Document for Awareness to Common Public SACHET installation of Electrical Equipment (Earthing and lightning Protection).
Make in India Govt Advisory to give Preference Manufacturer of India and Complies Strongly India Standard by BIS, CEA,SECI, RDSO and MBBL2019.
We request all the Authorities to use Latest Specification in their Present Project on Floor and upcoming Project .
our Electrical Inspection and Fire Safety Officer to follow National building Code Strictly.
SMART CITY, CCTV and Security Surveillance, Project AMRUT (WTP), Solar PV, Electrical Vehicle Charging Infra, Metro Rail , Indian Railway, Sea Ports and Air Ports, Power , Transmission & Distribution, Building Infra Housing, Commercial , Hospital,University, Defense ,Telecom and all other Industries.
We all has to work India Safer , Green and Clean
Pay Money for Electrical Safety
Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEE) is a brilliant combination of Electrical Engineering and Electronics Engineering that are brought together for offering an excellent career path for the aspiring engineers. Our day-to-day lives have become more and more dependent on electrical and electronic devices like refrigerators, washing machines, microwave ovens, TV etc.
Here a lot of customs are used electrical energy
but not pay the bills in time.so here we avoid this problem
by using this project. We can measure the power by each
load and take the information through the mobile by using
GSM module. After the taking alert from the situation the
consumer not respond for emergency alert we can cut –off
the supply to the consumer by automatically.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Make India Safer with JMV LPS Ltd Electrical Equipment & Human SafetyMahesh Chandra Manav
Human Life is not free and We all want to Live Peace full Safe Life Use of Power to Utilization of All Gadgets which for our comfort , We also Have Threat for Lightning and World wide their is Standard and Practice for our Assets and Human Safety.
in India we have very strong Documents for Electrical Installation and Fire Safety by NBC2016, NEC 2011, IS 782, RDSO , CEA (IPDS&DDUGJY) , NFC17-102.
Now Fire and Safety is released Document for Awareness to Common Public SACHET installation of Electrical Equipment (Earthing and lightning Protection).
Make in India Govt Advisory to give Preference Manufacturer of India and Complies Strongly India Standard by BIS, CEA,SECI, RDSO and MBBL2019.
We request all the Authorities to use Latest Specification in their Present Project on Floor and upcoming Project .
our Electrical Inspection and Fire Safety Officer to follow National building Code Strictly.
SMART CITY, CCTV and Security Surveillance, Project AMRUT (WTP), Solar PV, Electrical Vehicle Charging Infra, Metro Rail , Indian Railway, Sea Ports and Air Ports, Power , Transmission & Distribution, Building Infra Housing, Commercial , Hospital,University, Defense ,Telecom and all other Industries.
We all has to work India Safer , Green and Clean
Pay Money for Electrical Safety
Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEE) is a brilliant combination of Electrical Engineering and Electronics Engineering that are brought together for offering an excellent career path for the aspiring engineers. Our day-to-day lives have become more and more dependent on electrical and electronic devices like refrigerators, washing machines, microwave ovens, TV etc.
Here a lot of customs are used electrical energy
but not pay the bills in time.so here we avoid this problem
by using this project. We can measure the power by each
load and take the information through the mobile by using
GSM module. After the taking alert from the situation the
consumer not respond for emergency alert we can cut –off
the supply to the consumer by automatically.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
1. I N T R O D U C T I O N
T O E L E C T R O N I C S
I N T R O D U C T I O N
T O E L E C T R O N I C S
2. A G E N D A
06
Quiz
01
What is
Electronics
02
Career in the
electrical and
electronics
Field
03
History of
Electronics
04
Application of
Electronics
05
Common
Electronics
Components
5. ELECTRICAL ENGINEER
Electrical engineers make up the largest branch of
engineering. An electrical engineer designs new products,
writes performance specifications, and develops
maintenance.
The electrical engineering field is divided into two specialty
groups: Electrical Engineering and Electronics Engineering.
An electrical engineer works in one or
more areas of power-generating
equipment, power-transmitting
equipment, electric motors, machinery
control, and lighting and wiring
installation.
Electronics engineer works with
electronic equipment associated with
radar, computers, communications, and
consumer goods.
Electrical Engineering
Electronics Engineering
6. ELECTRICAL ENGINEER
The number of engineers in demand is expected to increase annually. This
projected growth is attributed to an increase in demand for computers,
communication equipment, and military equipment. Additional jobs are being
created through research and development of new types of industrial robot
control systems and aviation electronics. Despite this rapid growth, a
majority of openings will result from a need to replace electrical and
electronics engineers who leave the labor force, transfer to other
occupations or fields, move into management, or retire.
7. ELECTRICIAN
Electrician may specialize in construction, maintenance,
or both. Electricians assemble, install, and maintain
heating, lighting, power, air-conditioning, and
refrigeration components.
The work of an electrician is active and sometimes
strenuous. An electrician risks injury from electrical
shock, falls, and cuts from sharp objects. To decrease
the risk of these job-related hazards, an electrician is
taught to use protective equipment and clothing to
prevent shocks and other injuries. An electrician must
adhere to the National Electrical Code® (NEC®)*
specifications and procedures, as well as to the
requirements of state, county, and municipal electric
codes.
8. ELECTRICIAN
A large proportion of electricians are trained
through apprenticeship programs. These programs
are comprehensive, and people who complete them
are qualified for both maintenance and construction
work. Most localities require that an electrician be
licensed. To obtain the license, electricians must
pass an examination that tests their knowledge of
electrical theory, the National Electrical Code®, and
local electrical and building codes.
9. Electronics technicians develop, manufacture, and
service electronic equipment, and they use
sophisticated measuring and diagnostic equipmet
to test, adjust, and repair electronic equipment.
This equipment includes radio, radar, sonar,
television, and computers, as well as industrial and
medical measuring and controlling devices.
ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN
10. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN AN ENGINEER AND A
TECHNICIAN
TECHNICIAN
Electronics engineering is an
electrical engineering discipline
involved with designing electronic
circuits, devices, and systems.
ENGINEER
Electronics technicians are
expected to repair, maintain,
assemble, and test electronics
equipment.
11. ADDITIONALLY...
TECHNICIAN
An electronic technician can satisfy specific
requirements by passing an exam and earning
professional certification through certification
agencies. Two such agencies are Electronics
Technicians Association International (ETA-I) and
International Society of Certified Electronics
Technicians (ISCET).Many government and private
organizations require certification as a qualification
for their positions, so passing one or more of the
exams generally makes a technician more
employable.
13. DISCOVERY OF ELECTRONS
The electron was discovered in 1897 by
the English physicist Joseph John
Thomson during investigations of
cathode rays. Electrons are tiny
particles within atoms that march
around defined paths known as circuits
carrying electrical energy.
14. JOHN AMBROSE
FLEMING
An English engineer who
invented the vacuum diode in
1897 that started the existence
of the electronics era.
15. Vacuum Diode - also called
'Fleming valve' or 'thermionic tube'.
It is an electronic device that allows
the electric current in one direction
(cathode to anode) and blocks the
electric current in another direction
(anode to cathode).
16. LEE DE FOREST
In 1906 Lee De Forest modified the vacum
diode of J.A. Fleming and named it as
Vacuum Triode or Audion (patented). The
Triode has 3 terminals. Anode, Cathode and
Grid terminal. Grid electrode controls the
current flow from anode to cathode. This
feature could boost the power of electrical
signals. It also made possible live radio
broadcasting and became the key
component of all radio, telephone, radar,
television, and computer systems before
the invention of the transistor in 1947.
VACUUM TRIODE OR AUDION
17. JOHN BARDEEN, WALTER
BRATTAIN AND WILLIAM
SHOCKLEY
The real development started with the
invention of the transistor in 1948 in Bell
Laboratories. Large Bulky Vacuum
diodes are replaced with junction
transistor.
Transistors are initially made with
germanium material, later on, silicon BJT
(Bipolar Junction Transistor) are grown
up. Most of the devices developed today
are made up of silicon only due to its low
cost.
18. JACK KILBY
To reduce the size and cost of the entire circuit
Jack Kilby introduced a new concept. This idea
entirely changed the world. The complete
interconnected circuit is placed on a single chip
commonly called VLSI (Very Large Scale
Integrated). Computer processors used today
are made up of billions of transistors integrated
on a single IC.
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (IC)
21. This is categorized as :
a. Office Gadgets
b. Home Appliances
c. Audio and Video Systems
d. Advanced Consumer Devices
e. Storage Devices
THE DEVICES AND EQUIPMENT MEANT FOR DAILY
USE ARE KNOWN AS CUSTOMER ELECTRONICS; THIS
INDUSTRY IS WIDELY APPLICABLE TO THE COMMON
PEOPLE.
1. CONSUMER
ELECTRONICS
22. 2. INDUSTRIAL
APPLICATIONS
OF ELECTRONICS
Electronics Engineering has a huge impact on
the smooth functioning of the industries and
is powerful in making real-time automation.
Digital system based on two-way
communication
Self-monitoring and Debugging
Valid Distribution of electricity
Features of Smart Grid
SMART GRID SYSTEMS
Smart electric systems collect information
from the communication technology and react
accordingly based on power consumption. It is
an application of intelligence, computing, and
networked electricity systems.
SMART METER
23. Machines are replacing humans these days with
increased productivity, time and cost. Moreover,
safety is also considered for unmanageable works.
Hence to delegate the human’s, automation has
become the preferable choice for industries.
INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION AND
MOTION CONTROL
IMAGE PROCESSING
3D world has evolved from a single or multiple 2D
images. Various algorithms are developed to
extract 3D information from 2D patterns.
Moreover, image processing has involved in
Computer Graphics, Artificial intelligence, Robotics
for Navigation, Inspection and Assembly, Computer
Vision for Face and Gesture Recognition, Virtual
Reality, Medical Analysis.
24. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Ultrasound
X-ray
Pace Maker
Some of the medical devices and equipments used are:
Electronics are used to developed technologies and
instruments which are used to aid in the diagnosis and
determination of medical issues. They are also used in
research that leads to the development of treatments and
cures for diseases and even genetic defects.
Stethoscope
Respiration Monitors
Defibrillator
Glucose Meter
3. MEDICAL APPLICATIONS
25. 4. DEFENSE AND
AEROSPACE
Electronics technology has been used
extensively in the defense and
aeronautical systems, which includes:
·Missile Launching systems
·Rocket Launchers for space
·Aircraft systems
·Cockpit controllers
·Military Radars
·Boom barrier for military applications
26. ELECTRONICS ARE WIDELY USED IN THE LATEST
AUTOMOBILE TECHNOLOGY SUCH AS IN ENGINE
CONTROL AND CAR ENTERTAINMENT SYSTEMS.
Anti-collision unit
Infotainment console
Anti-lock braking
system
Cruise control
Traction control
Window regulators
Electronic Control Unit
(ECU)
Airbag control
5. AUTOMOTIVE /
AUTOMOBILE
27. 6. METEOROLOGICAL AND
OCEANOGRAPHIC
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IS DONE THROUGH VARIOUS SENSORS AND
AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATIONS. SOME OF THEM ARE:
Barometer for measuring atmospheric pressure.
Anemometer measures the wind speed and wind direction.
Rain Gauge for measuring liquid precipitation over a set period of time.
Hygrometer for measuring humidity.
Drifter Buoy measures current, temperature, and pressure levels in the
ocean.
Data Logger for storing the data collected from various sensors like
humidity, temperature, wind speed and direction, solar radiation, rain scale,
etc.
28. 1 3
2
C O M M O N E L E C T R O N I C S
C O M P O N E N T S
C O M M O N E L E C T R O N I C S
C O M P O N E N T S
29. RESISTORS
These are the simplest components in
any circuit. Their job is to restrict the
flow of electrons and reduce the
current or voltage flowing by
converting electrical energy into heat.
Resistors come in many different
shapes and sizes. Variable resistors
(also known as potentiometers) have
a dial control on them so they change
the amount of resistance when you
turn them. Volume controls in audio
equipment use variable resistors like
these.
30.
31. CAPACITORS
These relatively simple components
consist of two pieces of conducting
material (such as metal) separated
by a non-conducting (insulating)
material called a dielectric. They are
often used as timing devices, but they
can transform electrical currents in
other ways too. In a radio, one of the
most important jobs, tuning into the
station you want to listen to, is done
by a capacitor.
32.
33. INDUCTORS
An inductor is a passive component
that is used in most power electronic
circuits to store energy in the form of
magnetic energy when electricity is
applied to it. One of the key
properties of an inductor is that it
impedes or opposes any change in
the amount of current flowing through
it.
34. DIODES
The electronic equivalents of one-way
streets, diodes allow an electric
current to flow through them in only
one direction. They are also known as
rectifiers. Diodes can be used to
change alternating currents (ones
flowing back and forth round a circuit,
constantly swapping direction) into
direct currents (ones that always flow
in the same direction).
35.
36. TRANSISTOR
Easily the most important
components in computers, transistors
can switch tiny electric currents on
and off or amplify them (transform
small electric currents into much
larger ones). Transistors that work
as switches act as the memories in
computers, while transistors working
as amplifiers boost the volume of
sounds in hearing aids. When
transistors are connected together,
they make devices called logic gates
that can carry out very basic forms
of decision making.
37.
38. Switch is a device that controls the flow of electricity in a
circuit.
SWITCH
40. Relays are electrical switches that open and close
circuits electromechanically or electronically.
Relays
41. Solid-State Relays Reed Relays Optical Relays
Thermal Relays Time Delay Relays Specialty Relays
Types of Relays
42. Battery is a device that stores electrical
energy and is capable of providing electrical
power to operate a device when needed.
Battery
43.
44. A buzzer is an electronic device that produces a
buzzing sound when an electrical current is
passed through it.
Buzzer
45. LED stands for Light Emitting Diode, which
is a type of semiconductor device that
emits light when an electrical current is
passed through it.
LED
46. 1. What field has developed devices or technologies that
are meant for daily use and are widely applicable to the
common people?
a. Industrial Application of Electronics
b. Consumer Electronics
c. Defense and Aerospace Electronics
d. Medical Application of Electronics
2. Which among the choices is not a device or technology
that was developed for the field of medicine?
a. Glucose Meter
b. Anemometer
c. Pace Maker
d. Defibrillator
QUIZ:
3. A diode can act as a _______ and __________.
a Resistor and Transistor
b. Conductor and Insulator
c. Resistor and Capacitor
d. Capacitor and Inductor
4. It is a passive electrical component that creates resistance
in the flow
electrical current.
a. Transciptor
b. Transgender
c. Resistor
d. Inductor
47. QUIZ
The three invented the transistor in 1948 at
Bell Laboratory EXCEPT:
1.
a. John Bardeen
b. Walter Brattain
c. Jack Kilby
d. William Shockley
48. QUIZ
Which among the choices is not a device/
technology that was developed for the field of
medicine?
2.
a. Glucose Meter c. Pace Maker
b. Anemometer d. Defibrillator
49. QUIZ
A diode can act as a _______ and __________.
3.
a Resistor and Transistor
b. Conductor and Insulator
c. Resistor and Capacitor
d. Capacitor and Inductor
50. QUIZ
It is an electronic device that allows the electric
current in one direction (cathode to anode) and
blocks the electric current in another direction
(anode to cathode).
4.
a. Transistor c. Vacuum Triode
b. Audion d. Vacuum Diode
51. QUIZ
It is a passive electrical component that creates
resistance in the flow electrical current.
5.
a. Transciptor c. Resistor
b. Transgender d. Inductor
53. QUIZ
What field has developed devices or technologies
that are meant for daily use and are widely
applicable to the common people?
7.
a. Industrial Application of Electronics
b. Consumer Electronics
c. Defense and Aerospace Electronics
d. Medical Application of Electronics
54. QUIZ
_____________ are expected to repair, maintain,
assemble, and test electronics equipment.
8.
a. Electricians c. Electronics technicians
b. Technicians
55. QUIZ
A device that controls the flow of electricity in a
circuit.
9.
a. Sheesh
b. Switch
c . Which
d. Sweets
56. QUIZ
A device that stores electrical energy and is
capable of providing electrical power to operate a
device when needed.
10.
a. Buttery c. Battery
b. Bakitthree d. Bakery
57. ANSWERS:
ANSWERS:
C. Jack Kilby
B. Anemometer
B. Conductor and Insulator
D. Vacuum Diode
C. Resistor
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. A. Electricians
7. B. Consumer Electronics
8. C. Electronics Technicians
9. B. Switch
10. C. Battery
