The document discusses various strategies for reducing the environmental impact of buildings through green building design and certification programs. It outlines objectives to reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions from buildings. Key concepts discussed include sustainable site planning, energy and water efficiency, renewable energy use, green materials, and building rating systems like LEED, BREEAM, CASBEE and GRIHA which establish criteria and benchmarks for green building performance.

1. GLOBAL CONCERNS
CLIMATE CHANGE
GLOBAL WARMING

2. ROOT CAUSE
Environmental
Pollution
Green House
Gas Emission
Energy
Consumption

3. OBJECTIVE : To evolve a strategy to reduce energy use in buildings so
as to reduce energy costs and greenhouse gas emission into the
earth’s atmosphere.
A GREEN BUILDING is designed , constructed and operated to
minimize the total environmental impacts while enhancing user
comfort and productivity
BUILT GREEN BUILDINGS or SUSTAINABLE HABITAT

4. GREEN BUILDING CONCEPT
Sustainable site planning
•Building Design
optimization
•Energy performance
optimization
•Renewal energy utilization
•Water and Waste
management
•Solid waste management
•Sustainable building
material and construction
technology
•Health, well being and
environmental quality

5. GREEN BUILDING RATING SYSTEM
Green building rating system is an evaluation tool that measures environmental
performance of a building through its lifecycle.
Comprises of a set of criteria covering various parameters related to design, construction
and operation of a green building
Each criterion has pre assigned points and sets performance benchmarks and goals that are
largely quantifiable.
Globally, green building rating systems are largely voluntary in nature and have been
instrumental in raising awareness and popularizing green building design.
A project is awarded points once it fulfills the rating criteria. The points are added up and
the final rating of a project is decided.

6. Building Research Establishment’s Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) was
developed in UK in 1990
•Covers a range of building types : offices, homes, industrial units, retail units, and
schools.
•Points are awarded for each criterion and the points are added for a total score.
•The overall building performance is awarded a ‘Pass’, ‘Good’, ‘Very Good’ or ‘Excellent’
rating based on the score.
•BREEAM has separate criteria/checklist for evaluation of
Design and Procurement
Management and Operation of buildings. There is also a set of core credits that can be
applied for, in case if the building wishes to go in for ‘Core only’ assessment for building
performance.
International Rating Programs: BREEAM

7. •Management(commissioning period and process adopted, monitoring of commissioning,
energy use insite activities, waste management, pollution minimization)
•Health and comfort
(adequateventilation,humidification,presenceofcontrollableblinds,energyefficientlighting,th
ermalandvisualcomfort,lownoiselevels)
•Energy(sub-metering)
•Transport(modes of transport to and from site, alternative transport facilities)
•Water(consumption reduction, metering,leakdetection)
•Materials (asbestos mitigation, storage facilities, reuse of structures, specifications of
envelope, use of crushed aggregate and sustainable timber)
•Landuse (previously used land ,use of remediated contaminated land)
•Ecology(landwithlowecologicalvalueorminimalchangeinvalue,maintainingmajorecologicalsy
stemsontheland,minimizationofbiodiversityimpacts)
•Pollution(leak detection systems,onsite treatments,local or renewable energy sources, light
pollution design, avoid use of ozone depleting and globalwarming substances)
BREEAM major categories of criteria for Design and Procurement

8. International Rating Programs: CASBEE
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT SYSTEM FOR BUILDING ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY
(CASBEE) was developed in Japan, in 2001.
•The family of assessment tools is based on the building’s life cycle: pre-design, new
construction, existing buildings, and renovation.
•CASBEE presents a new concept for assessment that distinguishes environmental load from
environmental quality and building performance.
•Under CASBEE there are two spaces, internal and external, divided by the hypothetical
boundary, which is defined by the site boundary and other elements, with two factors
related to the two spaces, in which the
‘Negative aspects of environmental impact which go beyond the hypothetical enclosed
space to the outside (the public property)’
‘Improving living amenity for the building users’ are considered side by side.

9. International Rating Programs: LEED
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(LEED®) was developed and piloted in the
US in 1998 as a consensus-based building rating system based on the use of existing
building technology.
•The rating system addresses specific environmental building related impact using a whole
building environmental performance approach.
•The Indian Green Building Council has adapted LEED system and has launched LEED India
version for rating of new construction.
•Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) has launched several other products for rating of
different typologies of buildings including homes, factories, among others.

10. Sustainable sites (construction related pollution prevention, site development impacts,
transportation alternatives, storm water management, heat island effect, and light
pollution)
• Water efficiency (landscaping water use reduction, indoor water use reduction, and
waste water management strategies)
•Energy and atmosphere (commissioning, whole building energy performance
optimization, refrigerant management, renewable energy use, and measurement and
verification)
• Materials and resources (recycling collection locations, building reuse, construction waste
management, and the purchase of regionally manufactured materials, materials with
recycled content, rapidly renewable materials, salvaged materials, and FSC certified wood
products)
• Indoor environmental quality (environmental tobacco smoke control, outdoor air delivery
monitoring, increased ventilation, construction indoor air quality, use low emitting
materials, source control, and controllability of thermal and lighting systems)
• Innovation and design process (LEED® accredited professional, and innovative strategies
for sustainable design)
Key Components of the LEED System

11. The number of points a project earns determines the level of LEED
certification.
There are four levels of certification - the number of points a project earns
determines the level of LEED certification that the project will receive. Typical
certification thresholds are:
80+ Points PLATINUM
60-79 Points GOLD
50-59 Points SILVER
40-49 Points CERTIFIED

12. 1. Credit 1, Site Selection – choosing a site that reduces environmental impact from the
location of a building on a site.
2. Credit 2, Development Density & Community Connectivity – developing in urban areas
with existing infrastructure, protect greenfields and preserve habitat and natural resources.
3. Credit 3, Brownfield Redevelopment – rehabilitate sites that are contaminated to reduce
pressure on undeveloped lands.
4. Credit 4, Alternative Transportation: 4 options – reduce pollution and land development
impacts from automobile use. This gets one thinking about public transportation, bicycles,
energy efficient vehicles and parking capacity.
5. Credit 5, Site Development : 2 options – Promoting biodiversity by conserving existing
natural areas and restoring damaged areas or having a high ratio of open space to
development footprint.
6. Credit 6, Stormwater Design: 2 options, Quantity and Quality control – limiting distribution
and pollution of natural water flow by managing stormwater runoff and / or reducing
impervious cove, increasing on-site infiltration, reducing or eliminating pollution from
stormwater runoff, and eliminating contaminants.
7. Credit 7, Heat Island Effect: 2 options, Non-roof and Roof – Reducing heat island (thermal
gradient differences between developed and undeveloped area) to minimize impact on
microclimate, human and wildlife habitat.
8. Credit 8, Light Pollution Reduction – minimize light trespass from the building and site,
this would reduce sky-glow to increase night sky access, improve nighttime visibility through
glare reduction, and reduce development impact on nocturnal environments.

13. SUSTAINABLE SITE
Key
concepts
•LEED Goals •Strategies •Measures •Standards
Key
concepts
Transportation
Site
Selection
Site
Design
and
Managem
ent
Storm
Water
Managem
ent

14. SUSTAINABLE SITE DESIGN
DESIGN
Locate, plan, and design to reduce impacts and increase sustainability in four key areas:
• Reduce transportation demand
•Minimize storm water impacts
•Protect habitat
•Reuse or restore sites
CONSTRUCTION
Protect ecosystems
•Minimize construction impacts
OPERATION
Sustain and maintain over time:On‐site storm water management systems
On‐site habitat systems

15. BROWN FIELDS DEFINITION
"real property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the
presence or potential presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant“
BROWN FIELDS REDEVELOPMENT seeks :
• To environmentally assess existing brownfield properties,
• Prevent further contamination,
• Safely cleanup polluted properties, and design plans for reuse
HISTORY
• Traced to Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of
1980 (CERCLA, or Superfund)
• Greenfields ≠ Brownfields
• Definition amended in 2002
REASON FOR BROWN FIELDS FORMATION
• Energy Exploration (1800’s to present)
• Steel production (1870’s to 1980’s)
• Manufacturing (1800’s to present)

16. • Former gas stations
• Old dry cleaners
• Car repair facility
• Former military bases
• Power plants
• Manufacturing plants
• Aviation facilities
• Abandoned railroads or switching yards
• Foundries
REASON FOR CHOSING BROWNFIELDS
• Perceived or real contamination
• Land has economic value
• Access to existing infrastructure (roads, sewer)
• Additional tax revenue
• Availability of existing buildings
• Removes stigma of blight
• Reduces sprawl

17. BROWNFIELD DEVELOPMENT : CHALLENGING
• Cleanup costs can be uncertain
• Long term liability is a concern
• Perception of property can be a hurdle

18. Overall choosing a site is the first step in any project and by understanding the credits of this
section, we would understand that the Sustainable Sites (SS) section defines the need to:
1. Choose a site to build on that has been built on by others.
2. Choose a site that is close to transportation, amenities and housing.
3. Redevelop and/ redeem a site to make it both ecologically friendly and
environmentally friendly.
4. Reduce the impact of heat island effect and light pollution that impacts our ecosystem
and human health.
5. Protect our air and water ways from pollution.

19. GRIHA: Green Rating for Integrated Habitat
Assessment
National Rating System of India.
•Will evaluate environmental performance of buildings holistically over its entire lifecycle,
there by providing a definitive standards for what constitute a green building.
•GRIHA has been conceived by TERI and developed jointly with the Ministry of New and
Renewable Energy, Government of India. It is a green building‘ design evaluation system',
and is suitable for all kinds of buildings in different climatic zones of the country.
•ADARSH, Association for Development and Research of Sustainable Habitats founded
jointly by TERI (The Energy and Resources Institute,NewDelhi) and MNRE(Ministry of New
and Renewable Energy,GovernmentofIndia) along with a handful of experts in the
sustainability of built environment from across the country.
•ADARSH promotes GRIHA as a design & evaluation tool for Green Buildings and Habitats.

20. Points Ratings
51 -60
61 -70
71 -80
81 -90
91 -100
34 Rating Criteria’s
GRIHA: Criteria's

22. Water Management
Protection : Well Being

23. Energy Performance Optimization
Building Design Optimization
Energy Performance Optimization

24. Sustainable Building Material & Construction
Technology
Waste Water Management

25. Renewable Energy Utilization

26. Solid Waste Management Environmental Quality